林超倫實戰(zhàn)口譯練習(xí)筆記 24 政府戰(zhàn)略的核心

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Speech to the International Fiscal Association

中國經(jīng)濟介紹---國際財政協(xié)會演講

by the Paymaster General, UK

英國主計長

Four years ago we set our central economic objective of high and stable levels of growth and employment. The two pillars of the Government's approach are delivering macroeconomic stability, to allow firms and individuals to invest for the future, and impletuenting microeconomic reforms to remove the barriers which prevent markets from functioning efficiently.

四年前我們設(shè)定了高穩(wěn)定水平增長和就業(yè)的中心經(jīng)濟目標(biāo)。政府的兩個支柱方法是實現(xiàn)宏觀經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定允許公司和個人為未來投資，和實行微觀經(jīng)濟改革移除阻止市場有效運行的障礙。

In the last Parliament, we put in place reforms to achieve macroeconomic stability and to promote work. The UK has now achieved the highest employment of almost any OECD country and the lowest inflation in the EU.

上一次國會會議，我們落實了實現(xiàn)宏觀經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定和促進工作的改革。英國已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了在任何經(jīng)濟合作與發(fā)展組織幾乎最高的就業(yè)率，并且在歐盟中的通貨膨脹率最低。

Building on this platform of stability and employment creation, we must now direct our energies to radical reform and modernization of product, labor and capital markets, so that the UK's productivity will rise faster than that of its industrial competitors as we close the productivity gap.

基于穩(wěn)定和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會的平臺，我們現(xiàn)在要把精力放在基礎(chǔ)改革和產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)代化上，勞動力和資本市場上，這樣英國在消除生產(chǎn)力差距時的生產(chǎn)力才會比工業(yè)競爭者增長的快。

On Monday, the Chancellor announced the next steps we will take to deliver this ambition. These include major reforms to the competition regime. This is at the heart of the Government's strategy. Vigorous competition between firms leads to increased innovation and greater efficiency—and in turn to increased productivity growth.

英國財政大臣周一時宣布了實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的后續(xù)計劃，其中包括競爭體系的改革，這是政府戰(zhàn)略的核心。公司間有力的競爭使得創(chuàng)新增加，效率提高---反過來也是生產(chǎn)力的增加。

So we are modernizing "complex monopoly" powers, providing a strong legal basis for competition authorities to promote competition across the economy, giving them full independence backed by additional resources and consulting on the introduction of criminal penalties for those involved in cartels.

所以我們正在實現(xiàn)“復(fù)雜的壟斷”權(quán)利，為競爭監(jiān)管當(dāng)局提升經(jīng)濟競爭力提供了有力的法律基礎(chǔ)，在介紹參與卡特爾的刑事懲罰方面，依靠額外的資源和咨詢提供了全力的自由。

The Chancellor also announced a series of measures aimed at helping small and medium sized enterprises. We will cut the Capital Gains Tax rate on business assets, creating a regime for entrepreneurs that will be more favorable to enterprise than that of the US.

財政大臣還宣布了一系列旨在幫助中小企業(yè)的措施。我們會削減商業(yè)資產(chǎn)的資本增值稅，創(chuàng)建一個比美國更好的企業(yè)家團體。

We are proposing the doubling of the assets limit for Enterprise Management Incentives, so that more growing companies can attract the high-quality employees they need to realize their potential. We have also announced a new Small Business Birth strategy, including a commitment to extend the width of the 10 per cent corporate tax rate.

我們建議企業(yè)管理獎勵的雙倍資產(chǎn)限制，如此更多發(fā)展中企業(yè)就能吸引到更多高質(zhì)量員工實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。我們還發(fā)布了新的小企業(yè)誕生策略，包括延伸10%企業(yè)稅率范圍的承諾。

SMEs are important because of their significant contribution to the UK economy. Unless this sector delivers growth, the economy as a whole will be held back. However, this focus on small business does not mean that the Government has ignored the position of large business. Indeed, large successful enterprises are the bedrock of the world's leading economies.

中小企業(yè)對英國經(jīng)濟做出了巨大貢獻。這一塊如果不增長，整體經(jīng)濟就會被拖后腿。但是，關(guān)注小企業(yè)并不是說政府忽略了大企業(yè)的地位。事實上，大的成功的企業(yè)是世界零頭經(jīng)濟的基石。

Globalization and the increase in internationally mobile capital have led to benefits from the growing integration of national economic systems, including greater trade in goods and services, movements of labor, and movements of capital and the integration of the financial markets.

全球化和國際移動資產(chǎn)的增加為國家經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)整合的增長帶來了好處，包括商品和服務(wù)的大宗貿(mào)易，勞動力的轉(zhuǎn)移，資本的轉(zhuǎn)移和經(jīng)濟市場的整合。

Over the past decade gross capital flows have increased dramatically. The UK ranks second largest in the world in terms of inward and outward direct investment with multinational companies now playing an especially important role.

過去二十年間總資本流動量急劇增長，英國在世界上向內(nèi)和向外直接投資中排名第二，很多跨國公司現(xiàn)在占據(jù)重要位置。

There are substantial benefits, in terms of higher investment growth efficiency gains and the transfer of innovations and best business practices across national boundaries. But it has to be recognized that these changes mean that problems which were formerly seen as domestic have become international ones. Business is mobile, particularly multinational business, and naturally wants to minimize costs, including tax. And tax policies in turn may be designed primarily to divert mobile capital. These are changes which give rise to concern that anti-competitive tot practices elsewhere may distort business decisions and prove counterproductive in the end, whilst underlining the need for tax competition between countries on terms which are "fair".

就高投資增長效益獲得，國界間創(chuàng)新和最佳商業(yè)做法的轉(zhuǎn)換而言，效益是持續(xù)性的，但必須承認這些改變意味著本來在國內(nèi)的問題演變成國際問題了。企業(yè)是移動的，尤其是跨國企業(yè)想最小化成本，包括納稅，而稅收政策將會主要為轉(zhuǎn)移可移動資本設(shè)計。這些改變也引起了對不利于競爭的稅務(wù)做法的關(guān)注，這會扭曲商業(yè)決策最終適得其反，因此要注重國家質(zhì)檢稅收競爭條款中的“公平”二字。