【雙語(yǔ)】例行記者會(huì) 李克強(qiáng)總理記者會(huì)全程實(shí)錄（中）

喜歡口譯的同學(xué)，大多抱有一個(gè)外交官的理想，而雙語(yǔ)例行記者會(huì)上快節(jié)奏的你問我答及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)翻譯，則給我們提供了寶貴的學(xué)習(xí)資源。下面是小編整理的關(guān)于【雙語(yǔ)】例行記者會(huì) 李克強(qiáng)總理記者會(huì)全程實(shí)錄（中）的資料，希望大家在這些唇槍舌劍中，提升英語(yǔ)，更熱愛祖國(guó)！

彭博新聞社記者：中美建交40年以來，現(xiàn)在兩國(guó)關(guān)系猜疑和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)似乎比以往任何時(shí)候都嚴(yán)重。您如何看待現(xiàn)在的中美關(guān)系，您對(duì)中美關(guān)系未來的走向持何看法？您能否簡(jiǎn)單談及目前中美面臨的一些具體的沖突點(diǎn)？比如貿(mào)易問題，什么樣的貿(mào)易協(xié)議中方可以接受，什么樣的不能接受？在技術(shù)問題上，中國(guó)政府是否會(huì)迫使中國(guó)的有關(guān)企業(yè)幫助其監(jiān)視他國(guó)？

Bloomberg News: There’s probably not been as much suspicion and competition in the relationship since ties began some 40 years ago. How would you describe the current state of US-China ties? What’s your outlook for the relationship? And also if you could address some specific issues on trade, what kind of deal would China accept, and what kind would China not accept? And on technology, would China force Chinese technology companies to help spy?

李克強(qiáng)：我認(rèn)為，中美建交40年來，兩國(guó)關(guān)系可以說是一直向前，取得了豐碩成果。在這個(gè)過程中曲折不斷、風(fēng)云變幻，但是向前走的大趨勢(shì)沒有改變，因?yàn)橹忻纼蓢?guó)之間有著廣泛的共同利益，我們的共同利益是遠(yuǎn)大于分歧的。中美之間保持穩(wěn)定的雙邊關(guān)系，不僅有利于雙方，也有利于世界。我認(rèn)為，在曲折中前行、繼續(xù)前行這個(gè)大趨勢(shì)是不會(huì)、也不應(yīng)該改變的。

Premier Li: I would like to say that China-US relationship has been forging ahead in the past four decades. And a great deal has been accomplished in the growth of this relationship. At the same time, it is true that the relationship has also gone through some twists and turns. But the underlying trend is for the relationship to go forward, and this has not changed. This is because there are broad common interests between China and the US. And the shared interests far outweigh the differences. Steady growth of China-US relationship is in the interest of both countries. It’s also something good for the whole world. So I expect this relationship to continue forging ahead despite twists and turns. And that should be the underlying trend going forward.

當(dāng)然，中美關(guān)系保持總體穩(wěn)定的同時(shí)，一些矛盾糾紛也經(jīng)常突出地表現(xiàn)出來。一段時(shí)間以來，表現(xiàn)比較突出的是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦。中美雙方磋商一直沒有停。在去年二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)期間，兩國(guó)元首達(dá)成了重要共識(shí)，現(xiàn)在雙方的磋商還在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。我們希望磋商能有成果，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)互利雙贏。我相信，這也是世界的期待。

While maintaining the overall stability of China-US relations, we have also seen problems and difficulties appear from time to time. In the past weeks and months, one prominent difficulty in China-US relationship lies in their economic and trade friction. The two countries have been in consultation the whole time. Last year, during the G20 Summit, the presidents of the two countries reached important common understandings. Consultations between the two sides are still ongoing. We hope that good outcomes will be delivered out of those consultations, outcomes that work for both sides and are a win-win. I believe that such a result is also what the whole world would like to see.

中美作為兩大經(jīng)濟(jì)體，經(jīng)過幾十年來的發(fā)展、合作，可以說已是你中有我、我中有你，想人為地把這兩大經(jīng)濟(jì)體隔開，那是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，也是不可能的。我們還是應(yīng)該本著合作比對(duì)抗好、相互尊重、平等互利這個(gè)原則去推動(dòng)中美關(guān)系，包括經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展，這樣可以使兩國(guó)人民從中受惠。對(duì)于矛盾和分歧，我們相信，中美兩國(guó)人民是有智慧、有能力來進(jìn)行化解管控的，推動(dòng)符合世界潮流的中美關(guān)系保持穩(wěn)定并且向著健康的方向發(fā)展。

China and the US, as two large economies, have become closely entwined through years of development and cooperation. It is neither realistic nor possible to decouple these two economies. I believe we need to follow the principles of cooperation instead of confrontation, mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit, to continue to grow China-US relationship, including economic and trade ties, and to deliver concrete benefits to people of both countries. As for the differences and disagreements, we have the confidence that people of the two countries have the wisdom and capability to defuse and manage them properly, and to pursue steady and sound growth of China-US relationship in keeping with the trend of our time.

你問中國(guó)政府有沒有要求自己的企業(yè)去監(jiān)視他國(guó)，我可以明確地回答你，這樣做不符合中國(guó)法律，也不是中國(guó)行事的方法，現(xiàn)在沒有，將來也決不會(huì)有。

You asked whether the Chinese government will ask Chinese companies to “spy” on other countries. Let me tell you explicitly that this is not consistent with Chinese law. This is not how China behaves. China did not and will not do that in the future.

 

新華社記者：2018年是中國(guó)改革開放40周年，提出了改革要再出發(fā)，現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)中國(guó)加快改革有許多新期待。請(qǐng)問今年改革會(huì)有什么具體的行動(dòng)？在優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境方面會(huì)有哪些新舉措？

Xinhua News Agency: The year 2018 marked the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up, putting China’s reform at a new starting point. There have been new hopes, both at home and abroad, for China to accelerate its reform agenda. What concrete actions will be taken to deepen reform this year? What specific measures will be adopted to improve China’s business environment?

李克強(qiáng)：改革開放40年來，中國(guó)發(fā)展取得了巨大成就，惠及了億萬中國(guó)人民。這條路我們會(huì)繼續(xù)走下去，而且應(yīng)該越走越深入、越寬廣。也就是說，我們要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)建設(shè)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持市場(chǎng)化改革的方向。

Premier Li: Through 40 years of reform and opening-up, China has made remarkable achievements, delivering benefits to its entire population. We intend to stay on this path and will pursue our reform at greater depth and breadth. We will continue to develop our socialist market economy, and pursue market-oriented reforms.

政府要堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)市場(chǎng)化、法治化的改革，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)、具體舉措讓改革成果不斷顯現(xiàn)。政府的改革應(yīng)該是更好地讓市場(chǎng)在配置資源中發(fā)揮決定性作用，也就是說要圍著市場(chǎng)做文章，不是老給市場(chǎng)下指令、讓市場(chǎng)做什么，而是要把市場(chǎng)的活力激發(fā)出來。這次我在參加“兩會(huì)”的時(shí)候，不少代表委員都提出希望繼續(xù)優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境。給企業(yè)好的營(yíng)商環(huán)境、公平的營(yíng)商環(huán)境，市場(chǎng)就會(huì)發(fā)揮自身的力量。應(yīng)該說，我們這幾年通過“放管服”改革，營(yíng)商環(huán)境的優(yōu)化是取得成效的。去年有關(guān)國(guó)際組織把中國(guó)營(yíng)商環(huán)境的排名提升了30多位。但社會(huì)上也有呼聲，營(yíng)商環(huán)境改善得還不夠，還有較大差距。我們要傾聽這種呼聲，進(jìn)一步改善營(yíng)商環(huán)境。營(yíng)商環(huán)境好了，市場(chǎng)的活力和社會(huì)的創(chuàng)造力就會(huì)更大地釋放出來。

The government will continue to move forward these reforms in accordance with market principles and the law, to ensure that concrete outcomes will be delivered through specific actions. In carrying out reform, the government must create an enabling environment for the market to play its decisive role in allocating resources. The job of the government is not to direct what the market should or should not do, but to do its best to energize all market players. During this year’s “Two Sessions”, I have heard the hope expressed by many NPC deputies and CPPCC members for a better business environment in China. They told me that if there is a more enabling business environment and a level playing field, the market will be in a stronger position to play its role. Over the years, through the reform of government functions, we have made substantial progress in improving our business environment. This has also been evidenced by the fact that China’s global ranking in terms of ease of doing business run by an important international organization moved up by over 30 spots last year. There has been improvement, but we are still falling short in some respects. We must listen closely to the views expressed by market players and do our level best to foster a better business environment to unlock market vitality and creativity of the people.

改善營(yíng)商環(huán)境，還是要放管結(jié)合、放管并重。放就是要平等地放，不能搞三六九等。我們減少審批程序、辦證辦照時(shí)間，應(yīng)該說對(duì)各類所有制企業(yè)，原則是一視同仁的?，F(xiàn)在開辦企業(yè)拿營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照的時(shí)間，經(jīng)過幾年努力，已經(jīng)從22天降到了8.5天，今年要力爭(zhēng)降到5天，有的地方可以降到3天，目前有的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家才1天。我到基層去調(diào)研，有不少企業(yè)反映，拿到營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照以后還需要很多證，這是所謂“準(zhǔn)入不準(zhǔn)營(yíng)”。我們要采取措施，除了涉及公共安全、特種行業(yè)之外，都應(yīng)該拿到營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照以后就可以正常經(jīng)營(yíng)。政府的監(jiān)管部門可以加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管，在這個(gè)過程中，對(duì)企業(yè)的行為進(jìn)行甄別辨別，需要發(fā)證的發(fā)證，不符合資質(zhì)條件的，該逐出市場(chǎng)就逐出市場(chǎng)。

When improving the business environment, efforts will be made in both deregulation and oversight. By deregulation, we will ensure that companies of all types of ownership will stand to benefit as equals from our measures of administrative streamlining, including cutting the time required for companies to get business license or other required licenses and permits. There should be no discriminatory practices. For example, through years of efforts, we have cut the time required to get a business license from 22 days to 8.5 days. This year, our goal is to further cut it to five days, and in some places with better conditions, maybe three days. It only takes one day to get a business license in some developed countries. When I visited some local areas, I heard complaints from business owners, telling me that even with a business license, they still face a myriad of requirements for other types of permits, that is, their companies can be up but not actually running. We plan to ensure that except for those areas involving public safety and security and other special sectors, a business license should be enough for a company to be up and running. For government departments, their job should be focused on enhancing compliance oversight, to see what permits are required, and ban non-compliant and disqualified companies from the market.

寬進(jìn)就要嚴(yán)管。公平的準(zhǔn)入，公正的監(jiān)管，這是鳥之兩翼，不可偏廢。如果我們監(jiān)管不到位，那些坑蒙拐騙、侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)、假冒偽劣、惡意拖欠款項(xiàng)的行為就有可能肆意妄為。這次“兩會(huì)”上我聽到一些政協(xié)委員反映，他們遇到的是打官司難、討債難，政府的監(jiān)管不到位。監(jiān)管要把規(guī)則公開透明，讓被監(jiān)管者知道自己該做什么、不該做什么。監(jiān)管不能搞選擇性監(jiān)管、任性監(jiān)管。要形成一種放和管結(jié)合的有效的制度性安排。

With lower market thresholds, there must be tightened oversight. There should be fair access to market and impartial regulation. With laxity in regulation on the part of government, malpractices such as cheating and manipulation, infringements of intellectual property, making and selling of fake or substandard goods, or payment arrears, may be left unchecked. I have heard complaints from CPPCC members during this year’s “Two Sessions” about difficulties in seeking legal redress and getting debts repaid due to inadequate oversight. We must make the rules open and transparent, so that market players are fully aware of the dos and don’ts. We must not exercise selective or arbitrary regulation. We must put in place effective institutional arrangements for both deregulation and oversight.

我可以這么說，減稅降費(fèi)和簡(jiǎn)政、公平監(jiān)管，這是我們應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力、激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力的兩個(gè)重要的關(guān)鍵舉措，目的是要讓中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)，而且活力四射。

It can be said that the tax and fee cuts, together with administrative streamlining and impartial regulation, are two very important parts of our measures to counter the downward economic pressure and boost market vitality. The purpose is to ensure steady and sustained growth of the Chinese economy, and make it full of vigor and vitality.

東森新聞云記者：今年年初習(xí)近平總書記在《告臺(tái)灣同胞書》發(fā)表40周年紀(jì)念會(huì)上的重要講話，在兩岸引起廣泛關(guān)注。外界很關(guān)注，大陸今年會(huì)在促進(jìn)兩岸共同發(fā)展和兩岸民眾福祉等方面具體如何貫徹和落實(shí)？

ETV Today of Taiwan: Early this year, President Xi Jinping gave an important speech at the Meeting Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Issuance of the Message to Compatriots in Taiwan and that important speech received close attention from people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. My question is: how will the mainland implement the policies and propositions set out in that important speech, in particular, to promote the common development of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait and improve the well-being of people on both sides?

李克強(qiáng)：今年年初，習(xí)近平總書記在《告臺(tái)灣同胞書》發(fā)表40周年紀(jì)念會(huì)上的重要講話，闡述了我們關(guān)于臺(tái)灣問題的大政方針、原則立場(chǎng)。我們將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)原則和“九二共識(shí)”，反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”，促進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系和平穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，促進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一。

Premier Li: Indeed, early this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping gave an important speech at the Meeting Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Issuance of the Message to Compatriots in Taiwan. In the important speech, he articulated our principles and policies on the Taiwan question. We will continue to adhere to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, and oppose Taiwan independence. We will continue to work to promote peaceful growth of cross-Strait relations and the peaceful reunification of our motherland.

兩岸同胞同根相系，我們?cè)敢獬雠_(tái)更多的優(yōu)惠政策，讓臺(tái)灣同胞在大陸不論是投資興業(yè)、就業(yè)就學(xué)，還是生活居住，都能夠享受到和大陸同胞同等待遇。我們已經(jīng)出臺(tái)了促進(jìn)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流合作的“31條舉措”，現(xiàn)在的問題是要把這“31條舉措”扎扎實(shí)實(shí)地落到位，而且在這個(gè)過程中還應(yīng)當(dāng)有新的舉措。兩岸同胞共享發(fā)展機(jī)遇、走得越近越親，兩岸關(guān)系的發(fā)展就會(huì)越好越實(shí)。我們都希望能夠共圓中華民族偉大復(fù)興的夢(mèng)想。

People on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are bound by kinship. We intend to introduce more preferential policies toward our compatriots in Taiwan to ensure that they will enjoy the same treatment as mainlanders when they come to work, study, live and do business on the mainland. Previously, we introduced 31 measures for promoting cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges. These measures must be fully delivered. In this process, new measures should be introduced as well. When people on both sides of the Strait enjoy the same development opportunities and come closer to each other, the cross-Strait relationship will grow stronger and make more solid progress. We need to work hand in hand to realize our shared dream of national renewal.

《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》記者：去年以來，一些企業(yè)存在裁員的情況，有的內(nèi)外資企業(yè)開始向境外轉(zhuǎn)移。同時(shí)也有一些企業(yè)反映，他們想招一些合適的技術(shù)工人卻很難。政府將采取哪些政策措施來推動(dòng)這些問題的解決？

People’s Daily: Last year, some companies have started to trim staff. Some Chinese and foreign-invested firms have started to relocate their businesses overseas. We have also heard complaints by companies about a shortage of skilled workers. My question is: what measures will the government adopt to resolve these problems?

李克強(qiáng)：在中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中，就業(yè)會(huì)始終是一個(gè)巨大的壓力。我們每年城鎮(zhèn)需就業(yè)的新增勞動(dòng)力1500多萬，未來幾年不會(huì)減，而且還要給幾百萬新進(jìn)城農(nóng)民工提供打工的機(jī)會(huì)。今年我們確定要確保新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)人數(shù)在1100萬人以上，并要力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)去年的實(shí)際規(guī)模，也就是1300萬人以上的就業(yè)。所以，我們把就業(yè)優(yōu)先的政策首次和財(cái)政政策、貨幣政策并列為宏觀政策。財(cái)政和貨幣政策不管是減稅、還是降低實(shí)際利率水平等，在很大程度上都是圍繞著就業(yè)來進(jìn)行的。有了就業(yè)，才會(huì)有收入，才會(huì)有社會(huì)財(cái)富的創(chuàng)造。

Premier Li: Indeed, in China’s modernization process, there will always be tremendous employment pressure. In recent years, on average, some 15 million new entrants entered the labor force each year, and that number will not decrease in the foreseeable future. In addition, we also need to provide job opportunities for several million rural migrant workers every year. This year we plan to create another 11 million or more new urban jobs. And in actual practice, our goal is to generate the same amount of job opportunities as we did last year, that is, over 13 million. You may have also noticed, this year for the first time, we are elevating the status of jobs-first policy to a macro policy together with our fiscal policy and monetary policy. The tax cuts under the fiscal policy as well as cutting real interest rates under the monetary policy are all designed to ensure employment in our country. When there is a job, there is income and there is increase in social wealth.

我們說保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間，首先是要保就業(yè)，不讓經(jīng)濟(jì)滑出合理區(qū)間，就是不能出現(xiàn)“失業(yè)潮”。我們要多措并舉，對(duì)一些重點(diǎn)人群要繼續(xù)努力保障他們就業(yè)，像大學(xué)畢業(yè)生、復(fù)轉(zhuǎn)軍人、轉(zhuǎn)崗職工等。今年的高校畢業(yè)生又達(dá)834萬，比去年還多，創(chuàng)歷史新高。我們還要確保不出現(xiàn)零就業(yè)家庭，對(duì)那些吸納勞動(dòng)力比較多的企業(yè)要給政策優(yōu)惠支持。我們還要推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)造，用好大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)，提供更多的就業(yè)崗位。就業(yè)好不好，這本身也是經(jīng)濟(jì)好不好的一個(gè)重要體現(xiàn)。

Keeping our major economic indicators within a proper range is first and foremost about ensuring employment and preventing a surge in unemployment. To do that, we will apply a combination of measures including promoting employment for key groups of people like college graduates, demobilized military personnel and laid-off workers. This year, the number of college graduates will reach another new high – 8.34 million. We also need to make sure there will be no zero employment families. For those companies that hire more, the government will provide more policy support. In the meantime, we will expand the platforms to encourage business start-ups and innovation as a way to generate more jobs. The state of employment very much reflects how our economy is faring.

政府工作報(bào)告主要講了保障城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)，這里我想特別強(qiáng)調(diào)一下農(nóng)民工就業(yè)。中國(guó)現(xiàn)在有2.8億多農(nóng)民工，而且每年是以百萬計(jì)的數(shù)量在增長(zhǎng)。他們是許多產(chǎn)業(yè)行業(yè)的主力軍，農(nóng)民的收入大部分來自于打工收入。農(nóng)民工的身后可以說有無數(shù)家庭的期待。講到這里，我就想起幾年前到我國(guó)東北一個(gè)中型城市的建設(shè)樞紐工地上去考察，有一個(gè)印象至今揮之不去。在寒冷的天氣里農(nóng)民工在施工，其中有一位農(nóng)民工跟我歲數(shù)差不多大，我和他對(duì)話，他就希望一條：多加班，多掙錢。我說為什么？他說他的一個(gè)孩子考上了重點(diǎn)大學(xué)，他要掙錢使孩子安心學(xué)習(xí)，并且學(xué)習(xí)好。我從他的眼神里看到他對(duì)下一代、對(duì)未來的期待。

The government work report touched mainly upon creating new urban jobs. Here I would like to make a special mention of our rural migrant workers which are now numbered at above 280 million. And that figure is still increasing by several million each year. These rural migrant workers are a leading force in many industries and sectors of our country. Much of their earnings come from non-farming jobs, and they carry the hopes of a lot of families. One thing I can never forget is that several years ago, I was visiting the construction site of a local transportation project in a mid-sized northeastern city, where I met some rural migrant workers. It was a cold winter day, and I talked to one of the workers who was about my age on the construction site. He said to me that he wanted to work longer hours so that he could earn more money. I asked him why. He said that his child was just enrolled into a leading university and he wanted to earn more so that his child won’t have to worry about the college tuition fees and can focus on his studies. In his eyes I saw his hopes for a better future for his children.

我們中華民族幾千年生生不息，這40年來有如此巨大變化，教育的確起了巨大支撐作用。所以我們要善待農(nóng)民工，不僅要給他們提供打工的機(jī)會(huì)，而且要保障他們應(yīng)有的所得。現(xiàn)在不時(shí)發(fā)生農(nóng)民工被欠薪的問題，我們要立法規(guī)，堅(jiān)決打擊那些惡意欠薪的行為，確保農(nóng)民工打工有機(jī)會(huì)，而且合法權(quán)益得到保障，要看到他們是無數(shù)家庭的希望。

Indeed, education has been an important underpinning force that keeps the Chinese nation going for several thousand years. That has made it possible for us to come this far in the past 40 years of reform and opening up. These rural migrant workers must be treated with kindness. And we must ensure that they will not only find jobs but also get paid for their work. There have been instances where their wages cannot be paid in full and on time. The government will for