別“傻坐”著了！久坐會(huì)讓人變傻變癡呆

久坐讓人老得快、讓人生病、讓人早逝，如果你還不肯抬抬你的屁股，你可能正越變?cè)缴怠？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，久坐會(huì)讓人變傻，而且還會(huì)更容易得老年癡呆。

Sitting at your desk all day or on your sofa watching TV could make you stupid, scientists have suggested.

科學(xué)家指出，終日坐在桌前或者坐在沙發(fā)上看電視會(huì)讓你變傻。

Researchers have discovered those with a sedentary lifestyle have a smaller brain region important in forming memories.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些習(xí)慣久坐的人的大腦中負(fù)責(zé)形成記憶的區(qū)域更小。

The study, by researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles, adds to a growing list about the dangers of sitting for too long.

長(zhǎng)期久坐的危害有很多，洛杉磯加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員開(kāi)展的這項(xiàng)研究又揭示了久坐的一個(gè)新危害。

久坐的危害有多少?如果你沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)或已經(jīng)忘記，你有必要看看科學(xué)家的一系列研究結(jié)果。

首先，久坐可致命。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著的人死亡率更高，無(wú)論他們是否從事身體鍛煉。

其次，久坐會(huì)致病，包括心臟病、癌癥等。

第三，久坐還會(huì)讓你早衰。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著會(huì)縮短端粒——染色體末端的保護(hù)帽，讓你的DNA提早衰老。

An array of evidence has already linked the bad habit to heart disease, diabetes, several forms of cancer and an early death in recent years.

近些年有大量證據(jù)顯示，久坐這一壞習(xí)慣和心臟病、糖尿病、幾種癌癥和早逝有關(guān)。

But the new research, derived from 35 participants, suggests sitting for too long could even boost the risk of dementia.

新研究調(diào)查了35名參與者，結(jié)果顯示，久坐甚至?xí)黾踊祭夏臧V呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Those with the lazy lifestyles had less grey matter in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) - even if they went for regular brisk walks, cycle rides or jogs.

經(jīng)常久坐不動(dòng)的人即使定期快走、騎車或慢跑，大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉的灰色神經(jīng)組織也比不久坐的人更少。

A decline in this area has repeatedly been shown to be an early warning sign of Alzheimer's disease in middle-aged and elderly patients.

中老年人大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉的萎縮已被反復(fù)證實(shí)是患上老年癡呆癥的早期跡象。

The study, published in PLOS ONE, quizzed the volunteers, who were aged between 45 and 75, about their levels of exercise.

這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書館·綜合》期刊上的研究對(duì)年齡在45歲到75歲之間的志愿者就其鍛煉水平進(jìn)行了問(wèn)卷調(diào)查。

Each person underwent a high-resolution MRI scan which provides a detailed look at the MTL, an area involved in the formation of new memories.

每個(gè)人都接受了高分辨率核磁共振成像掃描，研究人員還仔細(xì)查看了他們的大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉——負(fù)責(zé)形成新記憶的區(qū)域。

The researchers, led by biostatistician Dr Prabha Siddarth, found that sedentary people had a thinner MTL.

生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家普拉布哈·西達(dá)斯博士領(lǐng)頭的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，久坐的人大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉更薄。

Dr Siddarth and colleagues revealed how this finding remained true - even when volunteers had high levels of physical activity.

西達(dá)斯博士和他的同事指出，即使志愿者運(yùn)動(dòng)量大，這一結(jié)果也不會(huì)改變。

The researchers warned that the study 'does not prove too much sitting causes thinner brain structures'.

研究人員警告說(shuō)，該研究“沒(méi)有證明久坐會(huì)導(dǎo)致大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄”。

However, they were keen to add the research does prove 'that more hours spent sitting are associated with thinner regions'.

但是，他們馬上補(bǔ)充道，研究確實(shí)證明“久坐和大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄有關(guān)”。

The researchers wrote: 'MTL thinning can be a precursor to cognitive decline and dementia in middle aged and older adults.

研究人員寫道：“大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄預(yù)示著認(rèn)知能力的下降和中老年癡呆。”

'Reducing sedentary behaviour may be a possible target for interventions designed to improve brain health in people at risk for Alzheimer's disease.'

“減少久坐時(shí)間也許是一個(gè)可以幫助老年癡呆風(fēng)險(xiǎn)人群改善大腦健康的目標(biāo)介入手段。”

The scientists, who were part funded by the US government, now plan to follow up the preliminary findings on a larger trial group.

現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家計(jì)劃在初步研究結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)開(kāi)展這項(xiàng)研究，擴(kuò)大試驗(yàn)范圍。這項(xiàng)研究的資金部分來(lái)源于美國(guó)政府。

This will help determine if sitting causes the thinning and what precise role gender, race and weight may play, they said.

他們表示，這將有助于確定久坐是否導(dǎo)致大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄，以及性別、種族和體重有無(wú)影響。

Previous research shows physical activity correlates with higher volume in the hippocampus, a small, memory-critical region deep within the brain.

先前的研究顯示，身體活動(dòng)與更大的海馬體有關(guān)，海馬體是大腦深處和記憶密切相關(guān)的一小塊區(qū)域。

The temporal lobes are on either side of the brain, near the temples. They deal with memory, including recognition of faces and objects, and language.

大腦兩側(cè)臨近太陽(yáng)穴的顳葉掌管著記憶，包括對(duì)臉、物體和語(yǔ)言的辨識(shí)。

The Alzheimer's Society said: 'Our day-to-day memory of personal experiences, known as episodic memory, is very closely linked to the hippocampus.'

阿爾茨海默氏病協(xié)會(huì)表示：“我們每日關(guān)于個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的記憶叫作情景記憶，和海馬體的關(guān)系十分緊密。”

They added that this is 'inside the temporal lobe on each side of the brain'.

他們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這部分記憶就儲(chǔ)存在“大腦兩側(cè)的顳葉之內(nèi)”。

'The outer part of each temporal lobe is where we store general knowledge, which is a different type of memory known as semantic memory,' a spokesperson said.

該協(xié)會(huì)的一名發(fā)言人說(shuō)：“每側(cè)顳葉的外圍部分就是我們儲(chǔ)存常識(shí)的地方，這是另一種記憶，名為語(yǔ)義記憶。”

'The left temporal lobe usually deals with facts, the meanings of words and the names of objects. This lobe is central to understanding speech and talking.

“左側(cè)的顳葉通常儲(chǔ)存事實(shí)、詞語(yǔ)的意思和物體的名字。這一側(cè)顳葉對(duì)于理解言語(yǔ)和談話至關(guān)重要。”

'The right temporal lobe usually deals with visual material. This lobe is central to recognising familiar objects and faces. '

“右側(cè)的顳葉通常掌管視覺(jué)信息。這一側(cè)顳葉對(duì)于辨識(shí)熟悉的物體和臉很關(guān)鍵。”