歐盟考慮中止美國(guó)人赴歐盟免簽待遇

A long-simmering row between Brussels andWashington over visas is set to break into the openon Tuesday when the European Commissionconsiders whether to force US citizens to apply for avisa before travelling to Europe.

周二，歐盟委員會(huì)(European Commission)將考慮是否要求美國(guó)公民在赴歐旅行前申請(qǐng)簽證，布魯塞爾與華盛頓之間長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)圍繞簽證問(wèn)題一直忍而不發(fā)的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)有望公開(kāi)化。

Commissioners will meet to discuss what steps, ifany, to take against the US if Washington ignoresBrussels’ demand for a visa waiver to apply for all EU citizens.

歐盟委員會(huì)將舉行會(huì)議，討論若華盛頓方面無(wú)視歐盟提出的、將赴美免簽待遇適用于所有歐盟公民的要求，應(yīng)采取何種措施(假如有對(duì)策的話)反擊美國(guó)。

Officials involved in the negotiations — which, in various forms, have dragged on for nearly adecade — are hopeful that a full-blown diplomatic fight can be avoided at a time whenrelations between the EU and the US are already strained by issues of trade, tax and evenChina.

雙方圍繞簽證問(wèn)題展開(kāi)的各種形式的磋商，已持續(xù)了將近十年。參與磋商的官員們相信，在貿(mào)易、稅務(wù)乃至中國(guó)問(wèn)題已然導(dǎo)致歐美關(guān)系緊張之際，雙方能夠避免簽證問(wèn)題演變?yōu)橐粓?chǎng)全面的外交斗爭(zhēng)。

Although most EU citizens are able to travel to the US without a proper visa, Washington hasstricter entry rules for visitors from some central and eastern member states.

盡管大多數(shù)歐盟公民無(wú)需適當(dāng)?shù)暮炞C就能赴美，但華盛頓方面已收緊了針對(duì)歐盟某些中東歐成員國(guó)公民的赴美入境規(guī)定。

People from Poland, Croatia, Cyprus, Bulgaria and Romania have to get a visa before travellingto the US on holiday or business. It is these countries that are pushing for Brussels to taketough steps against Washington unless it changes its ways, according to officials.

波蘭、克羅地亞、塞浦路斯、保加利亞和羅馬尼亞公民，須拿到簽證才能在赴美度假或作商務(wù)旅行。官員們稱，正是這些國(guó)家在推動(dòng)歐盟對(duì)美采取嚴(yán)厲措施——除非后者改弦更張。

The EU demands that its member states “act in common” when it comes to visa policy,especially when a country “subjects citizens to differing treatment”.

歐盟要求其成員國(guó)在簽證政策方面“統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)”，尤其是在某國(guó)“使公民們受到不同待遇”時(shí)。

In 2014, the US was given two years to offer all EU citizens the chance to benefit from its visawaiver programme, which is used by a total of 30 European countries.

2014年，歐盟給予美國(guó)兩年時(shí)間、要其向所有歐盟公民提供受益于免簽計(jì)劃的機(jī)會(huì)。該計(jì)劃目前總計(jì)適用于30個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家。

“The deadline concerns the needs for the college [of commissioners] to take stock of thesituation,” said a spokesperson for the European Commission. “It will discuss the economicimpact, the political impact and the impact on external relations with these countries. Thenthey will discuss the next possible steps.”

歐盟委員會(huì)一名發(fā)言人稱：“這一截止日期考慮了全體(委員)評(píng)估局面的需要。他們將討論相關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)影響、政治影響和對(duì)這些國(guó)家對(duì)外關(guān)系的影響。然后，他們會(huì)討論接下來(lái)可能采取的舉措。”

National capitals and the European Parliament would have the final say on whether to suspendthe visa waiver programme enjoyed by US visitors. Such a decision would not apply to Britainand Ireland, which have opt outs from the EU’s visa policy.

對(duì)于是否暫停赴歐美國(guó)公民享有的免簽計(jì)劃，各國(guó)政府和歐洲議會(huì)(European Parliament)將擁有最終發(fā)言權(quán)。這類決定將不適用于英國(guó)和愛(ài)爾蘭，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家已選擇不參與歐盟的簽證政策。

US officials, however, insist that countries such as Romania simply have not met therequirements for its visa waiver programme.

不過(guò)，美國(guó)官員們堅(jiān)稱羅馬尼亞這樣的國(guó)家根本不滿足其免簽計(jì)劃的要求。

Negotiations have been complicated by new US rules dictating that all visitors who havetravelled to Iran, Iraq, Sudan or Syria have to apply for a visa — a move that also angeredBrussels.

美國(guó)出臺(tái)的新規(guī)還要求，所有去過(guò)伊朗、伊拉克、蘇丹或敘利亞的人士在赴美前必須申請(qǐng)簽證。此舉也激怒了歐盟方面，加大了雙方磋商的難度。

The fight over visas is just one example of the increasingly tetchy transatlantic relationship.Since the start of 2016, the two have clashed on everything from the tax treatment of big UStechnology groups in Europe to whether China should be treated as a “market economy”.

這場(chǎng)簽證之爭(zhēng)只是表明大西洋兩岸關(guān)系日益不穩(wěn)定的例子之一。2016年以來(lái)，雙方在各個(gè)方面都發(fā)生了沖突——從在歐洲的美國(guó)大型科技企業(yè)享受的稅收待遇，到是否應(yīng)把中國(guó)視為“市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)”國(guó)家。

These disagreements come as both sides are in the process of negotiating a sweeping free-tradedeal called TTIP.

這些分歧出現(xiàn)之際，雙方正就名為《跨大西洋貿(mào)易與投資伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》(TTIP)的全面自由貿(mào)易協(xié)議展開(kāi)磋商。