李克強在第54屆亞非法協(xié)年會上發(fā)表主旨講話(雙語)

Remarks by H.E. Mr. Li Keqiang

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

加強亞非團結(jié)合作促進世界和平公正

——在亞非法協(xié)第54屆年會開幕式上的主旨講話

At the Opening Meeting of the 54th Annual Session of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization

2015年4月13日 北京

Beijing, 13 April 2015

尊敬的主席先生，

Mr. President,

尊敬的秘書長先生，

Mr. Secretary-General,

各位代表，各位嘉賓，

Distinguished Delegates and Guests,

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

很高興出席在北京舉行的亞非法律協(xié)商組織第54屆年會。本屆年會的召開具有重要的意義，因為60年前召開了萬隆會議，中國是萬隆會議的積極參與者，也是會議確定原則的倡導(dǎo)者。亞非國家和各國共同維護著世界和平，促進了共同發(fā)展，我們是命運共同體。我謹代表中國政府，對會議的召開表示熱烈祝賀!對遠道而來的朋友們表示誠摯歡迎!

It gives me great pleasure to address the 54th Annual Session of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) held in Beijing. This year's annual session is highly significant as it coincides with the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference. China was an active participant of that meeting and a proponent of its principles. Countries in Asia, Africa and the rest of the world have worked together to maintain world peace and promote common development, and are forging a community of common destiny. Here I wish to express, on behalf of the Chinese government, our warm congratulations on the opening of the meeting and warm welcome to all of you.

今年是亞非法協(xié)成立的第60個年頭。60年前萬隆會議確立了處理國家間關(guān)系的十項原則，給我們留下了“團結(jié)、友誼、合作”的寶貴精神財富。而亞非法協(xié)作為萬隆會議結(jié)出的碩果，見證了亞非國家聯(lián)合自強，謀求公正合理國際秩序的不平凡歷程，也記載著亞非人民患難與共，實現(xiàn)國家發(fā)展和民族振興的崢嶸歲月。國際社會和中國都會舉辦一系列活動紀念萬隆會議60周年，習近平主席等中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將出席有關(guān)活動，我們今天的會議是紀念活動的一部分，這本身就是向國際社會表明，中國愿同亞非國家和世界所有國家一起，繼續(xù)把萬隆精神發(fā)揚光大，努力維護戰(zhàn)后確立的國際秩序和國際體系。

It has been nearly 60 years since the founding of AALCO. Six decades ago, the Bandung Conference established ten principles governing state-to-state relations, leaving us the invaluable legacy of solidarity, friendship and cooperation. Set up after the Bandung Conference, AALCO bears witness to the unyielding and concerted efforts the Asian and African countries have made to secure a fair and equitable international order and achieve national development and renewal. The international community and China will commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference with a series of events which will be attended by Chinese leaders including President Xi Jinping. Our meeting today, as part of the commemoration, demonstrates to the world that China is ready to work with countries in Asia, Africa and beyond to carry forward the Bandung Spirit and uphold the post-war international order and system.

60年來，我們努力追求獨立自由和平等。亞非國家曾掀起波瀾壯闊的反帝反殖運動，贏得了寶貴的民族解放和獨立，也在相互支持中結(jié)下了深厚的友誼。我們不會忘記，正是亞非兄弟把新中國抬進了聯(lián)合國。中國也始終為亞非兄弟仗義執(zhí)言，為各國的正義事業(yè)提供真心實意的幫助。今天，46個亞洲國家、54個非洲國家成為聯(lián)合國成員國，占聯(lián)合國成員的半數(shù)以上。亞非國家的聲音和意見全世界都需要尊重。

In the past six decades, we have fought hard in pursuit of independence, freedom and equality. By waging the heroic anti-imperialist and anti-colonial struggle, we Asian and African countries have won liberation and independence and forged profound friendship through mutual support. We will never forget that it was our brothers in Asia and Africa who carried new China into the United Nations. China, on its part, has always stood up for our Asian and African brothers and given sincere help to their just causes. Today, 46 Asian countries and 54 African countries have become member states of the United Nations, making up more than half of the total UN membership. The voice of the Asian and African countries is heeded by the entire world.

60年來，我們不懈謀求發(fā)展進步和繁榮。亞非國家堅持探索符合本國國情的道路，人民的生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)得到前所未有的尊重和保護，曾經(jīng)貧窮落后的亞洲和非洲煥發(fā)出勃勃生機。今天的亞洲是全球最具活力的地區(qū)之一，非洲大陸正在釋放巨大發(fā)展?jié)撃堋?014年亞非經(jīng)濟總量達29萬億美元，占世界的37.5%，比1970年增長47倍。新興經(jīng)濟體主要集中在亞非地區(qū)。亞非發(fā)展合作前景廣闊，正成為推動世界經(jīng)濟增長的重要力量。

In the past six decades, we have worked tirelessly to achieve development, progress and prosperity. We Asian and African countries have explored development paths suited to our respective national conditions; the rights to survival and development of our peoples have never been so respected and protected; and Asia and Africa, two poor continents in the past, are full of vibrancy today. Asia is now one of the most dynamic regions in the world, and the African continent is unleashing great development potential. In 2014, the combined GDP of Asia and Africa reached US$29 trillion, accounting for 37.5% of the global total and representing a 47-fold increase over that of 1970. Asia and Africa are home to most of the emerging economies. With broad prospects, Asia-Africa cooperation for development is growing into an important force for global economic growth.

60年來，我們積極建設(shè)國際法治和秩序。亞非各國立足自身國情，加強國內(nèi)法治建設(shè)，并相互學(xué)習借鑒彼此有益經(jīng)驗，推進國際法治合作。我們共同倡導(dǎo)和平共處五項原則，豐富了以《聯(lián)合國憲章》為核心的國際法基本原則。亞非國家呼應(yīng)配合，促進南南合作深入發(fā)展，維護和爭取合法權(quán)益，尊重各國的獨立、主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，為促進世界和平發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用。

In the past six decades, we have worked hard to strengthen the international order and rule of law. We Asian and African countries have boosted the rule of law at home, shared best practices and promoted cooperation on enhancing international rule of law. We jointly championed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which enriched the basic principles of international law based on the UN Charter. By promoting South-South cooperation, we worked closely to uphold our legitimate rights and interests, and call for respect for the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, and played an important role in advancing world peace and development.

女士們，先生們!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中國是亞非大家庭中的一員，與亞非國家同發(fā)展共進步。新中國成立60多年特別是改革開放30多年來，中國發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化，經(jīng)濟總量已躍居世界前列。但中國是人口最多、幅員遼闊的發(fā)展中國家，我們的人均GDP剛達到7600多美元，低于世界1萬美元的平均水平，排在世界80位以后，仍然屬于發(fā)展中國家。中國城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展還很不平衡，大家看到像北京、上海這樣的東部城市，建設(shè)得已經(jīng)比較現(xiàn)代了，但廣大中西部地區(qū)還有很多欠發(fā)達的地方。按照中國自己的標準，還有7000多萬貧困人口。中國仍然是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，亞非地區(qū)是發(fā)展中國家最集中的地區(qū)，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善民生是中國與亞非國家面臨的共同任務(wù)。我們將始終與廣大亞非國家站在一起，共創(chuàng)共享發(fā)展紅利。

As a member of the Asia-Africa family, China has come a long way. In the past six decades since the founding of new China, and particularly in the past three decades since reform and opening-up, China has undergone enormous changes, and grown into one of world's major economies. On the other hand, China remains a huge developing country with the world's largest population. Its per capita GDP is just over US$7,600, lower than the world's average of US$10,000 and ranking behind the 80th place in the world. There is still imbalance in the development of rural and urban areas and among regions. As you can see, Beijing, Shanghai and some coastal cities in Eastern China are quite modern. But many places in Central and Western China are still underdeveloped. According to China's own standards, more than 70 million Chinese are still living in poverty. China remains the world's largest developing country, and Asia and Africa are home to the largest number of developing countries in the world. Growing the economy and improving people's lives is a common task facing China and other countries in Asia and Africa. We will continue to work together to bring development benefits to our peoples.

女士們，先生們!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

當今世界，和平與發(fā)展仍然是時代主題，合作共贏更是大勢所趨，推進國際法治是人心所向。但也要看到，世界并不安寧，亞洲和非洲的經(jīng)濟建設(shè)還面臨著不少挑戰(zhàn)，發(fā)展中國家的合法權(quán)益仍未得到充分保障。世界要和平，亞非要進步，各國要發(fā)展，都離不開法治和秩序。新形勢下，亞非各國應(yīng)繼續(xù)發(fā)揚萬隆精神，共同推動世界和平發(fā)展與公平正義。這里，我提出幾點主張：

In today's world, peace and development remain the call of our times. Win-win cooperation has become the prevailing trend, and international rule of law the shared aspiration of people. But the world is not yet a peaceful place. Asia and Africa still face many challenges in pursuing economic development, and the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries are not yet fully safeguarded. The world needs peace, Asia and Africa need to move forward, and all countries need development; but none of these goals can be achieved without rule of law and order. Under the new conditions, we Asian and African countries should carry forward the Bandung Spirit and work together to advance world peace, development, equality and justice. With this in mind, we should work on the following areas:

第一，推動國際政治秩序更加公正合理。今年是世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利和聯(lián)合國成立70周年。實踐表明，戰(zhàn)后秩序為世界和平發(fā)展提供了基礎(chǔ)和環(huán)境，國家間唯有相互尊重、平等相待，才能和睦相處。中國作為聯(lián)合國創(chuàng)始成員國，我們認為以主權(quán)國家為基礎(chǔ)的國際體系要鞏固，弱肉強食的叢林法則必須摒棄。亞非國家要共同維護以聯(lián)合國為核心的戰(zhàn)后國際秩序，堅決捍衛(wèi)《聯(lián)合國憲章》的權(quán)威，堅持主權(quán)平等、互不干涉內(nèi)政、不使用武力的根本原則。在世界多極化進程中，亞非國家正成為重要一極。中國作為負責任大國，堅持走和平發(fā)展道路，愿與亞非國家一道推進國際關(guān)系民主化、法治化，繼續(xù)在維護和完善國際秩序中發(fā)揮積極作用。

First, we should work to make the international political order more just and equitable. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. The post-war order has provided the foundation for world peace and development. Countries will live in harmony only if they treat each other with respect and as equals. As the founding member of the UN, China believes that the international system based on sovereign states must be strengthened and the law of the jungle under which the weak is bullied by the strong must be rejected. We Asian and African countries should jointly safeguard the UN-based post-war international order and the sanctity of the UN Charter and stay committed to the fundamental principles of sovereign equality, non-interference in others' domestic affairs and non-use of force. We Asian and African countries are becoming an important pole in the process of moving towards global multipolarity. As a responsible major country, China is committed to peaceful development. We will continue to work with other Asian and African countries to promote greater democracy and rule of law in international relations and play an active role in maintaining and improving the international order.

第二，促進世界經(jīng)濟更加開放有序。隨著經(jīng)濟全球化深入推進，各國利益交融不斷加深，你中有我，我中有你，只有走互利共贏之路，才能實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。國際社會應(yīng)高舉自由貿(mào)易大旗，反對保護主義，不打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)，維護世界貿(mào)易組織確定的基本原則，維護國際貿(mào)易法，維護和完善國際金融體系，促進建立均衡普惠的全球貿(mào)易體系，同時推動區(qū)域性貿(mào)易投資自由化和便利化，讓兩個“輪子”一起轉(zhuǎn)。亞非國家正處于工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化的關(guān)鍵時期，各國已結(jié)成利益共同體，要積極開展南南合作和南北合作。這就像中國傳統(tǒng)的端午節(jié)龍舟賽，只有合力劃槳、步調(diào)一致，才能使船又快又穩(wěn)，贏得勝利。亞非國家要不斷改善投資貿(mào)易法律環(huán)境，主動參與國際經(jīng)貿(mào)游戲規(guī)則制定，為自身發(fā)展爭取更多制度性權(quán)利。中國愿與亞非國家完善既有合作平臺和機制，積極開展產(chǎn)能合作和產(chǎn)業(yè)對接，實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補、共同發(fā)展。我們提出的“一帶一路”倡議，愿與有關(guān)國家的發(fā)展規(guī)劃和需求相結(jié)合，為深化亞非地區(qū)合作帶來新契機。

Second, we need to work for a more open and institutionalized world economy. With economic globalization deepening and countries' interests converging, common development can only be realized by pursuing mutual benefit. The international community should hold high the banner of free trade, oppose protectionism, refrain from trade wars, observe international trade laws and the basic principles of the World Trade Organization, uphold and improve the international financial system and build a more balanced and inclusive global trade regime. At the same time, trade and investment liberalization and facilitation should also be promoted at the regional level to complement and reinforce the global system, thus supporting global growth with two wheels. With Asian and African countries both at a crucial stage of industrialization and urbanization and a community of shared interests emerging, active efforts should be made to carry out South-South and North-South cooperation. It's just like the dragon boat race during China's traditional Dragon Boat Festival. Only when everyone rows at top speed and at the same pace can the boat sail fast and steadily towards victory. Asian and African countries need to continuously improve the legal environment for investment and trade, and be a more proactive participant in the formulation of the rules concerning international economy and trade to secure more institutional rights for their own development. China stands ready to work with Asian and African countries to improve existing cooperation platforms and mechanisms, encourage closer linkages and cooperation among industries to draw on each other's strengths for common development. We stand ready to align our "Land and Maritime Silk Road" Initiatives with the development plans and needs of countries along the routes so as to bring new opportunities for greater cooperation in Asia and Africa.

第三，努力維護國際和地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定。歷史和現(xiàn)實都表明，沒有和平安寧的環(huán)境什么事也做不成。亞非國家山水相連、比鄰而居，更要彼此照應(yīng)、友好相處。對一些地區(qū)沖突和歷史遺留問題，要通過和平方式協(xié)商解決，不能訴諸武力。對一些存在分歧和不同看法的問題，要互諒互讓，尋求最大公約數(shù)。中國積極維護地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定，也開展了頻繁的外交活動，勸和促談，推動和平解決南蘇丹、中東以及其他一些地區(qū)熱點問題。

Third, we need to uphold international and regional peace and stability. Nothing can be achieved without peace and security. Asian and African countries are neighbors connected by mountains and seas. It is all the more important that we are ready to help each other and be good friends. Regional conflicts and historical issues should be resolved peacefully through consultation rather than by force. And differences and disagreements should be addressed by understanding and accommodating each other and seeking common ground wherever possible. China has made vigorous efforts to uphold regional peace and stability, and conducted intensive diplomatic activities to facilitate peace talks and peaceful settlement of hotspot issues such as those in South Sudan and the Middle East.

在南海問題上，我們提出了“雙軌思路”，主張由直接當事國通過對話協(xié)商解決爭議，中國和東盟國家共同維護南海穩(wěn)定。南海的航行自由與安全是完全有保障的。只要我們真誠求和平，就沒有解不開的結(jié)，就沒有過不去的坎兒。亞非人民友好相處的道路就會越走越寬、越走越順。

On the issue of the South China Sea, China advocates a "dual-track" approach. We believe disputes should be addressed between countries directly concerned through dialogue and consultation and China and ASEAN countries should work together to promote stability in the South China Sea. The freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea are fully guaranteed. As long as we pursue peace with sincerity, there will be no problems or difficulties between us that cannot be overcome. The friendship between Asian and African peoples will only be further deepened and strengthened.

第四，攜手應(yīng)對全球非傳統(tǒng)安全挑戰(zhàn)。在氣候變化、恐怖主義、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全、重大疫情和自然災(zāi)害等全球性挑戰(zhàn)面前，沒有任何國家能置身其外。亞非國家面臨的非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅尤為突出，必須合力應(yīng)對，協(xié)調(diào)行動。應(yīng)對氣候變化各國都責無旁貸，我們要堅持發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家“共同但有區(qū)別的責任”原則，推動形成2020后公平合理的減排協(xié)議?？植乐髁x是世界公敵，我們要共同防范和打擊一切形式的恐怖主義。網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間是人類社會生活發(fā)展“新的疆域”，我們要努力消除“數(shù)字鴻溝”，構(gòu)建和平安全開放合作的網(wǎng)絡(luò)秩序。重大疫情傳播沒有邊界，世界各國都有防控的責任。在抗擊埃博拉等重大疫情中，中國提供的資金援助和救治力量發(fā)揮了積極作用，愿繼續(xù)向受疫情影響最重的非洲國家提供力所能及的幫助。中國愿與亞非國家守望相助、相互支援，共同應(yīng)對非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。

Fourth, we need to work together to meet global non-traditional security challenges. No country can stay immune to challenges such as climate change, terrorism, cyber security, pandemic diseases and natural disasters. Given our vulnerability to such threats, countries in Asia and Africa must come together and coordinate our response. On tackling climate change, every country must do its part. We must uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and work for a fair and equitable post-2020 agreement on emission reduction. Terrorism is a global scourge. Whatever its form, it must be dealt with through joint efforts. Cyberspace is a new frontier for human society. We need to narrow the digital gap and develop an order in cyberspace based on peace, security, openness and cooperation. Epidemics respect no borders. All countries have a stake in the prevention and control of such diseases. Financial and medical assistance from China has contributed to the joint fight against recent epidemics such as the Ebola outbreak. China stands ready to continue to provide assistance to African countries most heavily affected by the epidemic to the best of its ability. China will continue to work with other Asian and African countries to help each other in times of need and together overcome non-traditional security threats and challenges.

第五，積極深化國際法治交流合作。良法是善治的基礎(chǔ)，地球村里需要用國際法來明辨是非、定分止爭。亞非國家要在國際法治領(lǐng)域多交流、多協(xié)調(diào)，積極參與國際立法，使國際法更充分地反映發(fā)展中國家的訴求和共同利益。要切實維護國際法的權(quán)威性和有效性。要在國際法框架下深化亞非國家司法執(zhí)法合作，共同打擊走私、毒品、金融詐騙等跨國犯罪，加強反腐敗國際協(xié)作。中國積極維護和建設(shè)國際法治，已加入400多項多邊條約，締結(jié)了2萬多項雙邊條約。奉行和平共處五項原則，堅持依法辦事，一直是中國外交的基石和風格。我們將在加快國內(nèi)法治建設(shè)的同時，為推進國際法治進程作出應(yīng)有的貢獻。

Fifth, we need to deepen exchanges and cooperation on the international legal system. Good laws are the foundation of sound governance. In our global village, international law is crucial to telling right from wrong and mitigating differences and conflicts. Asian and African countries need to increase exchanges and coordination on international rule of law and stay involved in international law-making to better reflect the aspirations and interests of developing countries. The authority and effectiveness of international law must be upheld. Asian and African countries need to, under the framework of international law, deepen judicial and law enforcement cooperation, jointly fight against smuggling, drug trafficking, financial fraud and other trans-national crimes and strengthen international cooperation to combat corruption. China is an active contributor to international rule of law. It has acceded to more than 400 multilateral treaties and concluded over 20,000 bilateral treaties. Commitment to the five principles of peaceful coexistence and to international law in general has been a cornerstone and defining feature of China's foreign policy. As China strengthens the rule of law at home, it will make greater contribution to building rule of law at the international level.

女士們，先生們!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

亞非法協(xié)已成立近60年了，作為促進兩大洲國際法律交流與合作的重要平臺，在加強地區(qū)治理、維護共同權(quán)益方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。亞非地區(qū)幾代法律界人士都為此付出了大量的心血和智慧。秘書長先生作為資深法學(xué)家，已歷任兩個任期，在你和亞非法協(xié)成員的努力下，法協(xié)工作領(lǐng)域不斷拓展，影響力進一步擴大，我們對此表示贊賞。面向未來，各成員國要增進交流，凝聚共識，把這個寶貴的平臺發(fā)展好、利用好。中國將一如既往地支持亞非法協(xié)的事業(yè)。我在這里宣布，中國將出資設(shè)立“中國-亞非法協(xié)國際法交流與研究項目”，助力亞非法協(xié)發(fā)展，促進國際法治合作。

Since its inception nearly 60 years ago, AALCO, as a major platform for Asian-African legal exchanges and cooperation, has played a vital role in strengthening regional governance and safeguarding our common rights and interests. This has been made possible by the extraordinary dedication and intellect of generations of legal experts from Asia and Africa. One of them is Secretary-General Dr. Rahmat Mohamad, a renowned jurist serving his second term as Secretary-General. I commend you and members of AALCO for your efforts to expand the organization's areas of focus and raise its profile. Going forward, we hope to see more exchanges between member states to help build consensus and allow this valuable platform to flourish and serve its cause. China will remain a firm supporter to AALCO. We will set up a China-AALCO research and exchange program on international law to facilitate AALCO's growth and international cooperation on the rule of law in general.

女士們，先生們!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

3000多年前，在亞非結(jié)合部的兩河流域，產(chǎn)生了漢謨拉比法典，是人類歷史上最早的成文法。在同一時期的中國，西周已創(chuàng)造出古體的“法”(灋)字，這是一個象形文字，左邊部分是水，代表著公平與平等，右邊部分是能分辨是非的獨角獸，代表著正義和權(quán)威。這充分說明，亞非地區(qū)有著深厚的法治文明底蘊。今天，我們應(yīng)更好弘揚先人的法治傳統(tǒng)和精神，為國際法治作出更大貢獻。

Three thousand years ago, the oldest written code of law in human history, the Code of Hammurabi, was enacted in Mesopotamia in an area where our two continents meet. At around the same time in China, known as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ancient Chinese character which means "law" was invented. It is a pictograph composed of two parts. Its left part means "water", which indicates impartiality of judgement; its right part contains a pictograph for "the mythic goat-unicorn", a symbol of justice and authority in China. These two milestones are perfect examples of the rich legal heritage of Asian and African civilizations. Today, it is our duty to carry forward this tradition and the spirit of respecting the rule of law and work even harder to build up the international legal system.

讓我們攜手推動亞非團結(jié)合作邁上新的臺階，共同建設(shè)持久和平、公平正義、互利共贏的美好世界!

Let us join hands to usher in a brighter future for Asia-Africa unity and cooperation and together create a better world of lasting peace, justice and win-win cooperation.

祝亞非法協(xié)第54屆年會圓滿成功!

To conclude, I wish the 54th Annual Session of AALCO full success.

謝謝大家!

Thank you all very much.