研究表明，大麻可能對癌癥疼痛沒有幫助

研究表明，大麻可能對癌癥疼痛沒有幫助

"Yup, life's a tradeoff," Susan Sarandon tells co-star Julia Roberts while smoking weed in the 1998 tearjerker "Step Mom." In the film, Sarandon plays a woman dying of cancer while struggling to accept leaving her kids to the much younger, much hipper woman her ex-husband married.

1998年，在催人淚下的電影《繼母》中，蘇珊•薩蘭登一邊吸著大麻，一邊對聯(lián)合主演朱莉婭•羅伯茨說:“是的，生活就是一種權(quán)衡。”在這部電影中，薩蘭登飾演一名死于癌癥的女子，她努力接受把孩子留給比自己年輕得多、比自己時髦得多的前夫所娶的妻子。

"It's finally legal to smoke dope, but you've got to have cancer," Sarandon says, exhaling a puff of smoke.

“吸食毒品終于合法了，但必須是在你得癌癥的前提下，”薩蘭登邊說邊吐了一口煙。

Like many people suffering with cancer, Sarandon's character used weed to ease some of the pain of her disease and the nausea that treatment often brings.

和許多癌癥患者一樣，薩蘭登飾演的角色用大麻來緩解癌癥帶來的疼痛和惡心。"Certainly here in the United States, this has become a major topic of interest, based on anecdotal reports where people say, 'You know, as a cancer patient I feel better when I use cannabis,' or CBD or whatever the product might be," said Dr. J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, deputy chief medical officer for the American Cancer Society.

“當然，在美國，這已經(jīng)成為一個重要的話題，因為人們會說，‘你知道，作為一個癌癥患者，我使用大麻、CBD或其他任何相關(guān)產(chǎn)品時感覺更好’，”美國癌癥協(xié)會副首席醫(yī)療官J·倫納德·利希滕菲爾德博士說。

But a new review of studies done in Europe is casting doubt on the ability of marijuana to truly address cancer pain.

但是，一項對歐洲研究的新評論對大麻真正解決癌癥疼痛的能力提出了質(zhì)疑。

Published Monday in the journal BMJ, researchers analyzed six randomized control trials -- the gold standard of research -- of nearly 1.500 cancer patients in the UK and Europe. The studies compared the pain levels of cancer patients on opioid treatment when they added cannabis for additional pain control to similar groups who were given a placebo instead.

周一發(fā)表在BMJ雜志上的研究人員分析了英國和歐洲近1500名癌癥患者的6項隨機對照試驗-研究的黃金標準。這些研究比較了接受阿片類藥物治療的癌癥患者在添加大麻以額外止痛時的疼痛水平，并與給予安慰劑的類似組進行了比較。

The analysis found no change in average pain intensity between the people who used cannabis and those who took dummy pills, therefore "this systemic review provides good evidence that cannabinoids do not have a role in cancer-related pain," the study authors stated.

分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，在使用大麻的人和服用安慰劑的人之間，平均疼痛強度沒有變化，因此“這項系統(tǒng)的回顧提供了很好的證據(jù)，證明大麻類物質(zhì)在癌癥相關(guān)的疼痛中沒有作用，”研究作者說。

In addition, a few cannabis users experienced side effects at times severe enough to cause dropout from the studies. Reported side effects included dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and sleepiness.

此外，一些大麻使用者有時會出現(xiàn)嚴重的副作用，足以導致他們中途退出研究。報道的副作用包括頭暈、惡心、嘔吐、疲勞和嗜睡。

The study authors' conclusion: cannabinoids cannot be recommended to treat cancer-related pain.

該研究作者的結(jié)論是:大麻素不能被推薦用于治療癌癥相關(guān)的疼痛。

Cannabinoids are chemical substances that bind to receptors in the endocannabinoid system, charged with regulating everything from sleep to appetite to inflammation to pain and more.

大麻素是一種化學物質(zhì)，它與內(nèi)源性大麻素系統(tǒng)中的受體結(jié)合，負責調(diào)節(jié)從睡眠到食欲，從炎癥到疼痛等一切癥狀。

According to the Alcohol Drug Abuse Institute, 66 of the 480 natural components of the marijuana plant are classified as cannabinoids; the most well-known, of course, are CBD and THC.

根據(jù)酒精藥物濫用研究所的數(shù)據(jù)，大麻植物的480種天然成分中有66種被歸類為大麻類物質(zhì);當然，最知名的是CBD和THC。

The study authors also said their conclusion was free of a high risk of bias, thus making the validity of their scientific conclusion stronger.

該研究的作者還說，他們的結(jié)論沒有很高的偏見風險，因此使他們的科學結(jié)論的有效性更強。

The studies in the review do carry extra credibility, and therefore less bias, Lichtenfeld said, because the cannabis used was from countries where cannabis quality control is highly regulated.

利希滕費爾德說，這項綜述中的研究確實具有額外的可信度，因此偏見較少，因為所使用的大麻來自大麻質(zhì)量控制嚴格的國家。