研究表明，男性應(yīng)該被允許在死后捐獻精子

研究表明，男性應(yīng)該被允許在死后捐獻精子

Sperm donations from dead men is "ethically permissible," say doctors seeking to tackle the shortage of living donors in the UK.

尋求解決英國活體捐贈者短缺問題的醫(yī)生們表示，來自死者的精子捐贈是“道德上允許的”。

A study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics Monday proposed that men should be able to "register their desire to donate their sperm after death for use by strangers."

周一發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學倫理學雜志》上的一項研究建議，男性應(yīng)該能夠“登記自己死后捐獻精子給陌生人使用的意愿”。

Such a procedure would be similar to organ donation, authors Dr. Nathan Hodson of the University of Leicester and Dr. Joshua Parker of Manchester's Wythenshawe Hospital wrote in the study.

萊斯特大學的南森漢森博士和曼徹斯特維森西奧醫(yī)院的朱莎帕克博士在研究中寫道，這樣的程序?qū)㈩愃朴谄鞴倬栀洝?/p>

"If it is morally acceptable that individuals can donate their tissues to relieve the suffering of others in 'life-enhancing transplants' for diseases, we see no reason this cannot be extended to other forms of suffering like infertility, which may or may not also be considered a disease," the study says.

研究稱：“如果個人可以捐贈自己的組織來減輕他人在‘增進生命的移植’中對疾病的痛苦，這在道德上是可以接受的，那么我們認為這沒有理由不能擴展到其他形式的痛苦，比如不孕不育，這可能被認為是一種疾病，也可能不被認為是一種疾病。”

The mechanics of donating, they say, are entirely feasible through either electroejaculation or surgical methods.

他們說，通過電射精或手術(shù)方法，捐贈的機制是完全可行的。

Sperm would be cryopreserved following collection and thawed when chosen for reproduction, the authors said.

作者說，收集后的精子將被低溫保存，并在選擇用于繁殖時解凍。

Scientists said that harvesting sperm after death has been possible for many years and there is evidence that it can be used in reproduction. Sperm retrieved even up to 48 hours after death can result in viable pregnancies and healthy children, they said.

科學家們表示，多年來，人們一直有可能在死后收集精子，而且有證據(jù)表明，精子可以用于生殖。他們說，即使在死亡48小時后，精子仍能被回收，這將會導(dǎo)致懷孕和孩子健康成長。

Ongoing shortage of sperm donors in UK

英國精子捐獻者持續(xù)短缺

The process would address the ongoing shortage of donor sperm in the UK, argue the authors, which has led to Britain importing commercially donated sperm to cope with demand from couples struggling to conceive.

該研究的作者認為，這一過程將解決英國目前捐獻精子短缺的問題，這已導(dǎo)致英國進口商業(yè)捐獻精子，以滿足不孕不育夫婦的需求。

In 2017. an estimated 4.000 samples were imported from the US and another 3.000 from Denmark, according to the UK's Department of Health and Social Care.

根據(jù)英國衛(wèi)生和社會保障部的數(shù)據(jù)，2017年，估計有4000個樣本從美國進口，另外3000個樣本從丹麥進口。

Researchers argued that sperm donated in this way could offer solace to the donor's bereaved family.

研究人員認為，用這種方式捐獻的精子可以給捐獻者的家屬帶來安慰。

"Grieving families commonly take solace in the knowledge that their loved one's organs have been used to improve the lives of others," the paper states.

“悲痛的家庭通常在得知他們所愛的人的器官被用來改善他人的生活時得到安慰，”該論文寫道。

"Given the value that society places on parenthood and child-rearing, there is reason to believe that families of donors would react in a similar way regarding the donation of gametes."

“考慮到社會對父母和養(yǎng)育子女的重視，我們有理由相信，捐獻者的家庭也會對配子的捐獻做出類似的反應(yīng)。”

But, according to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), donors must be screened in line with legal requirements and guidance. HFEA is the UK agency that regulates fertility clinics.

但是，根據(jù)人類受精和胚胎管理局的規(guī)定，捐獻者必須按照法律要求和指導(dǎo)進行篩選。人類受精和胚胎管理局是管理生育診所的英國機構(gòu)。

This includes medical screenings which can only be carried out while the donor is alive. At present, HFEA says, donors must be fully informed about the process and its implications, offered counseling and consent to the procedure.

這包括只能在捐獻者在世時進行的醫(yī)療篩查。人類受精和胚胎管理局說，目前，捐贈者必須充分了解這一過程及其影響，提供咨詢并同意這一程序。