美國(guó)宇航局探索轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)宇航員的可能性

美國(guó)宇航局探索轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)宇航員的可能性

As NASA gears up to send astronauts to Mars in the 2030s, scientists are brewing new ways to help them survive the trip.

隨著美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)準(zhǔn)備在本世紀(jì)30年代將宇航員送上火星，科學(xué)家們正在醞釀幫助他們?cè)诨鹦侵弥行掖嫦聛淼男路椒ā?/p>

One radical option is to modify the DNA of space explorers to using controversial gene-editing technology. Much like Sam Worthington in the 2018 Sci-Fi flick “The Titan,” astronauts would be engineered to deal with the harsh toll of space travel.

一個(gè)激進(jìn)的選擇是使用有爭(zhēng)議的基因編輯技術(shù)來修改太空探索者的DNA。就像薩姆·沃辛頓(Sam Worthington)在2018年的科幻電影《泰坦》(the Titan)中一樣，宇航員將被設(shè)計(jì)來應(yīng)對(duì)太空旅行的嚴(yán)酷代價(jià)。

And NASA-backed researchers have already begun to investigate the possibility, reports The Times.

據(jù)《泰晤士報(bào)》報(bào)道，美國(guó)宇航局支持的研究人員已經(jīng)開始調(diào)查這種可能性。

One experiment at Cornell University is looking at taking a gene copied from a tiny but hardy creature and inserting it into embryonic human cells grown in a laboratory.

康奈爾大學(xué)(Cornell University)的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)正在研究從一種微小但生命力頑強(qiáng)的生物身上復(fù)制出一種基因，并將其植入實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的人類胚胎細(xì)胞中。

The tardigrade, also known as the water bear, is smaller than a grain of table salt but has a remarkable resistance to cancer-causing cosmic radiation that astronauts would encounter exploring outer space.

緩步動(dòng)物，也被稱為水熊，比一粒食鹽還小，但對(duì)致癌的宇宙輻射有很強(qiáng)的抵抗力，宇航員在探索外太空時(shí)會(huì)遇到這種輻射。

“We’ll protect the astronauts physically, we’ll protect them pharmacologically,” Dr. Christopher Mason, lead scientists on the project, told The Times.

“我們將在身體上和藥物上保護(hù)宇航員，”該項(xiàng)目的首席科學(xué)家克里斯托弗·梅森博士告訴《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》。

“But could we protect them genetically, with armor on the inside of their cells?”

“但我們能通過在細(xì)胞內(nèi)部植入盔甲來保護(hù)它們的基因嗎?”

However, the technology faces huge ethical and legal hurdles and remains decades away from ever being implemented.

然而，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)面臨著巨大的倫理和法律障礙，距離真正實(shí)施還有幾十年的時(shí)間。

It involves taking the super-gene in question and using a virus to permanently weave it into a person’s DNA.

它涉及到將所討論的超級(jí)基因和使用一種病毒將其永久地編織到一個(gè)人的DNA中。

Scientists still have no idea what the long-term effects such a change might have on someone’s mental and physical health.

科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀徊恢肋@樣的改變會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)人的精神和身體健康產(chǎn)生什么樣的長(zhǎng)期影響。