黑客帝國成真？知識(shí)或可直接上傳到大腦

Feeding knowledge directly into your brain, just like in sci-fi classic The Matrix, could soon take as much effort as falling asleep, scientists believe.

科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，人類很快就能和經(jīng)典科幻電影《黑客帝國》里演的一樣，只需要睡上一覺即可將知識(shí)直接灌入大腦。

Researchers claim to have developed a simulator which can feed information directly into a person's brain and teach them new skills in a shorter amount of time, comparing it to "life imitating art".

研究人員聲稱，他們開發(fā)了一種可以直接將信息輸入人腦的模擬器，這種模擬器可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)教會(huì)人類新技能。他們將其比作“生活模仿技術(shù)”。

In the neo-noir sci-fi classic, protagonist Neo is able to learn kung fu in seconds after the martial art is 'uploaded' straight to his brain.

在這部新黑色經(jīng)典科幻電影中，男主角尼奧在大腦加載武術(shù)招數(shù)后很快就學(xué)會(huì)了功夫。

Researchers from HRL Laboratories, based in California, say they have found a way to amplify learning, only on a much smaller scale than seen in the Hollywood film.

加州休斯研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究人員表示，他們已經(jīng)找到了一種提高學(xué)習(xí)能力的方法，只不過這種方法有效的范圍比《黑客帝國》中展示的要小。

They studied the electric signals in the brain of a trained pilot and then fed the data into novice subjects as they learned to pilot an aeroplane in a realistic flight simulator.

他們對(duì)一名受訓(xùn)飛行員大腦中的電信號(hào)進(jìn)行研究，然后當(dāng)受試新人飛行員在飛行模擬器中駕駛飛機(jī)時(shí)將這些數(shù)據(jù)傳送到他們的大腦。

The study, published in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, found that subjects who received brain stimulation via electrode-embedded head caps improved their piloting abilities and learnt the task 33 percent better than a placebo group.

這份發(fā)表在《人類神經(jīng)科學(xué)前沿》上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，用嵌入電極的帽子進(jìn)行大腦刺激之后，新手飛行員的技術(shù)便可得以提升，且比對(duì)照組的任務(wù)學(xué)習(xí)能力高33%。

"Our system is one of the first of its kind. It's a brain stimulation system," explained Dr Matthew Phillips.

馬修•菲利浦博士稱：“我們研發(fā)的系統(tǒng)是一種大腦刺激系統(tǒng)，是該類型系統(tǒng)的首創(chuàng)成果之一。”

"It sounds kind of sci-fi, but there's large scientific basis for the development of our system."

“這聽起來有點(diǎn)像科幻小說，但是我們的系統(tǒng)有著堅(jiān)實(shí)的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。”

"The specific task we were looking at was piloting an aircraft, which requires a synergy of both cognitive and motor performance.

“我們所測試的特殊任務(wù)是駕駛一架飛機(jī)，這需要認(rèn)知和操控的共同協(xié)調(diào)。”

"When you learn something, your brain physically changes. Connections are made and strengthened in a process called neuro-plasticity.

“當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)的時(shí)候，大腦就會(huì)發(fā)生生理上的變化，神經(jīng)連接就會(huì)在所謂的神經(jīng)可塑性過程建立并得到強(qiáng)化。”

"It turns out that certain functions of the brain, like speech and memory, are located in very specific regions of the brain, about the size of your pinky."

“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦的某些功能，比如說語言和記憶，位于大腦特定的區(qū)域，大約只有小指頭大小。”

Dr Matthew believes that brain stimulation could eventually be implemented for tasks like learning to drive, exam preparation and language learning.

馬修認(rèn)為，人類最終有可能將這種大腦刺激方式應(yīng)用到駕駛員培訓(xùn)、備考和語言學(xué)習(xí)中。

"What our system does is it actually targets those changes to specific regions of the brain as you learn," he added.

他還稱：“這一系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上針對(duì)的是學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)大腦特定區(qū)域的變化。”

"The method itself is actually quite old. In fact, the ancient Egyptians 4000 years ago used electric fish to stimulate and reduce pain.

“事實(shí)上這是一種相當(dāng)古老的方法，早在4000年前，古埃及人就通過電魚來刺激和減少疼痛。”

"Even Ben Franklin applied currents to his head, but the rigorous, scientific investigation of these methods started in the early 2000s and we're building on that research to target and personalise a stimulation in the most effective way possible.

“本•富蘭克林也曾經(jīng)將這種電刺激用于自己的頭上，但是真正對(duì)該方法進(jìn)行科學(xué)探索始于21世紀(jì)初期，我們研究的目標(biāo)就是用盡可能有效的方式使這種刺激的受眾更明確、更個(gè)性化。”

"What we found is … brain stimulation seems to be particularly effective at actually improving learning."

“我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)……大腦刺激似乎在提高學(xué)習(xí)能力方面特別有效。”