如何做個(gè)好翻譯

　　美國(guó)蒙特雷國(guó)際研究生院(Monterey Institute of International Studies)是美國(guó)翻譯及傳譯專業(yè)No.1的學(xué)校，以下十條便是蒙特雷校方給翻譯專業(yè)新生的建議。有志于走上翻譯道路的同學(xué)們，來(lái)看看如何成為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的譯員吧。

　　1. Read extensively, especially in your non-native language(s).

　　1.多讀書(shū)，尤其要讀外語(yǔ)作品。

　　Read high quality newspapers (e.g. the New York Times, Wall Street Journal) EVERY DAY for at least a year.

　　每天讀高質(zhì)量的報(bào)紙(如《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》等)，堅(jiān)持至少一年。

　　Read high quality news magazines (e.g. the Economist), cover to cover.

　　讀高質(zhì)量的雜志(如《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》等)，從封面到封底，每一頁(yè)都要讀。

　　Read your favorite topics in your non-native language(s).

　　閱讀關(guān)于你感興趣的主題的外語(yǔ)作品。

　　Read other well-written material that will help broaden your general knowledge.

　　閱讀其他高質(zhì)量的，有助于拓寬視野的材料。

　　2. Watch the TV news and listen to radio news and podcasts on current events in all workinglanguages.

　　2.多關(guān)注電視和廣播里的各語(yǔ)種時(shí)事報(bào)導(dǎo)。

　　Don't just listen to news stories; analyze them.

　　不要只把新聞當(dāng)故事聽(tīng)，要分析新聞。

　　Keep abreast of current events and issues.

　　與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，跟上時(shí)事的步伐。

　　Record news programs and interviews so you can listen to them later.

　　把新聞節(jié)目和采訪錄下來(lái)，以便回顧。

　　3. Strengthen your general knowledge of economics, history, the law, international politics, and scientific concepts and principles (in that order).

　　3.加強(qiáng)你在經(jīng)濟(jì)、歷史、法律、國(guó)際政治和科學(xué)方面的知識(shí)，了解一些基本的概念和原理。

　　Take college-level courses, review high school texts, etc.

　　可以通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)課程或復(fù)習(xí)高中課本來(lái)達(dá)到這一點(diǎn)。

　　Strengthen your knowledge in a specialized field (preferably in a technical field, such as computers).

　　加強(qiáng)你在某個(gè)特定領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)(最好是某個(gè)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，如計(jì)算機(jī)等)。

　　4. Live in a country where your non-native language is spoken.

　　4.在通用語(yǔ)言是你所學(xué)外語(yǔ)的國(guó)家住上一段時(shí)間。

　　A stay of at least six months to a year is recommended.

　　推薦至少住上半年到一年。

　　Live with and/or frequently interact with native speakers of your non-native language.

　　和以你所學(xué)外語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人住在一起或保持互動(dòng)。

　　Take content-related courses (e.g. macroeconomics, political science) in your non-native language (not just pure language courses).

　　參加一些外語(yǔ)教授的課程(如宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，政治科學(xué)等，而不是單純的語(yǔ)言課程)。

　　Work in a setting that requires high level use of your non-native language.

　　在對(duì)你的外語(yǔ)水平要求較高的環(huán)境里工作。

　　5. Fine-tune your writing and research skills.

　　5.提升你的寫(xiě)作和研究技能。

　　Take challenging composition courses (not just creative writing courses, but classes in journalism, technical writing, etc.) so you can “speak” journalese, UNese, legalese, etc.

　　參加有挑戰(zhàn)性的寫(xiě)作課程(不僅僅是創(chuàng)意寫(xiě)作課，而是新聞寫(xiě)作、科技文章寫(xiě)作之類的課程)，如此你方能熟悉“新聞體”、“聯(lián)合國(guó)體”、“法律體”等等寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格。

　　Copy (by hand) sections of textbooks and periodicals in your non-native language(s).

　　抄寫(xiě)外語(yǔ)課本和期刊段落。

　　Make a note of unfamiliar or troublesome grammatical points and work towards mastering them.

　　把不常用或者易出錯(cuò)的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)一一記下來(lái)，努力掌握它們。

　　Practice proofreading.

　　多做改錯(cuò)練習(xí)。

　　6. Improve your public speaking skills.

　　6.提升你的公共演講技能。

　　Take rigorous speech courses.

　　參加嚴(yán)格的演講課程。

　　Practice writing and making presentations in front of other people in both your native and foreign language(s). (Have native speakers of your non-native language edit your speeches.)

　　多練習(xí)寫(xiě)講稿和在其他人面前做演講，既要用母語(yǔ)練也要用外語(yǔ)練。(最好讓以你所學(xué)外語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人來(lái)修改你的講稿。)

　　7. Hone your analytical skills.

　　7.磨練你的分析技能。

　　Practice listening to speeches and orally summarizing the main points.

　　練習(xí)口頭總結(jié)出聽(tīng)到的演講的中心思想。

　　Practice writing summaries of news articles.

　　練習(xí)寫(xiě)新聞報(bào)道的摘要。

　　Practice deciphering difficult texts (e.g. philosophy, law, etc.).

　　練習(xí)闡釋難懂的文章(如哲學(xué)文章、法律文章等)。

　　Practice explaining complicated concepts understandably.

　　練習(xí)把復(fù)雜的概念解釋清楚。

　　Identify resources for background research (e.g. library, Internet, etc.).

　　為背景研究?jī)?chǔ)備資源(包括圖書(shū)館、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等等)。

　　8. Become computer savvy.

　　8.通曉電腦。

　　Familiarize yourself with navigation and file management under current Windows operating systems.

　　熟悉如何在Windows操作系統(tǒng)下導(dǎo)航和管理文件。

　　Develop an understanding of the features Windows offers for multilingual processing, such as language-specific keyboard layouts, regional settings for units of measurement.

　　了解Windows系統(tǒng)多語(yǔ)種進(jìn)程的特點(diǎn)，比如特定語(yǔ)言的鍵盤布局，地區(qū)性設(shè)置的方法等等。

　　Learn to use advanced functions of Word, Excel, and other Microsoft Office applications in both your native and non-native languages.

　　熟悉Word，Excel和其他辦公軟件的母語(yǔ)版本以及外語(yǔ)版本。

　　Become an expert in search engines and online research by using these tools on a daily basis.

　　通過(guò)日常的頻繁使用，熟悉搜索引擎和網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源搜索。

　　9. Learn how to take care of yourself.

　　9.學(xué)會(huì)照顧自己。

　　Eat sensibly, exercise regularly, and get sufficient sleep. These are all habits required of a good translator/interpreter.

　　合理飲食，經(jīng)常鍛煉，睡眠充足。這是成為優(yōu)秀的譯員所必需的習(xí)慣。

　　10. Be prepared for lifelong learning.

　　10.活到老，學(xué)到老。

　　Be patient. Bringing your language skills and analytical skills up to the level required of a professional translator or interpreter is not a task that can be accomplished in a few short years. Only with a lot of sustained hard work can anyone truly succeed in these challenging and exciting fields.

　　要有耐心。將自己的語(yǔ)言和分析能力提升到職業(yè)譯員所需要的水平不是一朝一夕的事。只用通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期不懈的努力，才能在這個(gè)充滿挑戰(zhàn)和刺激的領(lǐng)域取得成功。