a. 在不及物動詞后面增加名詞
英語中有些動詞有時作及物動詞,有時用作不及物動詞;當它作不及物動詞時,賓語實際上是隱含在動詞后面的,譯成漢語時往往需要把它表達出來。例如to wash before meal 是“飯前洗手”,如果不譯出隱含的賓語“手”,譯文“飯前洗一洗”的意思就不明確。
Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.
瑪麗在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠洗衣服維持生活。
First you borrow, then you beg.
頭一遭借錢,下一遭討飯。
Day after day he came to his work --- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.
他每天來干活——掃地、擦地板、收拾房間。
Then Lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine, "See, save and serve! Hannigan, free tour to all the ports in the world. A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without charge ... You mustn't let such a golden opportunity slip by."
于是,格拉布上尉開始說起招兵的老一套了:“見見世面,攢點錢,為國家出點力!漢尼根,免費周游世界上所有的港口。一艘上好的船為家,一天三餐不要錢。……你千萬不要錯過這樣大好的機會呀!”