(4)世紀之交,中國外交空前活躍。
a. The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena.
b. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities.
該例句曾在“主語的確定”部分講解過。兩個譯文的主、謂語各不相同,句式結(jié)構(gòu)也迥異。譯文a以The turn (of the century)為主語,選擇了finds(原句中不存在)作謂語與之搭配,生成了一個表意準確而又合乎英語習(xí)慣的句子。這是因為,譯者熟悉動詞find的用法之一:a time or event finds sb. or sth. in a particular situation or doing a particular thing (Collins COBUILD English Dictionary),安排在此,正好能傳達漢語原文的意義。而譯文b亦步亦趨地緊隨漢語原文,以China為主語,再按照語法要求,選擇了連系動詞is(原文中亦無對應(yīng)表達)加表語very active作謂語。譯文b雖然也表意忠實且合乎英語語法,但不及譯文a自然地道。
(5)(聽說你明天開張,)也許用的著,特意給你送來了。
a. (I hear that you're opening tomorrow.) You may have some use for these things, so I took them along.
b. (I hear that you're opening tomorrow.) Thought these might come in handy, so I brought them along.
(6)現(xiàn)在,連我們也欠餉啊!
a. Nowadays even our monthly pay is often in arrears.
b. Nowadays even we aren't always paid on time.
例5和例6情況類似。兩譯文謂語不同,是由于主語選擇有別,表意方面沒有大的差異,也都合乎語法規(guī)則,但譯文b似乎更地道簡潔,更貼近原文口語體的色彩。