異類之不一樣的成功啟示錄 第67期:貧富家庭的教育區(qū)別

The wealthier parents raised their parents one way, and the poorer parents raised their kids another way.

富有家庭有一套養(yǎng)育孩子的體系，貧困家庭也有另一套養(yǎng)育孩子的體系。

The wealthy parents will heavily involved in their children's free time, shuttling them from one activity to the next. quizzing them about their coaches and teammates.

富有家庭的父母普遍干涉孩子的自由時(shí)間，讓孩子參加各式各樣的活動(dòng)，他們沒完沒了地為孩子打聽老師、教練、隊(duì)友的情況。

One of the well-off children Lareau followed played on a baseball team, two soccer teams, a swimming team, and a basketball team in the summer, played in an orchestra and took piano lessons.

拉里奧曾跟隨過一個(gè)富有家庭的孩子，這個(gè)孩子一個(gè)夏天就參加了一支棒球隊(duì)、兩支足球隊(duì)、一支游泳隊(duì)和一支籃球隊(duì)，此外，他還參加了一支管弦樂隊(duì)，并且學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。

That kind of intensive scheduling was almost entirely absent from the lives of the poor children.

這些緊湊的活動(dòng)安排，對貧困家庭的孩子來說完全是不可能的。

Play for them wasn't soccer practice twice a week.

他們的游戲不是一周兩次的足球培訓(xùn)，

It was making up games outside with their siblings and other kids in the neighborhood.

而是與自己的兄弟姐妹或者是鄰居的小孩在外面一塊玩耍。

What a child did was considered by his or her parents as something separate from the adult world and not particularly consequential.

孩子們和他們的父母都認(rèn)為，孩子們做的一切都不屬于成年人的世界，兩者之間沒有什么顯著的聯(lián)系。

One girl from a working-class family, Katie Brindle, sang in a choir after school.

一個(gè)來自勞動(dòng)階層的女孩——卡蒂·布琳德爾——放學(xué)之后就到唱詩班唱歌，

But she signed up for it herself and walked to choir practice on her own.

但她是自愿加入并且自己選擇步行到唱詩班練習(xí)。

Lareau writes: What Mrs Brindle doesn't do that is routine for middle-class mothers is view her daughter's interest in singing as a signal to look for other ways to help her develop that interest into a formal talent.

拉里奧寫道：與中產(chǎn)階層的母親們不同的是，布琳德爾夫人并沒有因?yàn)榕畠合矚g唱歌的愛好就想盡一切辦法進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)她的興趣，進(jìn)一步挖掘女兒表現(xiàn)出來的稟賦。

Similarly Mrs Brindle does not discuss Katie's interest in drama or express regret that she cannot afford to cultivate her daughter's talent.

布琳德爾夫人并沒有特別在意卡蒂對戲劇表演的興趣，也沒有因?yàn)樽约簺]能力培養(yǎng)她在這方面的才華而懊惱。

Instead she frames Katie's skills and interests as character traits, singing and acting are part of what makes Katie "Katie"

相反，她認(rèn)為卡蒂的才能和興趣只是她的個(gè)性而已——一個(gè)不唱歌不表演的“卡蒂”就不是真正的卡蒂了。

She sees the shows her daughter puts on as "cute," as a way for Katie to "get attention."

她覺得女兒只是在向別人展示一個(gè)“聰明伶俐”的自己，這只是卡蒂“吸引別人注意”的一種方法。

The middle-class parents would take things through with their children.

中產(chǎn)階層的父母喜歡對孩子刨根究底，每一件事都要問清楚來龍去脈。

Reasoning with them.

當(dāng)然了。

They didn't just issue commands.

他們不僅僅喜歡自己發(fā)號施令，

They expected their children to talk back to them, to negotiate, to question adults in positions of authority.

也希望他們的孩子能夠拿出自己的威信，敢和父母頂嘴，能和別人談判，能質(zhì)疑成年人。

If their children were doing poorly, the wealthier parents challenged teachers, they intervened them on behalf of their kids.

一旦他們的孩子在學(xué)校的境況不如意，富有階層的父母就會(huì)到學(xué)校責(zé)問孩子的老師，他們覺得自己需要為孩子爭取權(quán)益。

One child Lareau follows just misses qualifying for a gifted program.

拉里奧跟蹤過一個(gè)孩子，因?yàn)闆]達(dá)到學(xué)校特長班的招生資格，

Her mother arranges for her to be retested privately, petitions at school and gets her daughter admitted.

她的母親于是請求學(xué)校，為她專門再次組織了一個(gè)私人測試，她的女兒最終進(jìn)入了特長班。