https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9237/62.mp3
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強調(diào)語氣的作用是使某個觀點或意思更加突出,增強感染力,給人留下更深刻的印象。人們在說話時通常借助提高話音、放慢語速、說話簡練或打手勢等方式來突出重點,強調(diào)主要的意思。為了達到更好的表達效果,我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會如何在說話中使用強調(diào)語氣來突出主要的意思,增強感染力。
把主要的意思放在句首或句末,尤其是句末,這是最容易引起讀者注意力的地方
1 Education remains the most important single means of economic advancement, in spite of all itsshortcomings.
2 In spite of all its shortcomings, education remains the most important single means of economicadvancement.
3 Education remains, in spite of all its shortcomings, the most important single means of economicadvancement.
以上三句話用詞完全相同,但是詞序的變化引起讀者對三句話不同的理解。第一句話把in spite of all itsshortcomings放在句末,強調(diào)的是教育的缺憾,淡化了教育的重要性;第二句話把in spite of all itsshortcomings放在句首,強調(diào)了教育的缺憾,但是把教育的重要性放在句末,更加突出了教育的重要性。第三句話把in spite of all its shortcomings放在句中,淡化了教育的缺憾,把教育和教育的重要性分別放在句首和句末,突出了二者的重要性。
偶爾使用掉尾句(the periodic sentence)來代替累加句(the loose sentence)
1The jury found him guilty, though his lawyer defended him eloquently.
2 Though his lawyer defended him eloquently, the jury found him guilty.
1句是累加句,主要意思(主句)在前,次要意思(從句)在后,但是把次要意思放在句末,容易給讀者造成強調(diào)次要意思的印象。2句是掉尾句,次要意思(從句)在前,主要意思(主句)在后,突出了主要意思,符合句子的原意,即主要意思用主句表達,次要意思用從句表達。
表達并列的意思時,根據(jù)意思的重要性由低到高依次排列,由此來強調(diào)最重要的意思
1 Urban life is unhealthy, morally corrupt, and fundamentally inhuman.
2 The storm knocked down many trees in town, ripped the roofs off several buildings, and killed tenpeople.
3 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.
以上三句話中,并列成分按重要性從低到高排列。句1中,unhealthy, corrupt和inhuman三個詞程度越來越嚴重地描述了城市生活,并強調(diào)了城市生活非人性的一面。句2描述了暴風雨造成的損害:刮倒了許多樹,刮跑了幾個房頂,十人喪生。顯然損害程度越來越強,給人們造成的影響越來越嚴重。句3反映了西方人心目中獲得healthy, wealthy和wise的難易程度,healthy最易獲得,wise最難獲得,也最重要。