lesson 60 The future
At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money,she looked into a crystal ball and said: 'A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.'
As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 'Where have you been hiding ?' she asked impatiently. 'Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.' As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
future n. 未來,前途
fair n. 集市
fortune-teller n. 算命人
crystal n. 水晶
relation n. 親屬
impatiently adv. 不耐煩地
參考譯文
在一個鄉(xiāng)村集市上,我決定去拜訪一位稱作別林斯夫人的算命人。我走進(jìn)她的帳篷,她叫我坐下。我給了她一些錢后,她便查看著一個水晶球說道:“您的一個親戚就要來看您了。她將于今天傍晚到達(dá),并準(zhǔn)備住上幾天。您一走出這個帳篷,就會大吃一驚。一位您很熟悉的女人將向您沖來。她會對您說點什么,然后帶您離開這個地方。就是這些。”
我一走出帳篷,就把別林斯基夫人給算卦的事忘得一干二凈了,因為我的妻子正匆匆向我跑來。“你躲到哪兒去了?”她不耐煩地問,“再有不到一個小時你姐姐就要到這兒了,我們得去車站接她?,F(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)晚了。”當(dāng)她走開時,我也跟著她出了集市。
自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀
1.A relation of yours is coming to see you.您的一個親戚就要來看您了。
(1)a relation of yours為名詞的雙重所有格(cf.第10課語法):
a friend of my father's 我父親的一位朋友
a friend of mine 我的一個朋友
(2)句子中的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時并不表示目前正在進(jìn)行的動作,而表示將要發(fā)生的事情。(cf.本課語法)
2.The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise.您一走出這個帳篷,就會大吃一驚。
連詞 the moment (that)與 as soon as含義一樣,表示“一……就”:
I'll phone you the moment I get the letter.
我一拿到信就給你打電話。
在這個連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時。(cf.本課語法)
3.That is all.就是這些。
這是口語中常用的一句話,表示“完了”、“就這些”、“事情就是這樣”等含義:
He borrowed some money from me. That's all.
他向我借了些錢,僅此而已。
4.…If forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me.……就把別林斯基夫人給我算卦的事忘得一干二凈了,因為我的妻子正匆匆向我跑來。
與that is all中的 all一樣,這句話中的all也是代詞,表示“一切”、“全部”、“所有的事”,注意作主語時它被視為單數(shù):
All I can remember is her name.
我所記得的只是她的名字。
hurry towards sb. 表示“向某人匆匆走去”。
5.…we must be at the station to meet her.……我們得去車站接她。
(1)must be表示用現(xiàn)在時代指將來的狀況,即他姐姐到時他們得在車站接她。這句話也可以變成we must go to the station to meet her,意義不變。
(2)to meet her為表示目的的不定式。(cf.第 59課語法)
語法 Grammar in use
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將要發(fā)生的事情
在第12課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了一般將來時的基本形式:
We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him. He will he away for two months.
我們將參觀他的船,然后和他告別。他要離開兩個月。
在第36課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了將來時going to用來預(yù)言將發(fā)生的事,尤其是不久即將發(fā)生的事。它在非正式語體中可表示意圖、打算等:
Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow.
黛比·哈特準(zhǔn)備明天橫渡英吉利海峽。
在英語中,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時也可以用來表示為將來安排好的活動和事件。這種用法通常需要一個表示時間的狀語(往往是不久的將來):
We're spending next winter in Australia.
我們將要在澳大利亞度過明年冬天。
arrive, come, go, leave等動詞的進(jìn)行式經(jīng)常有這種用法,表示行程安排有關(guān)的“將到達(dá)”、“將離去”等意思:
A relation of yours is coming to see you.
您的一個親戚就要來看您了。
He's arriving this evening.
他將于今天傍晚到達(dá)。
He's leaving tomorrow afternoon.
他明天下午離開。
2.將來時在時間狀語從句及第1類條件句中的表示方法
當(dāng)時間狀語從句表示將來時,在 after, as soon as, before, by the time, the moment, till, until和when等后面我們通常不用一般將來時而用一般現(xiàn)在時;不用將來完成時而用現(xiàn)在完成時。這兩種現(xiàn)在時態(tài)在時間連詞后面常??梢曰Q:
The Thompsons will move to a new flat when their baby is/has been born.
孩子出生以后,湯普森一家將搬到一個新的公寓去住。
在第1類條件句中,if之后通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來可能發(fā)生的事:
If it rains, we'll stay at home.
如果下雨,我們將呆在家里。
If he gets the job, he'll be going abroad.
如果他得到那個工作,他就要到國外去。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.由名詞+名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞
課文中,the village fair(鄉(xiāng)村集市)是由兩個名詞形成的復(fù)合名詞。在這類名詞中,第1個名詞通常起形容詞(或修飾語)的作用,而且一般都用單數(shù)。這類復(fù)合名詞可以代替of結(jié)構(gòu),如a car key(汽車鑰匙),a chair leg(椅子腿);也可以理解為第1個詞指地點,第2個詞指該地點中的東西,如a village pub(鄉(xiāng)村酒吧),a world record(世界紀(jì)錄), a kitchen sink(廚房洗滌槽);也可以表示時間,如 a Christmas card(圣誕卡),an evening dress (晚禮服),afternoon tea(下午茶);也可以表示分類,如a horror film(恐怖電影),a flower shop(花店),a taxi-driver(出租車司機(jī));也可以表示材料,如a fur coat(裘皮大衣),a gold watch(金表),cigarette ends(香煙頭)。
2.relation n.
(1)(事物間的)關(guān)系,關(guān)聯(lián)(不可數(shù)):
I know little about the relation of/between time and space.
對于時間與空間之間的關(guān)系我知之甚少。
Is there any relation between the hot snake and the forest fire?
在那帶電的蛇與森林火災(zāi)之間有什么關(guān)聯(lián)嗎?
(2)(國家、人民等之間的)關(guān)系,往來(可數(shù)):
Friendly relations have been developed between the two cities.
這兩座城市建立了友好往來。
They have broken relations with that firm.
他們與那家公司已斷絕關(guān)系/往來。
(3)親戚,親屬(可數(shù)):
Dan is a relation of mine.
丹是我的一個親戚。
A near relation of yours is coming to see you.
你的一個近親將要來看你。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
A is coming (1. 4); will be arriving (1. 4); The moment you leave…will get (11.5-6); will rush (11.6-7); will speak (1.7); will lead (1.7); will be here (1.10)
C is setting out/will set out; will send; receive; receive; will try; locate; will fire; will carry; will pour; will be sent
2.難點練習(xí)答案
1 Our school dining room 2 ghost story
3 birthday present 4 the village inn
5 The party leader 6 the front door key
7 Christmas card 8 garden gate
3.多項選擇題答案
1 b 2 a 3 c 4 b 5 c 6 b
7 a 8 b 9 a 10 c 11 a 12 d