商務管理之 項目管理　Project Management

商務管理之 項目管理　Project Management

項目的范圍（range in scope）可大可小，但都需要確保每一步的發(fā)展準時并到位（correctly and on time）。一個成功的項目經(jīng)理必須懂得如何調(diào)動人員、時間、資金，以及大量（a host of）其他資源。

預先規(guī)劃（Preplanning）

確認項目范圍（scope）。確定對項目的目標有清晰的認識，了解項目實施需要哪些資源。

⊙What is our objective?

我們的目標是什么？

⊙Where are we going with this project?

這個項目的方向是什么？

⊙What are we trying to accomplish?

我們要完成什么目標？

⊙The purpose of our work on this is to……

我們在這方面的工作目標是……

⊙We can fulfill our goals by……

我們可以通過……來實現(xiàn)我們的目標。

⊙What we're trying to do is……

我們正努力做的是……

⊙If we want to accomplish our goals, we will need……

如果我們想實現(xiàn)目標，我們就得……

⊙Your budget for this project cannot exceed$100，000.

你在這個項目上的預算不能超過10萬美元。

組織

將整體計劃分割（break it up）為若干部分（smaller components）。對每個部分的行動提出具體計劃、所需資源以及預計時間。

⊙First, we have to……which will require……

首先，我們必須……因此需要……

⊙The first phase of our project includes……

我們項目的第一階段包括……

⊙In the following phase, we will need to……

在緊接下來的階段，我們需要……

時間表（Timelines）

將實施計劃的整個過程劃分成不同的時間界限（milestones），以保證準時完成。時間表將檢測（monitoring the progress）項目進度。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)落后（fall behind）于時間表，就應當立即確認哪些方面需要特別關(guān)注，這樣才能保證整個計劃回到軌道上（back on track）。

⊙Our project has a final deadline at the end of the month.

我們項目的最后期限是本月底。

⊙We've reached our first milestone of raising$40，000.

我們已經(jīng)達到了增長4萬美元的第一個里程碑。

⊙We need to spend more time on……or else we won't make our deadlines.

我們必須在……上投入更多的時間，否則就趕不上工期了。

代表（delegate）

為了保證項目被高效地執(zhí)行，有必要選出下屬或分包商（subordinates or sub-contractors）。按照項目時間表分配任務，并根據(jù)反饋情況（feedback）來監(jiān)督其任務完成情況。

⊙Can you please do some research on possible vendors for our new product line?I need you to find at least 25 potentials, and get their information to me by Monday.

你能否就我們新產(chǎn)品的潛在商戶做些調(diào)研？我需要你至少找出25個潛在客戶，在周一前把他們的信息發(fā)給我。

⊙The list you gave me is incomplete.Can you please check your data and get back to me with complete information?

你給我的單子（內(nèi)容）不全。你能檢查一下數(shù)據(jù)，提供一份更完整的數(shù)據(jù)信息嗎？

進程報告

定期（regular intervals）向上級報告項目進程。如果在項目進展過程中遇到任何問題，都應當立即（immediately）報告。

A：How is the project coming?

B：We've already moved past the research and design stage.

A：項目進展得怎么樣？

B：我已經(jīng)完成了調(diào)研和設(shè)計階段。

⊙How's the project going?

項目進展如何？

⊙Can you please complete the tasks I assigned you before next week?

你能否在下周前完成所有我指定的工作？

⊙I have a few details to work out.

我還有一些細節(jié)需要落實。

總結(jié)

項目管理首先需要高瞻遠矚，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，使得項目進展有條不紊。其次要有效分工，責任到人。通過不斷的反饋來洞察項目發(fā)展進程，直到實現(xiàn)目標。

Words　單詞表

accomplish完成，實現(xiàn)

consumer消費者，顧客

distribution分布，分銷

milestone里程碑，轉(zhuǎn)折點

phase階段，狀態(tài)

potential潛在的

preliminary初步的，初始的

research研究

stage階段

strategy戰(zhàn)略，策略

survey調(diào)查，測量

vendor賣主，商戶

Phrases　短語表

business plan業(yè)務/商業(yè)計劃

customer loyalty客戶信賴，客戶忠誠度

develop a market發(fā)展一個市場

exceed expectation超出預期

get moving（on sth）趕快開始（某事），立即投入

get sth off the ground某事進展順利，突破

focus on集中，關(guān)注于

follow-thru順勢，后續(xù)

grow a brand品牌成長

make a deadline趕上/滿足時限

marketing research市場調(diào)研

move past走過了，完成了

penetrate a market滲入/進入市場

positive response積極回應，反映良好

put effort into sth致力于某事

quality product高品質(zhì)產(chǎn)品

sales pitch銷售廣告

so far迄今為止

steady profit穩(wěn)定的利潤

strong brand強勢品牌

work out解決，制定

實景對話1

A：How is the project going?

B：We've already moved past the research and design stage. Preliminary marketing surveys show a positive response to the new product lines by consumers. Right now we're focusing on increasing our distribution by identifying potential new venders.

A：Where are we going with this project?What are we trying to accomplish?

B：The purpose of our work on this is to grow our brand. What we're trying to do is to develop and market quality products in a way that can build customer loyalty and thus a strong brand. A strong brand means steady profit.

A：Sounds like a strong business plan.

B：Well, so far we're exceeding expectations. If we want to accomplish our goals, we will need to follow-thru with a strong marketing strategy. The first phase of our project includes product development.But if we can't get a successful marketing strategy off the ground, it doesn't help no matter how good the products are.

A：So how's the marketing plan going?

B：I have a few details to work out, but we've reached our first milestone of penetrating 500 new markets.

A：項目進展得怎么樣？

B：我已經(jīng)完成了調(diào)研和設(shè)計階段。初期的市場調(diào)查表明消費者對新產(chǎn)品反映良好。目前我們正集中精力通過發(fā)掘潛在的新商戶來擴大分銷。

A：這個項目的發(fā)展方向是什么？我們要實現(xiàn)什么目標？

B：我們的目標是促進品牌成長。我們正在努力開發(fā)和促銷高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品，這樣才能建立客戶忠誠度和強勢品牌。過硬的品牌意味著穩(wěn)定的利潤。

A：聽上去是一個強大的商業(yè)計劃。

B：到目前為止已經(jīng)超出我們的預期。如果我們想實現(xiàn)目標，后續(xù)就得有強有力的營銷戰(zhàn)略。項目的第一個階段包含產(chǎn)品開發(fā)。但是如果不能執(zhí)行成功的營銷戰(zhàn)略，那產(chǎn)品再好也沒用。

A：營銷計劃進展如何了？

B：還有些細節(jié)需要落實，但是我們已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了滲透到500個新市場的第一個里程碑。

實景對話2

A：Jordan, the list you gave me is incomplete. Can you please check your data and get back to me with complete information?

B：Oh, yeah……sorry about that. I'll check on it right away.

A：Can you please do some research on possible vendors for our new product line?I need you to find at least 25 potentials, and get their information to me by Monday.

B：Okay, I think I can get it to you by then.

A：It's important that you do, our project has a final deadline at the end of the month. We need to spend more time on developing our market, or else we won't make our deadlines.

B：What is our objective?To have 10 more distributors by the end of the month?

A：Yes, that's right. We can fulfill our goals by following through with all of the potential venders. First we have to find them, which will require some research.After we identify them, in the following phase, we will need to put effort into our sales pitch.

B：Yes, boss. No problem.

A：Easy to say. But I need you to get moving on this.Time is of the essence.

Can you please complete the tasks I assigned you before next week?

A：Jordan，你給我的清單內(nèi)容不全。能否請你檢查一下數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)給我份完整的？

B：哦，好……不好意思。我馬上檢查。

A：你能否就新產(chǎn)品的潛在商戶做些調(diào)研？我需要你至少找出25個潛在客戶，在周一之前把他們的信息發(fā)給我。

B：我想我那個時候可以給你。

A：你做的事很重要，因為我們這個項目的截止時間是本月底。我們需要花更多的時間來開發(fā)市場，否則我們就趕不上最后期限了。

B：我們的目標是什么？到月底前再找10個分銷商嗎？

A：對的。我們只有開發(fā)出所有潛在商戶才能實現(xiàn)目標。我們必須找到他們，這需要很多的調(diào)研工作。找到后我們需要努力宣傳推銷。

B：是的，頭兒，沒問題的。

A：說起來容易，我要你立即投入這個工作。時間至關(guān)重要。你能不能在下周前完成所有我指定的工作？