口語進(jìn)階-敘事口語材料：達(dá)爾文的生平02
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原文及翻譯
What Darwin realized was that certain characteristics could help an animal or a plant to survive and reproduce. Individuals that lacked those characteristics would become more likely to die without reproducing.
達(dá)爾文意識(shí)到，某些特征可以幫助動(dòng)物或植物生存和繁殖。缺乏這些特征的個(gè)體更有可能死亡而無法繁殖。
Over many generations, the useful characteristics would then become more and more common as the surviving individuals pass the characteristics onto their offspring. Eventually, after many generations, the changes would be so great that a new species would exist.
經(jīng)過許多代，這些有用的特征將變得越來越普遍，因?yàn)樾掖娴膫€(gè)體將這些特征傳遞給了后代。最終，經(jīng)過許多代，變化將如此之大，以至于出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新的物種。
In this way, a single species could divide into two or more new ones. This was called the process of evolution by natural selection.
這樣，一個(gè)物種就可以分成兩個(gè)或多個(gè)新物種。這被稱為自然選擇進(jìn)化的過程。
When Darwin returned to England, he studied plants and animals in more detail. After much research, he began writing a book about his theory of evolution by natural selection. When the book, "The Origin of Species," was published in 1859, it was very popular and very controversial.
達(dá)爾文回到英國后，對(duì)植物和動(dòng)物進(jìn)行了更詳細(xì)的研究。經(jīng)過大量研究，他開始寫一本關(guān)于自然選擇進(jìn)化理論的書?！段锓N起源》于 1859 年出版，非常受歡迎，也引起了很大爭(zhēng)議。
During the next 20 years, Darwin continued his scientific research and he wrote several more books. By the time of his death in 1882, many biologists had realized that Darwin had made one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time. For the first time, scientists could understand the origin of the many different species of plants and animals.
在接下來的 20 年里，達(dá)爾文繼續(xù)他的科學(xué)研究，并寫了幾本書。到 1882 年他去世時(shí)，許多生物學(xué)家已經(jīng)意識(shí)到達(dá)爾文做出了有史以來最重要的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。科學(xué)家首次能夠了解眾多不同種類植物和動(dòng)物的起源。
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