PISA2018測(cè)試結(jié)果正式發(fā)布 我國(guó)四省市學(xué)生3項(xiàng)科目均排第一

近日，經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織(OECD)公布了2018年國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目(PISA2018)測(cè)試結(jié)果。

2018年3月23日，一名小學(xué)生在廣西南寧的青少年科技創(chuàng)新大賽上展示她的作品。(圖片來源：新華社)

The latest 2018 Program for International Student Assessment, hosted every three years by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, found that 15-year-olds in Beijing, Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang ranked No 1 in all three core subjects of reading, science and mathematics.

2018年國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目(PISA2018)測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示，我國(guó)北京、上海、江蘇、浙江四省市15歲學(xué)生在閱讀、科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)三個(gè)核心科目中排名第一。國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目(PISA2018)測(cè)試由經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織(OECD)發(fā)起組織，每三年進(jìn)行一次。

They are followed by students from Singapore and China's two special administrative regions -- Macao and Hong Kong. The top OECD countries were Estonia, Canada, Finland, and Ireland.

排名緊隨其后的分別是來自新加坡、澳門以及香港特別行政區(qū)的學(xué)生。測(cè)試成績(jī)排名靠前的經(jīng)合組織成員國(guó)為愛沙尼亞、加拿大、芬蘭和愛爾蘭。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目(Program for International Student Assessment，PISA)是經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development，OECD)于2000年發(fā)起的對(duì)基礎(chǔ)教育進(jìn)行跨國(guó)家(地區(qū))、跨文化的評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目，目的是對(duì)15歲學(xué)生的閱讀、數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)素養(yǎng)和運(yùn)用知識(shí)解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題能力(measure students' ability to use their reading, mathematics and science knowledge and skills to meet real-life challenges)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，反映學(xué)生參與未來生活的能力。PISA參與成員主要是OECD成員國(guó)家(地區(qū))，吸收非成員國(guó)家(地區(qū))參加，每三年進(jìn)行一次，根據(jù)測(cè)評(píng)年份命名。

The OECD's PISA 2018 tested around 600,000 15-year-old students in 79 countries and regions on reading, science, and mathematics. The main focus was on reading, with most students doing the test on computers.

2018年國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目共測(cè)試了79個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)60萬名15歲學(xué)生的閱讀、科學(xué)及數(shù)學(xué)能力，其中閱讀為主要考查科目。大部分學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)上答題。

圖片來源：OECD官網(wǎng)

其他測(cè)試結(jié)果還包括：

In B-S-J-Z (China), socio-economically advantaged students outperformed disadvantaged students in reading by 82 score points in PISA 2018. This is not significantly different from the average difference between the two groups (89 score points) across OECD countries.

2018年國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目(PISA2018)測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示，我國(guó)四省市社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件較好的學(xué)生在閱讀方面的得分比經(jīng)濟(jì)條件較差學(xué)生高82分，經(jīng)合組織成員內(nèi)部這個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)平均差為89分，二者沒有明顯差異。

School principals in B-S-J-Z (China) reported more staff shortage and less material shortage than the OECD average; and school principals of disadvantaged schools more often reported staff shortage than principals of advantaged schools.

我國(guó)四省市校長(zhǎng)報(bào)告的師資短缺情況高于經(jīng)合組織平均值，報(bào)告的資源短缺情況低于經(jīng)合組織平均值。條件較差學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)報(bào)告的師資短缺問題多于條件好的學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)。

In B-S-J-Z (China), boys outperformed girls in mathematics by 11 score points. Across OECD countries, boys outperformed girls by five score points. While girls slightly outperformed boys in science (by two score points) on average across OECD countries in PISA 2018, in B-S-J-Z (China) boys outperformed girls in science by 12 score points.

我國(guó)四省市參與測(cè)試的學(xué)生中，男生的數(shù)學(xué)分?jǐn)?shù)比女生高11分，經(jīng)合組織成員國(guó)的男生則比女生高5分。在科學(xué)成績(jī)方面，經(jīng)合組織成員國(guó)的女生平均得分略高于男生(高出2分)，我國(guó)四省市則是男生比女生高出12分。

In almost every education system, girls expressed greater fear of failure than boys, and this gender gap was considerably wider amongst top-performing students.

在幾乎所有的參與測(cè)試的教育體系中，女生比男生更擔(dān)心失敗，在成績(jī)好的學(xué)生中尤其如此。

In B-S-J-Z (China), students spent 31.8 hours in the classroom on average, ranking fourth among all 79 countries and regions. The learning efficiency of students in B-S-J-Z (China) ranked 44th, 46th and 54th for reading, math and science, respectively, and the students' satisfaction about learning only ranked 61st.

我國(guó)四省市學(xué)生平均校內(nèi)課堂學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間為31.8小時(shí)/周，在參測(cè)國(guó)家(地區(qū))中排第4位。我國(guó)四省市學(xué)生的閱讀、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)效率在參測(cè)國(guó)家(地區(qū))中排名分列第44位、第46位、第54位。我國(guó)四省市學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)滿意度在參測(cè)國(guó)家(地區(qū))中排第61位。

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