常春藤解析英語(yǔ) 25 You're Into What?　戀物癖

You're Into What?　戀物癖

by Marcus Maurice

During the Tang Dynasty, girls as young as five had bandages wrappedund their feet to inhibit the growth to no longer than six inches. _(1)_ Later in their lives, women who had endured foot binding suffered from terrible infections or were unable to walk even short distances. Women with bound feet wore lotus shoes. These delicate shoes were embroidered by the woman and attested to the smallness of her feet. Many men became fascinated with these small-footed women. _(2)_

Fetishes have been around forever. However, it wasn't until the late 1800s that it was identified and named. _(3)_ Since then, people who have serious fetishes for strange things have been thought of as mentally ill. Most people with fetishes believe they have had them since they could remember, but some can trace it back to a certain date or event. Psychologists have varying theories about why some people develop fetishes, _(4)_.

To treat people with severe fetishes, doctors use cognitive therapy and psychoanalysis. The former focuses on suppressing the patient's present-day desires, _(5)_. Prescription drugs that limit the amount of testosterone in males and estrogen in females also help. These medications enable patients to ignore their fetish and regain control of their lives.

Fetishes are normal as long as they don't cross the line. When it rules a person's life and puts others in danger, professional help is the answer.

(A) As a result, bound feet and lotus shoes became a fetish for some men.

(B) while the latter tries to figure out what caused the problem during childhood

(C) In 1877, French psychologist Alfred Binet introduced the word fetish to the world meaning admiration of an inanimate object.

(D) but most believe that imprinting, an event during childhood that has stayed in the mind, is to blame

(E) This barbaric process became popular all over China because people believed that the smaller the foot, the more beautiful the girl.

1.第一題空格應(yīng)選 (E)

理由:

a.空格前提到唐朝時(shí)，女孩子五歲時(shí)就要開(kāi)始纏足，以抑制其生長(zhǎng)，因此推測(cè)空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說(shuō)明纏足對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的意義。

b.選項(xiàng)(E)說(shuō)這種野蠻行為風(fēng)行全中國(guó)，因?yàn)槿藗兿嘈拍_越小的女孩越漂亮，符合上述推論。而且空格前的 girls...had bandages wrapped around their feet to inhibit the growth(女孩……纏足以抑制其生長(zhǎng))與選項(xiàng)中的 the smaller the foot, the more beautiful the girl(腳越小的女孩越漂亮)形成關(guān)聯(lián)，可知為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a. barbaric a. 野蠻的

b. the + 比較級(jí)形容詞∕副詞..., the + 比較級(jí)形容詞∕副詞...　　 愈……，就愈……

例: The bigger the house is, the more time it takes to clean.

(房子越大，就得花越長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間打掃。)

2.第二題空格應(yīng)選 (A)

理由:

a.空格前提到纏足的女子穿著蓮花鞋(lotus shoes)，許多男性對(duì)這些裹小腳的女子(small-footed women)十分迷戀，因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說(shuō)明這個(gè)現(xiàn)象或進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。

b.選項(xiàng) (A) 說(shuō)小腳(bound feet)和蓮花鞋(lotus

shoes)因此成為某些男性迷戀的對(duì)象，符合上述推論，故選之。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a.as a result　　結(jié)果，因此

例: She's overweight. As a result, her health is poor and her love life is in trouble.

(她的體重過(guò)重;結(jié)果，她的健康出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，感情生活也亮起紅燈。)

b.bound a. 被束縛的(bind 的過(guò)去分詞作形容詞用)

c.lotus n. 蓮花

d.fetish n. 戀物;迷戀的物品

3.第三題空格應(yīng)選 (C)

理由:

a.空格前提到戀物行為一直都存在，但一直到十九世紀(jì)末期才被命名，由此推論，空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入關(guān)于這個(gè)專有名詞是由誰(shuí)發(fā)現(xiàn)或創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的。

b.選項(xiàng)(C)說(shuō)一位法國(guó)心理醫(yī)師在1877年首創(chuàng)『戀物癖』這個(gè)字，意思是對(duì)無(wú)生命物體的愛(ài)戀，與上述推論吻合，故選之。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a.psychologist n.心理學(xué)家

b.introduce A to B將 A 引進(jìn)∕介紹給 B

例: Our teacher introduced the new student to the class on the first day of school.

(我們老師在開(kāi)學(xué)第一天介紹新同學(xué)給班上認(rèn)識(shí)。)

c.admiration n. 愛(ài)慕

d.inanimate a. 無(wú)生命的

4.第四題空格應(yīng)選 (D)

理由:

a.空格前提到心理學(xué)家對(duì)戀物癖有眾多理論，推測(cè)空格內(nèi)應(yīng)與這些理論有關(guān)，而且空格前有逗點(diǎn)，可知應(yīng)置入開(kāi)頭小寫(xiě)的選項(xiàng)。

b.選項(xiàng)(D)提到，大多數(shù)心理學(xué)家相信孩提時(shí)期的銘印現(xiàn)象是造成此癖好的原因，上下文語(yǔ)意通順，且選項(xiàng)以對(duì)等連接詞 but 開(kāi)頭，與上一句形成完整的句子，文法及語(yǔ)意皆正確，故選之。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a.imprinting n.銘印現(xiàn)象 imprint vt.銘記在心

例: The memories imprinted on the abused child's mind are almost impossible to erase.

(那些銘記在受虐兒心中的記憶幾乎無(wú)法抹滅。)

b.sb/sth is to blame　　某人∕某物該負(fù)責(zé)

例: Tim's homesickness is to blame for his poor academic performance.

(提姆的思鄉(xiāng)病是他功課不好的主因。)

5.第五題空格應(yīng)選 (B)

理由:

a.空格前提到醫(yī)師會(huì)用認(rèn)知療法和心理分析治療有嚴(yán)重戀物癖的人。前者著重于壓制患者目前的欲望，推測(cè)空格內(nèi)應(yīng)該與心理分析有關(guān)，而且空格前有逗點(diǎn)，可知應(yīng)置入開(kāi)頭小寫(xiě)的選項(xiàng)。

b.選項(xiàng) (B)以while the latter(而后者)開(kāi)頭，提到后者試著找出導(dǎo)致此現(xiàn)象的兒時(shí)事件，符合上述推論，且 "the former...the latter..." 形成固定用法，故為正選。

大補(bǔ)丸:

a.the former...the latter...　　前者……后者……

例: Lucy and Lisa are twins. The former is friendly, while the latter is mean.

(露西和莉莎是雙胞胎。前者很友善，后者卻很惡毒。)

b.figure out...　　理解……;找出……

例: The detective was hired to figure out who Mary's husband was having an affair with.

(那名偵探被雇用來(lái)找出瑪莉丈夫的外遇對(duì)象。)

精解字詞詞組

1. be into...　熱愛(ài)……

例: Jimmy is into traveling and takes at least one vacation per year.

(吉米熱愛(ài)旅游，他每年至少會(huì)渡一次假。)

2. inhibit vt. 抑制，約束

inhibit sb from V-ing　　抑制某人做……

例: The disease inhibited Willy from walking normally.

(這個(gè)疾病使威利無(wú)法正常行走。)

3. suffer from...　受……之苦;罹患……疾病

例: During the spring, I suffer from horrible allergies that make my entire head feel like a brick.

(每到春天我就飽受?chē)?yán)重的過(guò)敏之苦，整個(gè)頭像裝了磚頭一樣重。)

4. attest to...　證明……;作為……的證據(jù)

例: This bonus attests to the fact that you're a valuable member of our staff.

(這筆獎(jiǎng)金證實(shí)你是一名有價(jià)值的員工。)

5. identify vt. 識(shí)別;認(rèn)出

例: The police hope that the victims will identify the attacker.

(警方希望受害人能出面指認(rèn)攻擊者。)

6. track sth back to + 時(shí)間　　追溯……到……

例: We can track the tradition back to the Han Dynasty.

(這項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到漢朝。)

7. suppress vt. 壓抑;壓制

例: The government wanted to suppress publication of the investigation results.

(政府想壓制那項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果的公布。)

8. cross the line跨越界線

例: You've crossed the line this time and there's no way you'll get her to marry you.

(你這次真的太過(guò)分，她不可能嫁給你了。)

單字小鋪

1. bandage n. 繃帶

2. wrap vt. 包，裹

3. foot binding n. 纏足的行為

4. infection n. 感染

5. embroider vt. 刺繡

6. mentally adv. 心智上，精神上

7. varying a. 各式各樣的

8. cognitive a. 認(rèn)知的

9. psychoanalysis n. 精神分析

10. present-day a. 現(xiàn)今的

11. prescription n. 處方

12. testosterone n. 睪酮，睪丸素(一種男性荷爾蒙)

13. estrogen n. 雌激素

詞組小鋪

1. have been around (for + 一段時(shí)間)　已經(jīng)存在(……一段時(shí)間)

2. enable sb to V　　使某人得以(做)……

3. put sb in danger　　使某人陷于危險(xiǎn)

中文翻譯&標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案

唐朝時(shí)，女孩子從五歲開(kāi)始就要用布纏腳，以抑制其生長(zhǎng)超過(guò)六吋。這種野蠻行為風(fēng)行全中國(guó)，因?yàn)槿藗兿嘈拍_越小的女孩越漂亮。這些忍受纏足之苦的女孩長(zhǎng)大后，都會(huì)有嚴(yán)重感染、或無(wú)法走太遠(yuǎn)的問(wèn)題。纏足的女子穿著蓮花鞋。這些由女人自己刺繡的精美鞋子驗(yàn)證了她的小腳。許多男性對(duì)這些裹小腳的女子十分迷戀。因此，小腳和蓮花鞋成了一些男性迷戀的對(duì)象。

戀物行為一直都存在，不過(guò)，一直到十九世紀(jì)末期才被給予定義并命名。1877年，法國(guó)心理學(xué)家艾佛德?比奈首創(chuàng)『戀物癖』這個(gè)字，意思是對(duì)無(wú)生命物體的愛(ài)戀。從那時(shí)候開(kāi)始，對(duì)奇怪事物有著嚴(yán)重迷戀的人都被視為精神疾病患者。大多數(shù)有戀物傾向的人相信自己有記憶以來(lái)就是如此，但有些人則可以追溯到特定的日子或事件。心理學(xué)家對(duì)戀物癖的原因有眾多理論，但大多數(shù)相信，孩提時(shí)期某個(gè)事件一直存在腦海中的銘印現(xiàn)象是造成此癖好的原因。

醫(yī)師會(huì)運(yùn)用認(rèn)知療法和心理分析來(lái)治療有嚴(yán)重戀物癖的患者。前者著重于壓抑患者目前的欲望，而后者試著找出導(dǎo)致此癖好的兒時(shí)事件。抑制男性睪酮和女性雌激素分泌量的處方藥也有幫助。這些藥物可以讓患者忘卻自己的戀物癖，重新掌控自己的生活。

只要不超越界線，戀物癖就算正常。但若已主宰個(gè)人的生活并讓他人陷入危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，就該尋求專業(yè)的協(xié)助。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案: 1. (E)　2. (A)　3. (C)　4. (D)　5. (B)