CNN news:工作更長時間以謀求安穩(wěn)的退休生活

It's a dream. A lot of Americans retire at 65, start living a good life. But the recession has now put that further out of reach for a lot of us. Alicia Munnell, she's just finished a study that says if we wait until we're 70 years old to retire, we've got much better chance of having a good retirement. She is the director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.

這是很多人的一個夢想。很多美國人夢想在65歲退休,之后開始過上美好生活。但經(jīng)濟衰退現(xiàn)在讓我們中的很多人離這一目標(biāo)又更遠(yuǎn)了一步。艾麗西亞•穆奈爾剛剛完成了一份研究報告，這份報告稱如果我們等到自己70歲再退休,那就會有更好的機會以養(yǎng)天年。她是波士頓學(xué)院退休研究中心的負(fù)責(zé)人，讓我們來聽一聽她的見解。

And I have to say, professor, this is not the number we want to hear, 70, a little bit more time to work here.How did you come up with this?

我不得不說,教授,這不是我們想要聽到的數(shù)字,70歲,更長一點時間來工作。你是怎么想出這個的?

Well, I mean the goal was actually to make people comfortable with a notion of working longer. Most people said “I don't want to work until my 90s” and so we thought if we did a careful study showing how much longer it would have to be, it would seem manageable. So 70 is the age that will let people maintain the same standard of living they've had before they retired once they've stopped working.

嗯,我的意思這個目標(biāo)實際上是讓人們工作更長時間的一種合適的概念。大多數(shù)人表示“我不想工作到自己90歲高齡”,所以我們覺得要仔細(xì)研究這個時間長度,而它似乎是可以管理的。所以70歲是人們一旦停止工作讓自己在退休之前保持同樣的生活水平的最恰當(dāng)年齡。

We hear a lot from our retirement planners that you need pretty much a million bucks to retire. What do you think of that figure? How does that relate to stopping at 70 working until you're 70?

我們從退休計劃者當(dāng)中聽到了很多，你需要幾乎一百萬美元才能退休。你怎么看這個數(shù)字的?這涉及到直到你70歲才停止工作嗎?

So we really don't think in terms of an absolute dollar amount, because if you think about it, low income people don't need a million dollars and high income people need a lot more than a million dollars. So we think in terms of what percent of your pre-retirement earnings do you need. And that number we usually work with is around 80 percent.

所以我們真的不考慮一個絕對的金額,因為如果你仔細(xì)想想,低收入的人群不需要一百萬美元,而高收入人群肯定需要超過一百萬美元。所以要以你的角度來考慮自己需要的退休收入百分比。而且這個數(shù)字我們通常使用是80%左右。

Eighty percent, OK. And the biggest retirement mistake that we make. Er, should we, what should we do? Should we take a lump sum from our employers or put it off?

80%,好。我們犯的最大的退休錯誤,呃,是我們應(yīng)該,我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢?我們應(yīng)該采取一次性從我們的雇主手中拿走還是將其延后呢?

I think the biggest mistake that people make is grabbing their social security benefits as soon as they become available at age 62. If people can work until age 70, their monthly benefit will be 75 percent higher than it is at 62. And that gives you just such a, much larger secure base on which to build, er, to support yourself.

我認(rèn)為人們犯的最大錯誤是一旦他們在62歲可行時便掌控了社會保障福利。如果人們可以工作到70歲,他們每月的福利就會比在62歲時高出75%。那會給你們就一種更大的安全的基礎(chǔ)來構(gòu)建,呃,來支持自己。

If you were to stop working at 65 and retire at 65 instead of 70, would you be in danger of not living the way you're accustomed to?

如果你不工作,在65歲退休而非70歲年齡,那將不是你所習(xí)慣的生活方式嗎?

Yes, our estimates show that approximately half of the households will not be able to maintain their standard of living if they retire at 65. So this moving from 65 to 70, er, brings that number up to 86, which we view close enough to the whole population. So if we could get the population as a whole to retire at 70, most people will be able to support themselves in retirement.

是的,我們的評估表明如果人們在65歲退休，大約有一半的家庭將無法維持他們現(xiàn)在的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以從65歲到70歲,呃,這個數(shù)字高達(dá)86,我們認(rèn)為足夠接近整個人口。所以如果我們能使總體人口在70歲左右退休,很多人在退休的時候都能夠支撐自己。

So bottom line, we just got to work a little bit longer now.

所以底線是我們從現(xiàn)在開始只需要工作更長一點的時間。

We do. And we understand that not everybody can do it. Some people have health issues; some people have spouses with health issues; some people's jobs are outdated. But for the great bulk of the population, working longer is really the way to have a secure retirement.All right. We'll just keep working. Thank you, professor.

我們的確需要這樣。而且我們明白不是每個人都能這么做。有些人有健康問題;有些人的配偶的健康問題;有些人的工作已經(jīng)過時。但是對于大部分人來說,工作更長時間的真正目的是要過上安穩(wěn)的退休生活。好吧。我們將繼續(xù)堅持工作。謝謝你,教授。