英語(yǔ)專八歷年真題大全 翻譯類

2005年英譯中：

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes——fiction， biography， poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred(模糊的，不明確的)and divided minds(分心)， asking of fiction that it shall be true， of poetry that it shall be false， of biography that it shall be flattering， of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish(消除) all such preconceptions(偏見、成見) when we read， that would be an admirable(絕妙的、極好的) beginning. Do not dictate(口述、發(fā)號(hào)施令)to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice(同謀、合作者)。 If you hang back(遲疑、猶豫不決)， and reserve(保留、儲(chǔ)備)and criticize at first， you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible， then signs and hints of almost imperceptible(覺(jué)察不到的)fineness(優(yōu)良、出色)， from the twist and turn of the first sentences(換行的句子)， will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep(沉浸、潛心、專心)yourself in this， acquaint(使熟知)yourself with this， and soon you will find that your author is giving you， or attempting to give you， something far more definite.

參考譯文：然而很少有人愿意接受書上的告訴我們的東西。我們通常是帶著一種不明確的不專一的目的去讀書，我們要求小說(shuō)是真實(shí)的，詩(shī)歌應(yīng)該是虛構(gòu)的，傳記應(yīng)該是奉承人的，歷史則應(yīng)該是能加深我們自己的偏見的。如果我們讀書的時(shí)候能夠屏棄這些成見，那將會(huì)是一個(gè)絕妙的開端。不要試圖對(duì)作者發(fā)號(hào)施令，而是要設(shè)身處地把作者的思路，把自己當(dāng)作作者的合作伙伴。假如你開始就猶豫不決，不愿接受作者觀點(diǎn)，甚至對(duì)作者觀點(diǎn)評(píng)頭論足，你就是給自己設(shè)置障礙，使自己不可能最大限度地利用書本。然而，如果你盡量敞開心扉，那么文章開頭就能給你一些暗示，由此一個(gè)與眾不同的人物形象將躍然呈現(xiàn)于你面前。

2005中譯英：

一個(gè)人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎?提出一個(gè)絕對(duì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)然很困難;但是，大體上看一個(gè)人對(duì)待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，看他對(duì)待工作、生活的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對(duì)這個(gè)人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙?jì)了。

古來(lái)一切有成就的人，都很嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時(shí)間白白浪費(fèi)掉。我國(guó)歷代的勞動(dòng)人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

參考譯文：

What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one， it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one‘s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life. Throughout the ages， all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive， they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common labourers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country.

2004年英譯漢：

For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life， and mine has been that for the last twenty years， is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean， as I do most days， and know that I have an entire day ahead， uninterrupted， in which to write a few pages， take a walk with my dog， read and listen to music， I am flooded with happiness. I‘m lonely only when I am overtired， when I have worked too long without a break， when from the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip， when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot， and am full to the brim(邊緣) with experience that needs to be sorted out(挑選、選擇)。

Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty， and I wonder where my self(本性、本我)is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps， by looking again at each one(指代 plant植物)as though it were a person.It takes a while， as I watch the surf(水浪)blowing up in fountains(噴泉)， but the moment( 指the lonely moment) comes when the worlds falls away， and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious(潛意識(shí))， bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood.

參考答案：

只有我在非常疲勞的時(shí)候，在我不斷工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后，在我倍感空虛，需要充實(shí)時(shí)候，我才會(huì)感到寂寞。而有時(shí)候在我結(jié)束巡回演講回家的時(shí)候，在講了很多話后，而且有太多經(jīng)歷需要整理時(shí)，我也會(huì)感到寂寞。于是，有那么一會(huì)兒，我感到房子又大又空，我都不知道我的自我又到哪里去了。這時(shí)，我必須給植物澆水，并挨個(gè)瞅瞅，仿佛他們是有生命的精靈一般，這樣我才能慢慢找到我的那個(gè)自我。很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，我看著水浪從噴泉中噴涌而出。但只有當(dāng)世界在我身邊逐漸消失，當(dāng)我再次從我內(nèi)心深處的無(wú)意識(shí)中冒出來(lái)時(shí)，帶給我最近的種種經(jīng)歷，讓我探究，讓我慢慢領(lǐng)會(huì)時(shí)，我才會(huì)感到寂寞。當(dāng)我因?yàn)槌掷m(xù)工作太久而感覺(jué)疲勞空虛，需要充實(shí)一下的時(shí)候，我會(huì)覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)。有時(shí)，我出差做講座，見很多人，說(shuō)很多話，回來(lái)后腦子里很多東西需要理一理，這時(shí)我也會(huì)覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)。

2004中譯英：

在人際關(guān)系問(wèn)題上我們不要太浪漫主義。人是很有趣的，往往在接觸一個(gè)人時(shí)首先看到的都是他或她的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。這一點(diǎn)頗像是在餐館里用餐的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。開始吃頭盤或冷碟的時(shí)候，印象很好。吃頭兩個(gè)主菜時(shí)，也是贊不絕口。愈吃愈趨于冷靜，吃完了這頓筵席，缺點(diǎn)就都找出來(lái)了。于是轉(zhuǎn)喜為怒，轉(zhuǎn)贊美為責(zé)備挑剔，轉(zhuǎn)首肯為搖頭。這是因?yàn)椋谝?，開始吃的時(shí)候你正處于饑餓狀態(tài)，而餓了吃糠甜加蜜，飽了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一個(gè)餐館，開始舉筷時(shí)有新鮮感，新蓋的茅房三天香，這也可以叫做“陌生化效應(yīng)”。

參考譯文：

We should not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. This is like dining in a restaurant. You will be not only favorably impressed with the first two courses. However， the more you have， the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently， your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What accounts for all this is， in the first place， you are hungry when you start to eat. As the saying goes， “Hunger is the best sauce”， and vice versa.

2003年英譯漢

In his classic novel， “The Pioneers”， James Fenimore Cooper has his hero， a land developer， with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets， rows of houses， a bustling metropolis(大城市，大都市)。 But his cousin looks around bewildered(困惑、迷惑)。 All she sees is a forest. “Where are the beauties and improvements(改造的地方)which you were to show me?” she asks. He‘s astonished she can’t see them. “Where! Why everywhere，” he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth， he has built them in his mind， and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

Cooper was illustrating(講述、描述、闡述)a distinctly American trait， future-mindedness(minded：有思想的，著眼未來(lái)的)： the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered 「沒(méi)有阻礙的， 不受妨礙的;cumber(n.)障礙→encumber(v.)阻礙→encumbered有阻礙的→unencumbered沒(méi)有阻礙的」by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said， “Life for the American is always becoming(會(huì)變成什么樣子)， never being(現(xiàn)在是什么樣子)。”

參考譯文：

詹姆斯?費(fèi)尼莫?庫(kù)珀在其經(jīng)典小說(shuō)《拓荒者》中，講述了主人公，一個(gè)土地開發(fā)商人，帶著他的表妹參觀他正在開發(fā)承建的一座城市。他說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)熙熙攘攘的大都市，街道寬闊，房屋林立。而他的表妹卻環(huán)顧四周，大惑不解。她所看見的只是一片樹林。她不禁問(wèn)道：“你要給我看的美景在哪，被你改造了的地方又在哪?”。開發(fā)商沒(méi)料到他的表妹竟看不到他所講的一切，驚訝地回答說(shuō)，“哪兒?到處都是啊!”雖然這一切還未在大地上建成，但他已經(jīng)在腦海里建好了，對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，這一切都像已經(jīng)建成竣工了那樣真實(shí)具體。在這里庫(kù)珀揭示了美國(guó)人的一個(gè)典型特點(diǎn)：那就是著眼未來(lái)，也就是說(shuō)，他們能夠從未來(lái)的角度看待現(xiàn)在的一切，可以不為過(guò)去所羈絆看待現(xiàn)在，在情感上更多地依附于未來(lái)的事物。正如阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的那樣：“對(duì)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，生活總是在發(fā)展變化中，從來(lái)不會(huì)靜止不變。”

2003C-E：

得病以前，我受父母寵愛，在家中橫行霸道，一旦隔離，拘禁在花園山坡上一幢小房子里，我頓感打入冷宮，十分郁郁不得志起來(lái)。一個(gè)春天的傍晚，園中百花怒放，父母在園中設(shè)宴，一時(shí)賓客云集，笑語(yǔ)四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗簾，窺見園中大千世界，一片繁華，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其間，個(gè)個(gè)喜氣洋洋。一霎時(shí)，一陣被人摒棄，為世所遺的悲憤兜上心頭，禁不住痛哭起來(lái)。

參考譯文：Before I was taken ill， I had been a spoiled child of my parents， getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden， I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped. One spring evening， with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden， my parents held a garden party in honour of many guests， whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope， I quietly lifted the curtain， only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests， all in jubilation. All at once， seized by a fit of forlorn rage， I could not help bursting into tears.