如:The best books are treasuries of good words,the golden thoughts,which,remembered and cherished,become our constant companions and comforters. 不難看出which become our constant companions and comforters原本是一個整體,被用作狀語的過去分詞remembered and cherished分割開。常見的分割結(jié)構(gòu)形式有同位語或同位語從句與先行詞的分割,定語或and定語從句與先行詞的分割,主語與謂語的分割,謂語與賓語的分割。使用分割結(jié)構(gòu)的目的是使語句結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免頭重腳輕,或者為了使表達的主題思想更加突出醒目,讀起來更通順流暢。分割結(jié)構(gòu)的存在說明了英語在結(jié)構(gòu)形式和表達方法上的生動性和靈活性,但也造成了句子結(jié)構(gòu)的錯綜復(fù)雜。對于分割結(jié)構(gòu),只有從結(jié)構(gòu)上和語意上弄清它才能避免理解上的錯誤,英譯漢時要把原來屬于一個整體部分的意義譯出。
如:An unusual present was given to him for his birthday,a book on ethics.過生日的時候他得到了一件不尋常的禮物——一本關(guān)于倫理道德的書。(present 和a book被分隔)
再如:After Galileo's work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens as well as on earth.在伽利略著作之后,這樣的認識加強了,即認為存在著支配物體運動的普遍規(guī)律,這些規(guī)律不僅支配著地球上的也支配著天體上的物體的運動。(the feeling和 that從句被分隔)
1. Such a viewpoint,particularly prominent in the developing countries,is reinforced by the widely-held belief that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is endangering the survival of mankind.
第一層:Such a viewpoint,主 particularly prominent in the developing 定 countries,is 系 reinforced 表 by the widely-held belief 狀 that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is end- 同位語從句 angering the survival of mankind.
第二層:(同位語從句)that 引 it 形主 is not 系 the peaceful application 強調(diào)主語 of nuclear energy 定 that 引 is endangering 謂 the survival 賓 of mankind.