假期出游注意，這八個(gè)景點(diǎn)對(duì)游客說“不”

國(guó)慶假期出游，想必你已經(jīng)訂好了行程，但并不是所有的地方都熱情地歡迎游客。有一些景點(diǎn)出于環(huán)保以及可持續(xù)性的考慮，出臺(tái)了嚴(yán)格的游客限制措施。

Koh Khai islands, Thailand

泰國(guó)蛋島

The backbone of backpacker gap year travels, Thailand, is for the most part extremely tourist-friendly; but some places are now off limits because of environmental concerns. The islands of Koh Khai Nok, Koh Khai Nui and Koh Khai Nai, renowned for their colorful coral displays and previously popular with day-trippers from nearby Phuket, have been strictly prohibited since May 2016. The Department of Marine and Coastal Resources (DMCR) said that up to 80 percent of reefs have been degraded, and the decision was made to ban tourists as a result.

泰國(guó)是背包客間隔年旅游的好去處，多數(shù)情況下對(duì)游客非常友好。但出于對(duì)環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂，一些地方開始對(duì)旅游設(shè)限。蛋島由三個(gè)島嶼組成，分別是外雞蛋島、小雞蛋島和內(nèi)雞蛋島，以色彩斑斕的珊瑚著稱，之前有很多游客從附近的普吉島來一日游。但從2016年5月起，泰國(guó)就嚴(yán)格限制了蛋島的旅游業(yè)。泰國(guó)海洋和海岸資源部表示，多達(dá)80%的礁石已經(jīng)退化，因此決定限制游客。

Bhutan

不丹

Tourism in Bhutan only kicked off in 1974, but since then the decision has been made to highly regulate it to preserve the country's unspoiled landscape and unique culture. The kingdom on the edge of the Himalayas has a policy of "high value, low impact tourism". The upshot is that the number of tourists is restricted and that most visitors have to pay a whopping £190 a day for visas and fees for the privilege of seeing Bhutan.

不丹的旅游業(yè)始于1974年，但從那以后，為了保護(hù)自然風(fēng)光和獨(dú)特文化，不丹就對(duì)旅游業(yè)進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管。地處喜馬拉雅山脈邊緣的不丹奉行“高價(jià)值、低影響”的旅游政策。這一政策導(dǎo)致游客人數(shù)受限，為了去不丹旅游，絕大多數(shù)游客必須支付高達(dá)每日190英鎊(約合1700元人民幣)的簽證費(fèi)和其他費(fèi)用。

Barcelona, Spain

西班牙巴塞羅那

When Ada Colau, Barcelona's first female mayor, took office in 2015, she wasn't one to mince her words about the scourge that is tourism on her beloved city. “We don’t want the city to become a cheap souvenir shop,” said Colau, siting Venice as a cautionary tale. Since then she has frozen licences for all new hotels and holiday rental apartments and gone after short-term rental sites, slapping AirBnb with a €30,000 fine. She has also proposed introducing a new tourist tax and limiting visitor numbers.

巴塞羅那第一位女市長(zhǎng)艾達(dá)•克勞于2015年走馬上任時(shí)，她就直截了當(dāng)?shù)嘏u(píng)旅游業(yè)危害到了她心愛的城市?？藙诎淹崴箍醋魇且粋€(gè)警示故事，并說：“我們不想看到巴塞羅那成為一個(gè)廉價(jià)的紀(jì)念品商店。”從那以后，她便凍結(jié)所有新酒店和度假出租公寓的牌照，監(jiān)督租賃網(wǎng)站，并對(duì)愛彼迎開出3萬歐元(約合24萬元人民幣)的罰單。她還提出征收新的游客稅，限制游客數(shù)量。

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

荷蘭阿姆斯特丹

Amsterdam’s head of marketing made it abundantly clear the city is a bit over tourists. Frans van der Avert, Amsterdam Marketing chief executive, said: “Cities are dying from tourism. No one will be living in the historic centres any more. A lot of smaller historic cities in Europe are getting destroyed by visitors.” While speaking at the World Tourism Forum in Lucerne, he added: “We don’t spend even €1 in marketing Amsterdam any more. We don’t want to have more people. We want to increase the quality of visitors – we want people who are interested in the city, not who want it as a backdrop for a party. We see lots of visitors with no respect for the character of the city. Low cost carriers create a problem. Ryanair [passengers] – they are the loudest.”

阿姆斯特丹市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷負(fù)責(zé)人多次強(qiáng)調(diào)游客太多。該市市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷負(fù)責(zé)人弗蘭斯•范德•艾瓦特說：“旅游業(yè)正在危害城市。再也不會(huì)有人住在歷史中心了。許多歐洲歷史小城正被游客毀掉。”他在盧塞恩舉行的世界旅游論壇上發(fā)言時(shí)還談到：“我們不會(huì)再花1歐元到旅游市場(chǎng)上。我們也不想再接待更多的游客。我們要的是游客素質(zhì)的提高，我們想要的是那些對(duì)阿姆斯特丹感興趣的人，而不是把它當(dāng)做派對(duì)的背景墻。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很多游客不尊重當(dāng)?shù)靥厣?。低成本交通也帶來了問題，瑞安航空公司的乘客最喧鬧。”

Various onsen, Japan

日本的花樣溫泉

Many tourists who travel to Japan do so to experience the glorious onsen – natural hot springs – and sento – community bathhouses. Most of these visitors are let in, no questions asked. However, if you happen to have a tattoo, it’s a different story. A survey released in 2015 by the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) found that well over half of all onsen banned tattooed guests, or required them to cover up their ink. Tattoos are still something of a taboo in Japan, inextricably linked in people’s minds with Yakuza mobsters. But with the influx of tourists in the last 10 years, many of whom are from cultures where skin art is embraced, this antiquated rule has become increasingly problematic.

許多游客去日本就是為了體驗(yàn)一把天然溫泉和錢湯(社區(qū)澡堂)。這些游客不用接受詢問就能直接進(jìn)入。然而，如果你有紋身的話，那就另當(dāng)別論了，日本旅游局2015年公布的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，遠(yuǎn)超半數(shù)的溫泉禁止帶有紋身的顧客入內(nèi)，或者要求他們把紋身遮住。紋身在日本依然是一種禁忌，人們總能把它和日本黑幫聯(lián)系起來。但是隨著過去10年里游客的大批涌入，很多游客來自允許紋身的國(guó)家，日本的這個(gè)老規(guī)矩也越來越成問題。

Santorini, Greece

希臘圣托里尼島

In 2016, the busiest port in Greece announced that enough was enough – the number of cruise ship visitors would have to be capped. The popular island of Santorini was getting overwhelmed by upwards of 10,000 tourists arriving simultaneously each day on cruises – that number is now capped at 8,000.

2016年，希臘最忙碌的港灣稱游客人數(shù)已經(jīng)太多，乘坐游輪的游客數(shù)量必須得到限制。圣托里尼島是熱門景點(diǎn)，每天有超過1萬人同時(shí)乘船抵達(dá)，把這里堵得水泄不通，現(xiàn)在每天的游客人數(shù)上限為8000。

Cinque Terre, Italy

意大利五漁村

This beautiful coastal area and UNESCO World Heritage Site was something of a trendsetter when it comes to holding back the tide of tourists. Under increasing pressure from ever-growing visitor numbers, in February 2016 Cinque Terre announced plans to introduce a ticketing system. Once the number of people hit 1.5 million, the area was off limits. This figure might sound high, but the previous summer saw 2.5 million flood into the region to visit its clutch of five quaint fishing villages connected by narrow cliff-top paths.

美麗的五漁村位于濱海地區(qū)，是聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地。這里開創(chuàng)了阻擋游客潮的新風(fēng)。面對(duì)游客人數(shù)不斷增長(zhǎng)的壓力，2016年2月，五漁村宣布計(jì)劃引進(jìn)新的售票系統(tǒng)。一旦游客數(shù)達(dá)到150萬人，就會(huì)禁止游客入內(nèi)。這個(gè)數(shù)量聽上去可能很多，但是在2015年夏天，有250萬名游客涌入這五個(gè)由懸崖小徑連接的古雅漁村。

Arlington, Texas

德克薩斯阿林頓國(guó)家公墓

In 2015, private air charter company Stratos Jets analysed over 37,000 geotagged tourist-related tweets from across the States to determine which places were most friendly – and most hostile – towards visitors. Of course, it’s far from scientific, but the results indicated that Arlington, Texas, was the least tourist-friendly destination in the US. Perhaps unsurprisingly, given its stigma for rudeness, New York was the second least welcoming, with Las Vegas swinging into third position.

2015年，私人航空包機(jī)公司斯特拉托斯分析了超過3.7萬名來自美國(guó)各州標(biāo)記了地理位置的游客推文，從而判斷哪些地方對(duì)游客最友好，哪些地方最不友好。當(dāng)然，這并不科學(xué)，但結(jié)果表明，德克薩斯的阿林頓國(guó)家公墓是美國(guó)最不友善的景點(diǎn)。不出意外的是，僅次于阿林頓國(guó)家公墓的是紐約，在人們的印象中，這里對(duì)待游客粗魯無禮。拉斯維加斯下滑至第三。