中級(jí)美國英語some和any的用法
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們學(xué)習(xí)怎么用 some, s-o-m-e, some 跟 any, a-n-y, any的用法.
首先我們還是聽一段對(duì)話,內(nèi)容是說彼得暑假里跟著學(xué)校旅行團(tuán)到紐約去玩,回來之后把他在紐約拍的照片給他的朋友瑪麗看, 兩個(gè)人談話的經(jīng)過. 請(qǐng)你注意英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
M: Mary, have I shown you my pictures?
F: No, you haven't. Are these your pictures of New York?
M: Yes, they are. I took them last month.
F: Did you take any pictures of the skyscrapers there?
M: Yes, I took some. Here they are.
F: You took wonderful pictures! Did you have a good time in New York?
M: Yes, I did. Have you ever been there?
F: No, I haven't. I've never been anywhere!
M: Don't you want to visit New York sometime?
F: Yes, I do. I'll go there someday.
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)俾犛⑽睦蠋熡寐俣劝颜螌?duì)話念一遍.
M: Mary, have I shown you my pictures?
F: No, you haven't. Are these your pictures of New York?
M: Yes, they are. I took them last month.
F: Did you take any pictures of the skyscrapers there?
M: Yes, I took some. Here they are.
F: You took wonderful pictures! Did you have a good time in New York?
M: Yes, I did. Have you ever been there?
F: No, I haven't. I've never been anywhere!
M: Don't you want to visit New York sometime?
F: Yes, I do. I'll go there someday.
在剛才那段對(duì)話里, 有些句子包含了我們今天要學(xué)的語法, 現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)英文 師把那些句子念出來, 請(qǐng)你注意聽.
F: Did you take any pictures of the skyscrapers there?
M: Yes, I took some.
F: I've never been anywhere!
M: Don't you want to visit New York sometime?
F: I'll go there someday.
二.SOME
首先學(xué)習(xí) some, s-o-m-e, some 的用法. 這個(gè)字可以用來表示 "一些", 在下面這組練習(xí)里瑪麗提出有關(guān)彼得在紐約的活動(dòng)的問題, 比方 "他買了一些紀(jì)念品嗎?" Did he buy some souvenirs? "他寄了一些明信片嗎?" Did he send some postcards? "他去戲劇中心百老匯看了一些表演嗎?" Did he see some showson Broadway? 等等. 這些問題請(qǐng)你一一用 some 和復(fù)數(shù)名詞作肯定的答覆. 每答完一句就請(qǐng)你聽老師念正確答案.
F: Did he take some pictures?
M: Yes, he took some pictures.
F: Did he buy some souvenirs?
M: Yes, he bought some souvenirs.
F: Did he send some postcards?
M: Yes, he sent some postcards.
F: Did he see some shows on Broadway?
M: Yes, he saw some shows on Broadway.
三.SOME 短句
剛才那個(gè)練習(xí)你都會(huì)作嗎? 現(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮韺W(xué)另外一個(gè)用法. some 也可以跟一些別的字一起用, 來表示 "某一個(gè)", "某一些", 比方 "某個(gè)人" somebody, s-o-m-e-b-o-d-y, somebody, "某些東西" 或是 "某些事情" something, s-o-m-e-t-h- i-n-g, something, "某個(gè)地方" somewhere, s-o-m-e-w-h-e-r-e, somewhere, 等等.在下面一組練習(xí)里老師提出一些有關(guān)到紐約旅行的問題,比方 "誰帶彼得去看表演了?" Who took Peter to see the shows? 接著老師說 somebody, 請(qǐng)你用老師給你的字來回答問題, 所以正確答案就是: Somebody took Peter to see the shows. 現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí), 每作完一句就請(qǐng)你聽正確答案.
M: Who took Peter to see the shows?
M: somebody
F: Somebody took Peter to see the shows.
M: Who gave Peter some information about New York?
M: somebody
F: Somebody gave Peter some information about New York.
M: What did Peter tell Mary about New York?
M: something
F: Peter told Mary something about New York.
M: What did Peter bring back from New York?
M: something
F: Peter brought back something from New York.
M: When will Peter go to New York again?
M: someday
F: Peter will go to New York again someday.
M: When will Mary visit New York?
M: someday
F: Mary will visit New York someday.
四.ANY
剛才我們學(xué)習(xí)了some 的一些用法, 現(xiàn)在我們來學(xué)習(xí) any, a-n-y, any. 這個(gè)字表示"任何".在下面一組練習(xí)里瑪麗用 any 問彼得一些他在紐約的活動(dòng)的問題, 比方 "你在紐約有沒有跟任何外國人說話呢? " Did you talk to any foreigners in New York? 或者" 你在動(dòng)物園有沒有看見任何熊貓呢? "Did you see any pandas in the zoo? 這些問題彼得都一一的作否定的答覆. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽瑪麗問問題, 并且跟彼得一起回答問題. 請(qǐng)注意在這些句子里用的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞.
F: Did you talk to any foreigners in New York?
M: No, I didn't talk to any foreigners in New York.
F: Did you see any pandas in the zoo?
M: No, I didn't see any pandas in the zoo.
F: Did you eat in any Chinese restaurants in New York?
M: No, I didn't eat in any Chinese restaurants in New York.
F: Did you buy any expensive souvenirs in New York?
M: No, I didn't buy any expensive souvenirs in New York.
下面我們把 some 跟 any 作個(gè)比較. 這兩個(gè)字因?yàn)橐馑疾煌? 所以 some 常常出現(xiàn)在肯定句里, 而 any 常常出現(xiàn)在否定句里. 在下面一組練習(xí)里, 老師用慢速度念一些句子比較這兩個(gè)字的用法. 這些句子還是跟彼得到紐約去玩有關(guān)系. 每個(gè)句子我們念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽一遍, 跟著重復(fù)一遍. 在你重復(fù)的時(shí)候要特別注意 some 跟 any 的區(qū)別.
M: Peter ate in some good restaurants in New York, but he didn't eat in any Chinese restaurants.
F: Peter ate in some good restaurants in New York, but he didn't eat in any Chinese restaurants.
M: Peter saw some foreigners in New York, but he didn't talk to any of them.
F: Peter saw some foreigners in New York, but he didn't talk to any of them.
M: Peter bought some souvenirs in New York, but he didn't buy any expensive ones.
F: Peter bought some souvenirs in New York, but he didn't buy any expensive ones.
M: Peter went to some zoos in New York, but he didn't see any pandas there.
F: Peter went to some zoos in New York, but he didn't see any pandas there.
練習(xí)了剛才那些句子我希望你對(duì)some 和 any 兩者的分別有了一些認(rèn)識(shí). any 也可以跟別的字一起用, 比方 "任何人" anybody, a-n-y-b-o-d-y, anybody, "任何 事情" 或 "任何東西" anything, a-n-y-t-h-i-n-g, anything, "任何地方" anywhere, a-n-y-w-h-e-r-e, anywhere 等等. 現(xiàn)在我們來作一組練習(xí), 由瑪麗問彼得一些有關(guān)他在紐約的問題,比方他在地鐵上有沒有跟某個(gè)人交談, 在中國城有沒有買某些東西等等. 這些問題彼得都一一的用我們剛才提到 anybody 跟 anything作否定的答覆. 請(qǐng)你注意聽瑪麗問問題, 并且跟彼得一起回答.
F: Did you talk to somebody on the subway?
M: No, I didn't talk to anybody on the subway.
F: Did you buy something in Chinatown?
M: No, I didn't buy anything in Chinatown.
F: Did you get something for your parents?
M: No, I didn't get anything for my parents.
F: Did you visit somebody in New York?
M: No, I didn't visit anybody in New York.
五.ANYWHERE 和 SOMEWHERE
在下面一組練習(xí)里, 我們來比較 somewhere 跟 anywhere 的用法. 首先由老師提出一個(gè)陳述句, 接著老師提出問句,請(qǐng)你根據(jù)陳述句來決定用somewhere或是 anywhere 回答問題. 每回答一句就請(qǐng)你聽正確答案.
M: Peter lost his hat in New York.
M: Where did he leave it?
F: He left it somewhere.
M: Where did he find it?
F: He didn't find it anywhere.
下面老師又提出一個(gè)陳述句. 請(qǐng)你還是跟剛才一樣練習(xí).
M: Peter went travelling, but Mary stayed home.
M: Where did Peter go?
F: He went somewhere.
M: Where did Mary go?
F: She didn't go anywhere.
六.ANYWHERE 短語用在肯定句
剛才我們學(xué)習(xí)的 any, anybody, anything, 跟 anywhere 都出現(xiàn)在否定句里, 但是這些字也可以用在肯定句里:下面英文老師用慢速度念幾個(gè)例子, 內(nèi)容都是說到紐約, 比方紐約地鐵很方便, 你可以坐地鐵到任何地方; 紐約的摩天大樓比美國任何地方都多, 紐約飯店和鋪?zhàn)雍芏? 要買什么, 要吃什么應(yīng)有盡有等等. 每個(gè)句子老師念兩遍,請(qǐng)你 聽一遍, 跟著重復(fù)一遍.
M: Anybody can take the subway in New York.
F: Anybody can take the subway in New York.
M: The subway is very convenient. You can go anywhere on it.
F: The subway is very convenient. You can go anywhere on it.
M: Anybody can visit the skyscrapers in New York.
F: Anybody can visit the skyscrapers in New York.
M: There are more skyscrapers in New York than anywhere in the United States.
F: There are more skyscrapers in New York than anywhere in the United States.
M: There are a lot of restaurants in New York. You can eat anything.
F: There are a lot of restaurants in New York. You can eat anything.
M: There are a lot of stores in New York. You can buy anything.
F : There are a lot of stores in New York. You can buy anything.
七.聽短文回答問題
今天我們要聽的文章是介紹紐約,談到紐約是美國的商業(yè)和文化中心, 紐約除 了有聞名世界的帝國大廈, 聯(lián)合國, 自由女神像,大都會(huì)博物館以外,還有吸引了成千上萬觀眾的戲劇中心 "百老匯" 跟孩子們最喜歡的布朗克思動(dòng)物園.現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽, 等一會(huì)兒我們要根據(jù)這段文章問你幾個(gè)問題.
To many people, New York is the United States. It is the commercial and cultural center of the country. A lot of people have seen pictures of its skyscrapers. There are more skyscrapers in New York than anywhere in the United States. The Empire State Building is well-known throughout the world. The city's theatre district, Broadway, is very famous as well. Thousands of people go there to see the shows. There are different plays and musicals. One can always find something interesting to see. Every summer, high school students all over the United States tour New York. They can take the bus or subway to visit famous sites such as the Unite Nations, the Statue of Liberty, the Metropolitan Museum and the Bronx Zoo. The bus and subway are very convenient. One can go almost anywhere on them.
剛才那段文章你都聽懂了嗎? 要是沒有全懂不要緊, 等一會(huì)兒還有機(jī)會(huì)聽. 現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)英文老師先把今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問題念一遍給你聽.
第一個(gè)問題是:
M: How important is New York to the United States?
第二個(gè)問題是:
M: Are there a lot of skyscrapers in New York?
第三個(gè)問題是:
M: What are some of the famous sites in New York?
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)俾犛⑽睦蠋熡寐俣劝颜挝恼履钜槐?
To many people, New York is the United States. It is the commercial and cultural center of the country. A lot of people have seen pictures of its skyscrapers. There are more skyscrapers in New York than anywhere in the United States. The Empire State Building is well-known throughout the world. The city's theatre district, Broadway, is very famous as well. Thousands of people go there to see the shows. There are different plays and musicals. One can always find something interesting to see. Every summer, high school students all over the United States tour New York. They can take the bus or subway to visit famous sites such as the Unite Nations, the Statue of Liberty, the Metropolitan Museum and the Bronx Zoo. The bus and subway are very convenient. One can go almost anywhere on them.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答下面三個(gè)問題. 回答之后請(qǐng)你聽老師念正確答案.
第一個(gè)問題是:
M: How important is New York to the United States?
F: New York is the commercial and cultural center of the United States.
第二個(gè)問題是:
M: Are there a lot of skyscrapers in New York?
F: Yes, there are more skyscrapers in New York than anywhere in the United States.
第三個(gè)問題是:
M: What are some of the famous sites in New York?
F: The Empire State Building, Broadway, the United Nations, the Metropolitan Museum and the Bronx Zoo are some of the famous sites in New York.
