雙語詩歌翻譯|杜牧-《阿房宮賦》

《阿房宮賦》是唐代文學(xué)家杜牧創(chuàng)作的一篇借古諷今的賦體散文。杜牧通過描寫阿房宮的興建及其毀滅，生動形象地總結(jié)了秦朝統(tǒng)治者驕奢亡國的歷史經(jīng)驗，向唐朝統(tǒng)治者發(fā)出了警告，表現(xiàn)出一個封建時代正直的文人憂國憂民、匡世濟俗的情懷。全文運用了想像、比喻與夸張等手法以及描寫、鋪排與議論等方式，駢句散行，錯落有致。

《阿房宮賦》 杜牧

六王畢，四海一。蜀山兀，阿房出。覆壓三百余里，隔離天日。驪山北構(gòu)而西折，直走咸陽。二川溶溶，流入宮墻。
五步一樓，十步一閣；廊腰縵回，檐牙高啄；各抱地勢，鉤心斗角。盤盤焉，囷囷焉，蜂房水渦，矗不知乎幾千萬落。
長橋臥波，未云何龍？覆道行空，不霽何虹？高低冥迷，不知西東。
歌臺暖晌，春光融融；舞殿冷袖，風(fēng)雨凄凄。一日之內(nèi)，一宮之間，而氣候不齊。
妃嬪媵嬙，王子皇孫，辭樓下殿，輦來于秦。朝歌夜弦，為秦宮人。
明星熒熒，開妝鏡也；綠云擾擾，梳曉鬟也；渭流漲膩，棄脂水也；煙斜霧橫，焚椒蘭也。雷霆乍掠，宮車過也；轆轆遠聽，杳不知其所之也。一肌一容，盡態(tài)極妍，縵立遠視，而望幸焉，有不得見者，三十六年！
燕趙之收藏，韓魏之經(jīng)營，齊楚之精英，幾世幾年，取掠其人，倚疊如山；一旦不能有，輸來其間；鼎鐺玉石，金塊珠礫，棄擲邐迤，秦人視之，亦不甚惜。
嗟乎！一人之心，千萬人之心也。秦愛紛奢，人亦念其家。奈何取之盡錙銖，用之如泥沙？使負棟之柱多于南畝之農(nóng)夫；架梁之椽，多于機上之工女；釘頭磷磷，多于在庾之粟粒；瓦縫參差，多于周身之帛縷；直欄橫檻，多于九土之城郭；管弦嘔啞，多于市人之言語。使天下之人，不敢言而敢怒。獨夫之心，日益驕固。
戍卒叫，函谷舉，楚人一炬，可憐焦土。
嗚呼！滅六國者，六國也，非秦也。族秦者，秦也，非天下也。嗟乎，使六國各愛其人，則足以拒秦；使秦復(fù)愛六國之人，則遞三世，可至萬世而為君，誰得而族滅也？秦人不暇自哀，而后人哀之；后人哀之而不鑒之，亦使后人而復(fù)哀后人也。

On the Ah Fang Palace
Tu Mu

After the end of the Six Kings the empire bounded by the four seas was unified under a single ruler; and with Shu Shan stripped of its woods, the Ah Fang Palace appeared. It stretched to more than three hundred li, covering the sun in the sky; and from the north of Li-Shan it meandered to the west, and then made straightway for Hsien Yang. Two rivers flowing gently coursed their way into the palace-walls.
At each five steps there stood a storeyed building, and at each ten steps, there stood a hall, with corridors winding like waving silk, and the projecting eaves turning high up like birds' bills. Each of the structures possessed its vantage of ground; but they were all ingeniously interlocked together, or one set against another. Some were domed, and others were curved. The courts were like so many cells in the beehive; and of the lofty eave-drippings who can tell how many millions they were.
The long bridge is lying upon the waves; how can the dragon come without clouds? The roofed causeway is stretched in the air; how can the rainbow appear without having a clearing-up sky? Both the high and the low are shrouded in the mists, and it is hard to distinguish the east from the west.
When the singing platform was re-echoed with happy songs, it was full of genial warmth of the spring; but when the dancing sleeves became cold in the dancing hall, it was chilling like wind and rain. The climate did remain the same even on the same day and in the same palace!
Noble ladies, royal princes and their children, after bidding farewell to their own chambers and halls, were all carried away to the state of Ch'in; where they practiced singing and music in the morning and evening, and became palace-men and place-women of Ch'in.
Bright stars sparking — it was mirrors laid open. Green clouds floating about — it was hair-dressing in the morning. The Wei River swelling with grease — it was made by the waste of ointment. Smoke curling up and vapour spreading — it was burning of perfume. Thunder rolling suddenly — it was the passing of palace-carriages, which one heard rumbling far off, but none could tell where it went to. Each inch of the skin was beautified to the extreme, and each movement of the body was studied to the utmost. The pretty ladies, stood gazing and looked forward to a royal visit, and some of them had not had a single dance from the king for thirty-six years.
What Yen-Chao had laid up, what Han-Wei had accumulated, and What Ch'i-Ch'u had treasured up — for many generations and years pillaged from the people — were piled up like mountains; but once they could not hold their own all were transported here. Tripods and precious stones were treated like kitchen pots and rocks. Gold and pearls were regarded as clod and pebbles. They were all scattered about in confusion, being little valued by the man of Ch'in.
Alas! Men are all like-minded, one or ten thousand. Ch'in loved splendour and luxury, and other men also coveted his house. Why should he exhaust every