雙語詩歌翻譯|蘇軾·《前赤壁賦》

《前赤壁賦》是宋神宗元豐五年（1082年）蘇軾貶謫黃州（今湖北黃岡）時所作的賦,通過月夜泛舟、飲酒賦詩引出主客對話的描寫，表現(xiàn)了作者吊古傷今的情感，矢志不移的情懷。全賦情韻深致、理意透辟。

蘇軾 《前赤壁賦》

壬戌之秋，七月既望，蘇子與客泛舟，游于赤壁之下。清風徐來，水波不興。舉酒屬客，誦明月之詩，歌窈窕之章。少焉，月出于東山之上，徘徊于斗牛之間。白露橫江，水光接天?？v一葦之所如，凌萬頃之茫然。浩浩乎如馮虛御風，而不知其所止；飄飄乎如遺世獨立，羽化而登仙。

于是飲酒樂甚，扣舷而歌之。歌曰：“桂棹兮蘭槳，擊空明兮泝流光。渺渺兮予懷，望美人兮天一方。”客有吹洞簫者，倚歌而和之。其聲嗚嗚然，如怨如慕，如泣如訴；余音嫋嫋，不絕如縷。舞幽壑之潛蛟，泣孤舟之嫠婦。

蘇子愀然，正襟危坐而問客曰：“何為其然也？”客曰：“月明星稀，烏鵲南飛，此非曹孟德之詩乎？西望夏口，東望武昌，山川相繆，郁乎蒼蒼，此非孟德之困于周郎者乎？方其破荊州，下江陵，順流而東也，舳艫千里，旌旗蔽空，釃酒臨江，橫槊賦詩，固一世之雄也，而今安在哉？況吾與子漁樵于江渚之上，侶魚鰕而友麋鹿，駕一葉之扁舟，舉匏樽以相屬。寄蜉蝣于天地，渺滄海之一粟。哀吾生之須臾，羨長江之無窮。挾飛仙以遨游，抱明月而長終。知不可乎驟得，托遺響于悲風?！?/p>

蘇子曰：“客亦知夫水與月乎？逝者如斯，而未嘗往也；盈虛者如彼，而卒莫消長也。蓋將自其變者而觀之，則天地曾不能以一瞬；自其不變者而觀之，則物與我皆無盡也，而又何羨乎？且夫天地之間，物各有主，茍非吾之所有，雖一毫而莫取。惟江之清風，與山間之明月，耳得之而為聲，目遇之而成色；取之無禁，用之不竭。是造物者之無盡藏也，而吾與子之所共適?！?/p>

客喜而笑，洗盞更酌。肴核既盡，杯盤狼藉。相與枕藉乎舟中，不知東方之既白。

Boating at the Red Cliff
Su Shi

In the seventhmonth of the year Renxu, when an autumnal full moon was just a little on thewane, I, Su Shi, went boating with my guests in the river near the Red Cliff. Afresh breeze was blowing our way and the waves were utterly calm. I raised mywinecup and toasted my guests, joining them in chanting the Ode to the BrightMoon and the Song of Sylphs. A little later, the moon rose above the easternhills, loitering between the mansions of the Dipper and the Ox. A broad stretchof dewy white lay across the river. The sheen of the waters merged with thehues of the sky. The boat, once set adrift, traversed an immense expanse ofthousands of hectares. What an ecstasy! It was as if we were harnessing thewind, riding through the ethereal vacant space, not knowing when to come to hahalt, while the divine joy was as if we were forsaking the world and becomingwinged deities, ascending to the land of immortals.

Then we drankwine, and feeling exhilarated, tapped the gunwale and sang the song: "O ye oarsof laurel and orchid, strike and pierce ye the lambent and limpid waters, andbrave ye the moon-lit swift currents. Unbounded is my mind, longing for the manin my heart who is beyond the horizon." A Xiao player among the guestsaccompanied the song, which produced a woeful tune, now like someone murmuringand languishing for love, now like someone sobbing and complaining. Thelingering sound was as unbroken as silk, capable of stirring a dragon hidden inan abyss to dance and moving a widow in a solitary boat to weep.

Saddened by themelancholy song, I sat tight and asked the guests, "Why was your music sodisconsolate?"

The guest said,"The moon is bright, the stars are far between, and the crows are southwardbound.' Is this not the poem of Cao Mengde? You see Xiakou in the west andWuchang in the east. The hills and rivers are interlinked and enshrouded in asomber green. Is it not where Cao was besieged by Zhou Yu? At that time, Caotook Jingzhou, seized Jiangling, then sailed eastward down the Yangtze River,with ships in battle array, extending a thousand li, their flags and pennantseclipsing the sunlight. He filled his winecup before the rolling river, andholding his spear in both hands, composed and declaimed his poems. He wasindeed the hero of his time. But where is he now? As for you and me, we merelydo fishing and firewood-cutting in the river and on its islets, associatingwith fish and shrimps, and making friends with reindeer. We row a boat, toasteach other, depositing our ephemeral life in the universe, our being asinfinitely small as a grain in the ocean. Lamenting our fleeting existence andenvying the everlasting Yangtze River, I wish I could travel with fairies inheaven and hold the bright moon in my arms through eternity. Yet I know thiscannot so soon come true, I can but charge the sad autumn wind to be thevehicle of my plaintive music."

I said, "Haveyou ever speculated upon the river and the moon? Though the former runs withoutcease, it remains there forever. Though the latter waxes and wanes, it neverincreases or diminishes. If it is viewed from the angle of change, the universecan hardly be the same for a moment. However, when seen from the angle ofconstancy, then everything and we ourselves are blessed with immortality. Whatcould so much deserve our envy? Besides, all things under heaven have theirseparate owners. If a thing does not belong to me, not even a mite of it shouldbe taken as mine. Only the refreshing breeze on the river and the bright moonover the hills, which generate in our ears a pleasant sound and in our eyes adreamy colour, are inexhaustible and can be freely enjoyed. They are animmeasurable treasure granted to us by our Creator as a grace, for our commonhappiness."

My guests weregladdened and smiled. Having cleaned the winecups, we renewed our drinking. Thedishes, fruits and tidbits were all consumed. The trays, plates and drinkingvessels were scattered in confusion. We slept close to each other in the boat,unaware that it was dawning in the east.