“全球化之父”彼得?薩瑟蘭去世

Peter Sutherland, a globetrotting Irishman who pulled off one of the biggest multilateral trade agreements, wielding an auctioneer’s gavel to secure the “Uruguay Round” in 1994, has died. He was 71.

曾奔走于全球各地的愛爾蘭人彼得•薩瑟蘭(Peter Sutherland，文首圖右)去世了，享年71歲。他曾促成世界最大的多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定之一，在1994年一錘定音，搞定了“烏拉圭回合”(Uruguay Round)。

In his role as head of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Gatt), Sutherland persuaded 123 countries to agree new rules on agriculture and textiles, as well as services, intellectual property and a mechanism for resolving trade disputes. Mickey Kantor, then-US trade representative, dubbed the Irishman the father of globalisation long before the term acquired its current negative connotation.

在薩瑟蘭領(lǐng)導(dǎo)“關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定”(GATT)理事會期間，他說服123個國家就農(nóng)業(yè)、紡織業(yè)、勞務(wù)、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)等方面的新規(guī)以及貿(mào)易爭端解決機(jī)制達(dá)成了一致。當(dāng)年美國貿(mào)易代表米基•坎特(Mickey Kantor)曾將薩瑟蘭譽(yù)為“全球化之父”，那時“全球化”這個詞還沒有染上今天的負(fù)面色彩。

Sutherland’s family said in a statement that he died in hospital in Dublin on Sunday. He had been ill for some time. Leo Varadkar, Ireland’s prime minister, paid tribute to Sutherland, saying he was “a statesman in every sense of the word; an Irishman, a committed European and a proud internationalist.” “Throughout his life, he was a champion for individual and economic freedoms,” Mr Varadkar said.

薩瑟蘭之前已經(jīng)病了一段時間。薩瑟蘭的家人在聲明中表示，他于周日在都柏林的一家醫(yī)院辭世。愛爾蘭總理利奧•瓦拉德卡(Leo Varadkar)為薩瑟蘭致悼詞時說，薩瑟蘭是“一位不折不扣的政治家;他是一名愛爾蘭人，是歐洲堅(jiān)定的一份子，是一位自豪的國際主義者”。瓦拉德卡說：“他畢生都在捍衛(wèi)個人自由與經(jīng)濟(jì)自由。”

A former Irish attorney-general and Ireland’s commissioner in Brussels, Sutherland stepped down in 1995 as head of the World Trade Organization, the successor to Gatt, and used his contacts to launch a second career in business.

薩瑟蘭曾任愛爾蘭總檢察長、愛爾蘭駐布魯塞爾代表。他在1995年卸任由關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定發(fā)展而來的世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)的總干事一職，并利用自己的人脈在商界展開了自己職業(yè)生涯的第二春。

He chaired BP, the UK’s largest company, from 1997 to 2009 and headed Goldman Sachs International, the London-based global arm of the US investment bank, from 1995 to 2015. Sutherland professed to know little about business but saw his role more as a high level diplomatic fixer, using his knowledge of statecraft to help companies win deals and stay out of trouble.

他從1997年到2009年擔(dān)任英國最大公司BP的董事長，從1995年到2015年領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美國投行高盛(Goldman Sachs)位于倫敦的國際業(yè)務(wù)高盛國際集團(tuán)(Goldman Sachs International)。薩瑟蘭自稱不太懂生意之道，更多是擔(dān)當(dāng)高層次的外交斡旋者，運(yùn)用自己的政治才智幫助企業(yè)贏得交易、避免卷入到麻煩之中。