初中·課本中不會教你的 424　join the army和be in the army——非延續(xù)性動詞怎樣正確使用

424　join the army和be in the army——非延續(xù)性動詞怎樣正確使用

　非延續(xù)性動詞指動作一開始就結(jié)束的動詞，即表示一剎那發(fā)生的動作。初中英語中應(yīng)掌握的非延續(xù)性動詞主要有：

begin開始

start開始

join參加

become成為

buy買

close關(guān)上

die死亡

open打開

go去

leave離開

borrow借來

lend借出

wake醒來

get up起床

fall asleep入睡

go to sleep入睡

arrive到達(dá)

come來

reach到達(dá)

get to到達(dá)

return返回

　非延續(xù)性動詞 不能同表示一段時間的狀語連用，不能同for引導(dǎo)的短語或since引導(dǎo)的短語和從句連用。如果句中有表示一段時間的狀語，則必須改用延續(xù)性動詞 ，變化規(guī)則如下。

1　begin 和 start 改為be on等。

The meeting has begun . （正） 會議已經(jīng)開始了。

會議已經(jīng)開始10分鐘了 。

The meeting has begun for ten minutes . （誤）

The meeting has been on for ten minutes. （正）

It is ten minutes since the meeting began .（正）

He started to study English two years ago. 他2年前開始學(xué)英語的。

他學(xué)英語已經(jīng)2年了 。

He has started to study English for two years . （誤）

He has studied English for two years . （正）

It is two years since he started to study English. （正）

2　go 和 leave 改為be away (from)等。

他已經(jīng)離開5天了 。

He has gone for five days . （誤）

He has been away for five days . （正）

她自從上個月就離開這座城市了 。

She has left the town since last month . （誤）

She has been away from the town since last month . （正）

3　open 改為be open （open為形容詞）。

門開了一整天 。

The door has opened the whole day . （誤）

The door has been open the whole day . （正）

4　close 改為be closed。

窗戶自昨天晚上就關(guān)著。

The window has closed since last night . （誤）

The window has been closed since last night . （正）

5　join 和 become 改為be (a)+職業(yè)名詞或be in the+組織名詞等。

He has joined the army. 他已經(jīng)入伍了。

他入伍已經(jīng)3年了 。

He has joined the army for three years . （誤）

He has been a soldier for three years . （正）

He has been in the army for three years . （正）

It is three years since he joined the army. （正）

她入黨已經(jīng)10年了 。

She has become a Party member for 10 years .（誤）

She has been a Party member for 10 years . （正）

She became a Party member 10 years ago . （正）

It is ten years since she became a Party member.

6　borrow 和 lend 改為keep。

這本詞典你可以借1周 。

You may borrow the dictionary for a week . （誤）

You may keep the dictionary for a week . （正）

這本書我只能借給你1天 。

I can lend you the book for one day . （誤）

You can keep the book for one day . （正）

7　arrive, come, reach 和 get to 改為be+副詞或be+in+地點(diǎn)名詞。

他來這里已經(jīng)幾天了 。

He has come here for a few days . （誤）

He has been here for a few days . （正）

他們到南京已經(jīng)3個月了 。

They have arrived in / reached/ got to Nanjing for three months . （誤）

They have been in Nanjing for three months . （正）

It is three months since they arrived in / reached/ got to Nanjing. （正）

8　buy 改為have或keep。

這只貓她已經(jīng)買了5個月了 。

She has bought the cat for five months . （誤）

She has had/ kept the cat for five months . （正）

9　wake 改為awake。

自從4點(diǎn)鐘他就醒了 。

He has woken since 4 o'clock . （誤）

He has been awake since 4 o'clock . （正）

10　die 改為be dead。

她去世已經(jīng)10年多了 。

She has died for over ten years . （誤）

She has been dead for over ten years . （正）

It is over ten years since she died . （正）

11　 fall asleep 改為sleep或be asleep。

她已經(jīng)睡了8個小時了 。

She has fallen asleep for eight hours . （誤）

She has slept for eight hours . （正）

She has been asleep for eight hours. （正）

It is eight hours since she fell asleep . （正）

12　 get up 改為be up。

他從早上5點(diǎn)鐘就起床了 。

He has got up since 5 o'clock in the morning. （誤）

He has been up since 5 o'clock in the morning. （正）