高中語法專練：vii. 省去to的動詞不定式

vii. 省去to的動詞不定式

1. 并列不定式to只用于第一個動詞之前，之后的動詞前的to要省略。

He asked me to go to his office and help him clean the room.

他請我去他辦公室?guī)椭驋叻块g。

2. 在had better, would rather, would rather ... than, rather than, would sooner, would sooner ... than, cannot but, cannot help but, do nothing but, might as well, do nothing besides, do nothing　than (except, save) 等結(jié)構(gòu)后的動詞不定式要省略to。

He could do nothing but wander about all day.

除了整天游逛他不能做任何事情。

You might as well try another time.

你還是再嘗試一次的好。

They would rather (would sooner, had rather, had sooner) die than give in.

他們寧死不屈。

What else do you like to do besides swim ?

除了游泳你還想干什么？

I cannot help but sleep at such a deep night.

這么深的夜晚我不得不睡覺。

3. 在（一“感”）feel，（二“聽”）hear, listen to，（三“使”）have, let, make，（五“看”）look at, see, watch, notice, observe后以不定式作賓補時要省略to；但這些動詞用在被動語態(tài)的句子中時，則不能省略to 。

He made us read English aloud every morning.

他讓我們每天早上都大聲朗讀英語。

She was seen to go out alone at night.

有人看到她夜間獨自外出。

4. 當動詞help意為“幫忙”時，其后的動詞不定式可省略也可不省略to; 在can't help意為“不由自主”時，后需接動名詞形式；在cannot help but意為“不得不”時，后需接省略to的動詞不定式。

Can anyone help me (to) carry the suitcase upstairs.

有人能幫我把箱子扛到樓上去嗎？

I can't help work out the problem.

我不能幫助解出這道題目。

On hearing the news, I can't help bursting into tears.

一聽到這個消息，我禁不住淚如雨下。

We can't help but respect our teacher.

我們不得不尊敬我們的老師。

5. rather than, sooner than位于句首時，其后的不定式省略to。

Rather than travel by air, he preferred a train on his tour.

他更愿意乘火車旅行，不愿意乘飛機旅行。

Sooner than run the risk of losing more money, he agreed to the plan.

他同意了這個計劃而不愿冒失去更多錢的風險。

6. 主語是all, what引導的從句，或者主語受only, the first, one, least或最高級修飾，且從句或短語中有do時，作表語的不定式一般省略to。

The least you can do is help up a little.

你能做的就是幫一點忙。

What she did to the matter was keep silent.

對此事她能做的就是保持沉默。

The only thing I can do is go alone.

我唯一能做的事情就是獨自去。

All she does is gossip about others.

她做的一切就是搬弄是非。

7. 在以why引導的疑問句中不用to。

Why worry about such a problem?

為什么擔心這么一個問題呢？

Why not do it right now?

為什么不馬上做呢？

專項練習

1. I'd rather lose the game _______.

A. not to hurt him

B. not hurt him

C. than to hurt him

D. than hurt him

2. Has he any other choice but _______ as you have told him?

A. to do

B. do

C. doing

D. he'll do

3. Tom did nothing else but _______ back all he owned.

A. taken

B. took

C. taking

D. take

4. All the people in the hall couldn't but _______ , hearing such an absurd story.

A. to laugh

B. laugh

C. laughing

D. to laughing

5. —You should have thanked her before you left.

—I meant _______ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.

A. to do

B. to

C. doing

D. doing so

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