高中語法專練：v. 不定式作狀語

v. 不定式作狀語

1. 不定式作狀語主要表目的、結(jié)果和原因。

They ran over to welcome the guests .

他們跑過去歡迎客人。

2. 常用的表示目的短語有：to do, in order to do, so as to do (不能放在句首)。不定式作目的狀語，其否定式必須用in order not to do或so as not to do; 不能只用not to do。

He got up early so as not to be late .

他很早起床以便不遲到。

In order to catch up the others in her class, she works very hard.

為了趕上班里其他人，她學習很用功。

3. 不定式表示目的，常用在go/come and (do sth.)這樣的結(jié)構中。主要用于祈使句或go, come是動詞原形的句子中。

Let's go and have a look at the pictures over there.

咱們?nèi)タ纯茨沁叺膱D畫吧！

4. 常用too ... to, enough to, so +形容詞/副詞+ as to, such a +名詞+ as to, only to等結(jié)構表示結(jié)果。

The child is too young to go to school.

這個孩子太小不能上學。

They lifted the rock only to drop it on their own feet.

他們搬起石頭砸了自己的腳。

She is such a diligent girl as to study till midnight ever day.

她是如此勤奮的女孩子每天都學習到深夜。

5. too ... to ...結(jié)構中間的形容詞若是表示情感的kind, ready, eager, pleased等時，不表示結(jié)果，也無否定意義。

Would you be too kind to help us to work out the problem?

你能幫我算出這道題嗎？

6. only+to不定式表示結(jié)果，通常是一個未曾預料的不愉快的結(jié)果。

He hurried to the station, only to find the train gone.

他匆忙趕到火車站，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)走了。

7. 常用表示情緒的動詞surprised, joy, glad, pleased等表示原因。

We were very surprised to hear the news that he had left without saying goodbye to us.

我們很吃驚聽說他走了而沒有向我們告別。

We jumped with joy to hear the news that we were admitted to university

聽到考上了大學的消息，我們都欣喜若狂。

He was surprised to find all the houses on fire.

他吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的房子都著火了。

8. 常用獨立成分，表示說話人的態(tài)度（插入語）：to tell you the truth, to be exact, to be sure, to be frank with you, to be honest, to cut a long story short, to start with, to begin with, to say nothing, to be brief等。

To be sure , we can do it very well.

毫無疑問，我們能做得很好。

To tell you the truth , this is all ABC to me.

給你說實話吧，這對我來說很簡單。

專項練習

1. The flat is much too small _______.

A. for the family to live

B. for the family to live in

C. that the family can't live in

D. that the family can't live

2. The teacher didn't speak clearly enough _______.

A. so everyone to understand

B. for every one understood

C. for everyone to understand

D. for understanding

3. Do you think Julia is easy _______?

A. to get along with

B. to get along

C. to be got along with

D. to getting along with

4. Prof. Bush's talk in English was easy _______.

A. for us in following

B. for us to be followed

C. to be followed

D. for us to follow

5. The water-melon juice is nice _______.

A. to drink it

B. to be drunk

C. to drink

D. to be drinking

6. The patients were waiting _______ the doctor.

A. to see

B. for to see

C. for seeing

D. seeing

7. _______ , I don't want to argue with them about the matter.

A. To tell you the truth

B. Telling the truth

C. Having told you the truth

D. Out of the truth

8. The soldier spoke to the boy kindly _______ him.

A. to not frighten

B. so as not to frighten

C. in order to not frighten

D. for not frightening

9. Would you be good enough _______ to the bus station?

A. showing me the way

B. as to show me the way

C. to show me the way

D. so you can show me the way

10. Tom was so careless _______ his car unlocked.

A. to leave

B. that he leaves

C. as to leave

D. leaving

答案速查　1-5　BCADC　6—10　AABCC