工作“到7點(diǎn)”是By 7pm還是Until 7pm？

工作到7點(diǎn)是by 7pm還是until 7pm?

很多時(shí)候判斷一個(gè)人的英文水平，

不會(huì)是從語(yǔ)法和長(zhǎng)難句，

反而是那些基礎(chǔ)日常的表達(dá)，

今天我們就來(lái)研究by和until這兩個(gè)介詞用在時(shí)間上時(shí)的區(qū)別!

1
Preposition of time: “by”

As a preposition of time, “by” means before a specific time.

作為放在時(shí)間前的介詞，by的意思是在特定的時(shí)間之前。

“by” shows a time limit for something to happen.

by展示出了某事發(fā)生的時(shí)間范圍限制。

An event must happen before a specific time is reached.

就是事件必須在到達(dá)特定時(shí)間之前發(fā)生。

例：

Please send me the report by Tuesday.

請(qǐng)?jiān)谛瞧诙鞍褕?bào)告發(fā)給我。

(I must receive it before Tuesday. The deadline is Tuesday 我必須在星期二之前收到。截止日期是星期二)

Jane would like to lose 3 kg by June.

簡(jiǎn)想在六月前減重3公斤。

(She would like to lose 3kg before June.)

她想在六月前減掉3公斤。

We often use “by” for projects with deadlines.

我們經(jīng)常用by在項(xiàng)目的最后期限前。

All job applications must be received by the 15th July.

所有工作申請(qǐng)必須在7月15日前收到。

We often use “by” to say when someone will return:

我們經(jīng)常用by來(lái)表示某人什么時(shí)候回來(lái)

例：

Mark: Where is Jane?

簡(jiǎn)在哪里?

David: She is in London. She’ll be back by Saturday.

她在倫敦。她將在星期六之前回來(lái)。

2
Preposition of time: “until”

As a preposition of time, “until” describes a continuous action that stops at a specific time.

作為時(shí)間介詞，until描述一個(gè)在特定時(shí)間停止的連續(xù)動(dòng)作。

“until” describes the duration of an action before a specific time.

until描述動(dòng)作在特定時(shí)間之前的持續(xù)發(fā)生。

例：

I’m staying in New York until Friday.

我要在紐約待到星期五。

I’m really tired. Last night I watched a film until midnight.

我真的很累。昨晚我看了一場(chǎng)電影直到午夜。

Mark lived in Manchester until 2010.

2010年之前，馬克一直住在曼徹斯特。

The difference between “by” and “until”

by和until之間的區(qū)別

I will be rich by 2020.

到2020年我就有錢了。

This means that in the present, I am not rich.

這意味著我現(xiàn)在并不富有。

I predict that I will be rich before year 2020.

我預(yù)測(cè)我將在2020年以前變得富有。

I will be rich until 2020.

到2020年我都有錢。

This means that in the present, I am already rich.

這意味著現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)很富有了。

I will continue to be rich between now and 2020

從現(xiàn)在到2020年，我將繼續(xù)富有

After 2020, I will no longer be rich. I will be poor.

2020年后，我將不再富有。我將會(huì)變窮。

"我工作到晚上7點(diǎn)"的正確翻譯是：

I worked by 7pm. ?

I worked until 7pm. ?