研究表明，間隔一年懷孕可以降低健康風險

研究表明，間隔一年懷孕可以降低健康風險

Women and their babies face health risks when there's less than 12 months between the birth of one child and the conception of the next, according to a new study.

一項新研究顯示，女性和她們的孩子在從生下一個孩子到懷上第二個孩子還不到12個月的時候，就面臨著健康風險。

The researchers found a modest increase in risk of death or serious illness in the mother in intervals of less than 12 months and larger increases in the risk of adverse outcomes for the baby both before and after birth, as well as spontaneous preterm delivery.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在不到12個月的時間間隔內(nèi)，母親死亡或嚴重疾病的風險會適度增加，而嬰兒在出生前和出生后出現(xiàn)不良后果的風險會更大，以及自然早產(chǎn)的風險也會更大。

Guidelines from the World Health Organization suggest that women wait at least two years before becoming pregnant again. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists suggests that women should be advised to avoid interpregnancy periods of less than six months and "should be counseled on the risks and benefits of repeat pregnancy sooner than 18 months."

世界衛(wèi)生組織的指導方針建議，女性至少要等兩年才能再次懷孕。美國婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師學會建議，女性應該被建議避免6個月以下的產(chǎn)后解釋期，并“應該就18個月一下再次懷孕的風險和好處進行咨詢。”

The authors noted that the study found a shorter optimal interval between pregnancies than previously thought for all women.

作者指出，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于所有女性來說，兩次懷孕之間的最佳間隔比之前認為的要短。

The study, published Monday in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, included 123.122 women and 148.544 pregnancies, and it looked at how the health risks were applied to pregnant women of different ages. The participants were found using population health databases in Canada, which included all women who had at least two consecutive single pregnancies in a 10-year period.

這項研究周一發(fā)表在《美國醫(yī)學會雜志·內(nèi)科學》上，研究對象包括123.122名女性和148.544名孕婦，研究了不同年齡的孕婦如何應對健康風險。這些參與者是在加拿大的人口健康數(shù)據(jù)庫中發(fā)現(xiàn)的，其中包括所有在10年內(nèi)至少連續(xù)兩次懷孕的女性。

For those 35 and over, the risk of maternal mortality and severe morbidity was 0.62% when there were only six months between the birth of one child and the conception of the next and 0.26% at 18 months. For mothers between 20 and 34. there was a predicted risk of 0.23% at six months and 0.25% at 18 months.

對于35歲及以上的人，當一個孩子出生到下一個孩子懷孕只有6個月時，產(chǎn)婦死亡和嚴重發(fā)病率的風險為0.62%，18個月時為0.26%。對于20至34歲的母親，6個月和18個月的預測風險分別為0.23%和0.25%。

The age at which American women are having their first child is increasing, due to changes in society and workplaces, according to the authors of an editorial published alongside the study.

與該研究同時發(fā)表的一篇社論的作者們表示，由于社會和工作環(huán)境的變化，美國女性生育第一個孩子的年齡正在增加。

"It's a fairly common question that comes up now, because for people like me who see a lot of patients who are 40 having their first baby, the first question generally if we get through it unscathed is, 'when can I have my next one?' " said Dr. Laura Riley, chair of obstetrics and gynecology at Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian, who was not involved with the research.

“這是現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)的一個相當普遍的問題，因為像我這樣的人看到很多40多歲的患者有了第一個孩子，如果我們毫發(fā)無損地度過難關，第一個問題通常是，‘我什么時候能有第二個孩子?’”’”威爾康奈爾醫(yī)學院和紐約長老會醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科主任勞拉·賴利博士說。她沒有參與這項研究。

She said one of the strengths of the study is that it looked at the ages of women in relation to the risks, along with the size of the study population.

她說，這項研究的優(yōu)勢之一是，它考察了女性的年齡與患病風險之間的關系，以及研究人群的規(guī)模。

The authors of the study also attempted to account for other factors that could lead to poor pregnancy outcomes, such as whether the pregnancy was intended and whether the mother lived in a rural area.

該研究的作者還試圖解釋其他可能導致不良妊娠結(jié)局的因素，如是否有意懷孕以及母親是否生活在農(nóng)村地區(qū)。

The research considers possible health problems for both the mother and the baby, where previous data has been more focused on fetal health, according to Riley.

萊利說，這項研究考慮了母親和嬰兒可能存在的健康問題，而此前的研究數(shù)據(jù)更多地關注胎兒健康。