最新研究顯示，三分之一的青少年在吸二手電子煙

最新研究顯示，三分之一的青少年在吸二手電子煙

More middle school and high school students in the United States are being exposed to secondhand vapor from e-cigarettes in public places, new research finds.

最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國(guó)越來越多的中學(xué)生和高中生在公共場(chǎng)所暴露在二手電子煙的煙霧中。

About 1 in 3 students last year said they had breathed secondhand aerosol from e-cigarettes, which is an increase from the approximately 1 in 4 students who reported exposure in years past, according to the research published in the medical journal JAMA Network Openon Wednesday.

根據(jù)周三發(fā)表在醫(yī)學(xué)雜志《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)》上的一項(xiàng)研究，去年約有三分之一的學(xué)生表示，他們?cè)^二手電子煙煙霧，這一比例高于過去幾年報(bào)告的四分之一左右。

The research was based on self-reported data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey, which collected information on exposure to secondhand smoke from tobacco products and secondhand aerosol from e-cigarettes among middle school and high school students from 2015 to 2018.

這項(xiàng)研究基于全國(guó)青少年煙草調(diào)查的自我報(bào)告數(shù)據(jù)，該調(diào)查收集了2015年至2018年中學(xué)生和高中生接觸煙草制品的二手煙和電子煙的二手氣霧劑的信息。

Exposure in the survey was defined as breathing secondhand smoke or secondhand vapor in indoor or outdoor public places at least one day in the past 30 days. Those public places could include schools, stores, restaurants, sports arenas, parking lots, stadiums or parks, for instance.

在調(diào)查中，二手煙的定義是在過去30天內(nèi)，在室內(nèi)或室外公共場(chǎng)所至少一天吸入二手煙或二手煙霧。這些公共場(chǎng)所可以包括學(xué)校、商店、餐館、運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)技場(chǎng)、停車場(chǎng)、體育場(chǎng)或公園等。

The data showed that between 2015 and 2018, about half of students reported secondhand smoke exposure, but that prevalence has been following a downward trend.

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2015年至2018年間，約有一半的學(xué)生報(bào)告暴露在二手煙中，但這一比例一直呈下降趨勢(shì)。

Secondhand smoke exposure impacted 52.6% of students in 2015 compared with 48.7% last year, according to the data.

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2015年52.6%的學(xué)生受二手煙影響，而去年這一比例為48.7%。

Meanwhile, the data showed that the prevalence of secondhand vapor has increased from exposure impacting 25.2% of students in 2015 to 33.2% last year.

與此同時(shí)，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，受二手煙霧影響的學(xué)生比例由2015年的25.2%上升到去年的33.2%。

The data that came from last year showed that young women, white individuals, those with a history of e-cigarette or tobacco use, and those living with someone who used e-cigarettes were more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke and secondhand vapor.

去年的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，年輕女性、白人、有電子煙或煙草使用史的人，以及與使用電子煙的人生活在一起的人，更有可能接觸二手煙和二手煙霧。

The researchers noted that although about "16 states and more than 800 municipalities have introduced laws to restrict e-cigarette use in 100% smoke-free or other venues, including schools, over the past few years," an increasing proportion of youth in the United States have reported exposure to secondhand vapor in public places.

研究人員指出,盡管“在過去的幾年里，大約16個(gè)州和800多個(gè)市鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)引入了在無煙場(chǎng)所或其他場(chǎng)所完全禁煙的法律,包括學(xué)校,”在美國(guó)，越來越多的年輕人報(bào)告稱，（他們）在公共場(chǎng)所暴露在二手煙霧中。

"This may be owing to the increase in youth using e-cigarettes and other devices, fewer vape-free policies than smoke-free policies, and fewer people who are willing to speak up against others vaping in public places," the researchers wrote.

研究人員寫道:“這可能是因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟哪贻p人使用電子煙和其他電子設(shè)備，與無煙政策相比，無電子煙政策更少，而且愿意公開反對(duì)他人在公共場(chǎng)所使用電子煙的人也更少。”

In general, it's estimated that nearly 1 in 5 high school students and 1 in 20 middle school students use e-cigarettes, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The number of middle and high school students using e-cigarettes rose from 2.1 million in 2017 to 3.6 million last year -- a difference of about 1.5 million young people.

據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)估計(jì)，總體而言，近五分之一的高中生和二十分之一的中學(xué)生使用電子煙。中學(xué)生使用電子煙的人數(shù)從2017年的210萬上升到去年的360萬，這一數(shù)字與年輕人相差約150萬。

The new research came as no surprise since there has been an overall rise in e-cigarette use in the United States in recent years, and decline in cigarette smoking, said Dr. Theodore Wagener, director of the Center for Tobacco Research and co-leader of the cancer control program at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Centerin Columbus, who was not involved in the new research.

這項(xiàng)新的研究是意料之中的,因?yàn)榻陙砻绹?guó)電子煙使用人數(shù)整體提升，而吸煙人數(shù)在減少，西奧多·魏格納博士說。他是煙草研究中心的主任,也是在哥倫布的俄亥俄州立大學(xué)綜合癌癥中心癌癥控制計(jì)劃的合伙領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,他并沒有參與這項(xiàng)新研究。

Yet the potential health impacts of increasing exposure to secondhand e-cigarette vapor remains an enigma and has become an active area of study.

然而，暴露在二手電子煙霧中對(duì)健康的潛在影響仍然是個(gè)謎，并且已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)活躍的研究領(lǐng)域。

"We still don't know the long-term health effects and most people generally think that they're safer than smoking cigarettes, so they're not too worried about exposing others to secondhand vapor," Wagener said.

魏格納說:“我們?nèi)匀徊恢牢娮訜煂?duì)健康的長(zhǎng)期影響，大多數(shù)人普遍認(rèn)為吸電子煙比吸煙更安全，所以他們不太擔(dān)心別人吸入二手煙。”