CNN News: 長期太空任務(wù)致宇航員脊柱肌肉萎縮

Hi. I`m Carl Azuz.

大家好，我是卡爾·阿祖茲

The United Nations refugee agency says this year has been the worst ever for migrants and refugees crossing the Mediterranean Sea into Europe.

聯(lián)合國難民署表示今年是有史以來，從地中海到歐洲移民和難民情況最糟糕的一組。

Despite the fact that far fewer migrants are trying to cross than the number who did in 2015, many more had died this year -- at least 3,800 people so far or one in every 88 trying to make the crossing. Compare that with one death for every 269 people last year.

盡管與去年相比，試圖到達歐洲的難民的數(shù)量較少，但是今年仍有很多人死亡——截止到目前為止3800人中每88人都有1人死亡穿過。而去年是每269人有1人死亡。

The journey is even more dangerous for those migrants trying to reach Europe from Libya. The North African country is in chaos. It has no central government, but it does have a number of smuggling networks and many of them use flimsy rafts or boats that aren`t really seaworthy.

試圖從利比亞到達歐洲的難民面臨的危險更大?，F(xiàn)在這個北非國家正處于混亂中。沒有中央政府，但是，確實存在一些走私的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，很多人使用不適合木筏和小船。

They`re often overcrowded with refugees and migrants and sent over the central Mediterranean, facing strong currents, bad weather and odds increasingly stuck against a safe journey.

穿上擠滿了移民和難民，然后穿越地中海中部，旅途中將會浪潮、惡劣的天氣以及其他不好的事情。

Next today, new research suggests space travel can be a real pain in the back. Since missions got longer in the late 1980s, more than half of the U.S. astronauts who`d spent time in space had complained of back pain. And it didn`t get better when they got back to earth.

下一條新聞，新的研究表明，太空旅行會導(dǎo)致背部疼痛。自從20世紀80年代末，太空旅行任務(wù)時間變長，有超過一半的太空美國宇航員抱怨自己在太空時背部疼痛。并且這種情況在回到地球之后，并沒有好轉(zhuǎn)。

A new study funded by NASA says the problem is a major weakening of the muscles of the lower back. Researchers say in space, astronauts aren`t bending forward or using their lower backs to move. That led to a 19 percent decrease in muscle tone during a trip to the International Space Station.

美國宇航局資助的一項研究表明，是由于背部肌肉張力被弱化。研究人員表示，研究人員不需要彎腰或者降低身體來前行。這導(dǎo)致在國際太空站的旅行中，肌肉張力被弱化了。