GRE閱讀題目解析:無氧糖酵解

　　GRE閱讀題目解析:無氧糖酵解

　　P3

　　Question 6 is based on the following passage.

　　Anaerobic glycolysis is a process in which energy is produced, without oxygen, through the breakdown of muscle glycogen into lactic acid and adenosine tri- phosphate (ATP), the energy provider. The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles‘ wet weight. Thus the anaerobic energy reserves of a verte-brate are proportional to the size of the animal. If, for example, some predators had attacked a 100-ton dinosaur, normally torpid, the dinosaur would have been able to generate almost instantaneously, via anaerobic glycolysis, the energy of 3,000 humans at maximum oxidative metabolic energy production.

　　6. The passage‘s suggestion that the total anaerobic energy reserves of a vertebrate are proportional to the vertebrate‘s size is based on which of the following assumption?

　　(A) larger vertebrates conserve more energy than smaller vertebrates

　　(B) larger vertebrates use less oxygen per unit weight than smaller vertebrates

　　(C) the ability of a vertebrate to consume food is a function of its size

　　(D) the amount of muscle tissue in a vertebrate is directly related to its size

　　(E) the size of a vertebrate is proportional to the quantity of energy it can utilize

　　P3

　　Question 6 is based on the following passage.

　　1

　　Anaerobic glycolysis is a process in which energy is produced, without oxygen, through the breakdown of muscle glycogen into lactic acid and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) , the energy provider.

　　無氧糖酵解是一個無氧情況下生產(chǎn)能量的過程，分解的肌糖原轉(zhuǎn)化為乳酸，和三磷酸腺苷也就是能量提供者。

　　(專業(yè)領域的術語不鼓勵猜，猜對也沒啥用，兩個辦法，查字典，或者用縮寫代號。考場上可以把術語處理成代號：

　　AG 是一個無氧情況下生產(chǎn)能量的過程，通過分解肌肉的 G 轉(zhuǎn)化成乳酸和 ATP 也就是能量的提供者。)

　　2

　　The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present — in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles‘ wet weight.

　　無氧(代謝)能夠產(chǎn)生的能量值是一個關于體內(nèi)糖原的函數(shù) —— 在所有脊椎動物中，這個值與他們肌肉濕重的0.5%相關。

　　(A 是 B 的函數(shù)，就是用含B的式子能夠表示或推算 A 的值。這里的 function 再翻譯成功能就不通順了。)

　　3

　　Thus the anaerobic energy reserves of a vertebrate are proportional to the size of the animal.

　　所以，一只脊椎動物的無氧能量儲備與它們的體型呈正比。

　　4

　　If, for example, some predators had attacked a 100-ton dinosaur, normally torpid, the dinosaur would have been able to generate almost instantaneously, via anaerobic glycolysis, the energy of 3,000 humans at maximum oxidative metabolic energy production.

　　假設，比如說，有什么掠食者攻擊了一頭 100 噸重的恐龍，一般都是趁龍先生睡覺的時候，一瞬間恐龍先生通過無氧糖酵解產(chǎn)生的能量，大概相當于 3000 個人類有氧代謝能產(chǎn)生的能量最大值的總和。

　　6. The passage‘s suggestion that the total anaerobic energy reserves of a vertebrate are proportional to the vertebrate‘s size is based on which of the following assumption?

　　(A) larger vertebrates conserve more energy than smaller vertebrates

　　(B) larger vertebrates use less oxygen per unit weight than smaller vertebrates

　　(C) the ability of a vertebrate to consume food is a function of its size

　　(D) the amount of muscle tissue in a vertebrate is directly related to its size

　　(E) the size of a vertebrate is proportional to the quantity of energy it can utilize

　　選 D

　　比較簡單的一道邏輯題，再看一遍句 2、3，然后整理一下它們的邏輯鏈條。

　　1)無氧糖解產(chǎn)生的能量;

　　2)體內(nèi)蘊含的糖原，也就是肌肉濕重的 0.5%;

　　3)動物的體型大小。

　　第 2 句告訴我們，1)和 2)相關;

　　第 3 句接著告訴我們，因此 1)和 3)也相關。

　　現(xiàn)在題目問我們第 3 句是基于什么樣的一個假設，這個假設就是 “ 2)和 3)相關 ” 。再說個類似的描述，“ 我跟你同班 ”，“ 我跟他同班 ”，隱含著一個 “ 你跟他也同班 ” 的假設。

　　這種短文章只有一道題，有些老師會告訴你，讀完問題去文中找答案，我個人表示保留。如果你閱讀能力足夠強，看懂第四句話用不了多長時間;如果你讀不懂，你也未必能迅速判斷它跟題目無關。說到底，提高你的閱讀速度和理解力，不要想那些抄近路的小花招。在標準化考試中，真正能幫你的是實力，不是竅門和好運氣，又不是買彩票，你同意嗎?？铸埾壬?，你繼續(xù)睡吧。