語新難詞英譯

摘要：時代飛速發(fā)展，漢語新難詞不斷涌現(xiàn)，翻譯時頗難下筆，還有一些政策性很強的詞句，翻譯時頗費斟酌。故而，中國譯協(xié)中譯外委員會(由來自外交部、中央編譯局、中國外交局、新華社、中國國際廣播電臺、中國日報社的專家學(xué)者組成)定期組織研討會議，討論并規(guī)范目前外宣工作中的漢語新難詞，向社會公布，以正視聽。以下選摘部分(均已注明出處，以顯有據(jù)可稽)。

經(jīng)濟詞匯

保險業(yè)　the insurance industry

保證重點指出　ensure funding for priority areas

補發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金 clear up pension payments in arrears

不良貸款　non-performing loan

層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分包　mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting

城鄉(xiāng)信用社　credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas

城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障　a minimum standard of living for city residents

城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保障制度　the system of medical insurance for urban workers

出口信貸　export credit

貸款質(zhì)量　loan quality

貸款質(zhì)量五級分類辦法　the five-category assets classification for bank loans

防范和化解金融風(fēng)險　take precautions against and reduce financial risks

防洪工程　flood-prevention project

非法外匯交易　illegal foreign exchange transaction

非貿(mào)易收匯　foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels

非銀行金融機構(gòu)　non-bank financial institutions

費改稅　transform administrative fees into taxes

跟蹤審計　foolow-up auditing

工程監(jiān)理制度　the monitoring system for projects

國有資產(chǎn)安全　the safety of state-owned assets

過度開墾　excess reclamation

合同管理制度　the contract system for governing projects

積極的財政政策　pro-active fiscal policy

基本生活費　basic allowance

解除勞動關(guān)系　sever labor relation

金融監(jiān)管責(zé)任制　the responsibility system for financial supervision

經(jīng)濟安全　economic security

靠擴大財政赤字搞建設(shè)　to increase the deficit to spend more on development

擴大國內(nèi)需求　the expansion of domestic demand

拉動經(jīng)濟增長　fuel economic growth

糧食倉庫　grain depot

糧食收購企業(yè)　grain collection and storage enterprise

糧食收購資金實行封閉運行 closed operation of grain purchase funds

糧食銷售市場 grain sales market

劣質(zhì)工程 shoddy engineering

亂收費、亂攤派、亂罰款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines

騙匯、逃匯、套匯 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

融資渠道 financing channels

商業(yè)信貸原則 the principles for commercial credit

社會保險機構(gòu) social security institution

失業(yè)保險金 unemployment insurance benefits

偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes

外匯收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending

以上摘自《中國翻譯》2000年第二期

安居工程　housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化　information-based; informationization

智力密集型　 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive

外資企業(yè)　 overseas-funded enterprises

下崗職工　laid-off workers

分流　reposition of redundant personnel

三角債　chain debts

素質(zhì)教育　education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程　jerry-built projects

社會治安情況　law-and-order situation

民族國家　nation state

以上選摘自《中國翻譯》2000年第一期

“臺獨” "independence of Taiwan"

臺灣當(dāng)局　Taiwan authorities

臺灣同胞　Taiwan compatriots

臺灣是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.

西部大開發(fā)　Development of the West Regions

可持續(xù)性發(fā)展　sustainable development

風(fēng)險投資　 risk investment

通貨緊縮　 deflation

擴大內(nèi)需　to expand domestic demand

計算機輔助教學(xué)　　computer-assisted instruction　( CAI )

網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間　 cyberspace

虛擬現(xiàn)實　virtual reality

網(wǎng)民　 netizen ( net citizen )

電腦犯罪　computer crime

電子商務(wù)　the e-business

網(wǎng)上購物　shopping online

應(yīng)試教育　 exam-oriented education

學(xué)生減負(fù)　 to reduce study load