抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)詞匯權(quán)威英譯

中央編譯局近期連續(xù)發(fā)布了一批中央文獻(xiàn)重要術(shù)語(yǔ)權(quán)威英譯，最近發(fā)布的這些術(shù)語(yǔ)側(cè)重于抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間的重大事件、戰(zhàn)役、戰(zhàn)術(shù)、抗戰(zhàn)的主要力量，既充分反映了抗戰(zhàn)的歷史，也展示了中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在全民族團(tuán)結(jié)抗戰(zhàn)中的中流砥柱作用。同時(shí)，他們還挑選了一些揭示日本侵略者滔天罪行的術(shù)語(yǔ)。這些術(shù)語(yǔ)主要來(lái)自習(xí)近平總書記相關(guān)講話，以及正在翻譯的《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨歷史》。

中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(簡(jiǎn)稱：抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、抗戰(zhàn))

the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance)

抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線

Chinese united front against Japanese aggression

全面全民族抗戰(zhàn)

total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation

片面抗戰(zhàn)

partial resistance against Japanese aggression

全國(guó)抗戰(zhàn)

nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression

局部抗戰(zhàn)

regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression

正面戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

center stage battlefield

敵后戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

backstage battlefield

戰(zhàn)略防御/相持/反攻

strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive

世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

the Global War against Fascism

國(guó)際反法西斯統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線

the international anti-fascist united front

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)策源地

hotbed of war

中國(guó)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

China theater

歐洲戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

European theater

太平洋戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

Pacific theater

東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)

the main Eastern battlefield

【例】中國(guó)開辟了世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。

The main Eastern battlefield for the Global War against Fascism was developed in China.

無(wú)條件投降

unconditional surrender

中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利紀(jì)念日

Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day)

事變

Incidents

九一八事變

September 18th Incident

七七事變(盧溝橋事變)

July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)

會(huì)戰(zhàn)、大戰(zhàn)

Battle/Campaign

淞滬會(huì)戰(zhàn)

Battle of Shanghai

平型關(guān)大捷

Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan

臺(tái)兒莊大捷

Battle of Tai'erzhuang; victory at Tai'erzhuang

武漢會(huì)戰(zhàn)

Battle of Wuhan

百團(tuán)大戰(zhàn)

Hundred-Regiment Campaign

軍隊(duì)

Army

八路軍

Eighth Route Army

新四軍

New Fourth Army

東北抗日聯(lián)軍

Northeast United Resistance Army

華南人民抗日游擊隊(duì)

Southern China People's Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force

中國(guó)遠(yuǎn)征軍

Chinese Expeditionary Force

戰(zhàn)術(shù)

Tactics

持久戰(zhàn)

protracted war

游擊戰(zhàn)

guerrilla warfare

運(yùn)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)

mobile warfare

地道戰(zhàn)

tunnel warfare

地雷戰(zhàn)

landmine warfare

地區(qū)

Base/Area

抗日根據(jù)地

resistance base

解放區(qū)

liberated area

游擊區(qū)

guerrilla area

敵占區(qū)(淪陷區(qū))

enemy-occupied area; occupied area

日軍侵略政策

Aggression policies

“大東亞共榮圈”

“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”

“三光”政策

“Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)

“731部隊(duì)”(滿洲第731部隊(duì))

“Unit 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria)

南京大屠殺

Nanjing Massacre

“慰安婦”

“comfort women”

細(xì)菌戰(zhàn)

germ warfare

化學(xué)戰(zhàn)

chemical warfare

“掃蕩”

“mopping-up” operation

“蠶食”

“gnawing-away” operation

“清鄉(xiāng)”

“pacification” operation