2009年5月翻譯資格考試二級(jí)筆譯真題

第一部分 英譯漢必譯題

There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.

By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.

Such is the volatility of today?s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.

Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world?s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.

In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that?s all they can afford.

Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women?s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.

Elsewhere, I saw yet another women?s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.

These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.

其他參考譯文：

上周，世界糧食危機(jī)出現(xiàn)了一線(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。烏克蘭預(yù)期糧食豐收，因而放寬了糧食出口限制。一夜之間，全球小麥價(jià)格下挫 10%。

相比之下，曼谷大米報(bào)價(jià)為每噸 1,000 美元左右，相比兩個(gè)月前每噸 460 美元的價(jià)格 有了大幅上漲。

這就是當(dāng)今市場(chǎng)劇烈波動(dòng)的真實(shí)寫(xiě)照。我們無(wú)從知曉?xún)r(jià)格的漲跌幅度，但是有一點(diǎn) 可以肯定，那就是：我們已經(jīng)告別了富足時(shí)代，轉(zhuǎn)而進(jìn)入了匱乏時(shí)代。專(zhuān)家們一致認(rèn)為， 短期內(nèi)糧價(jià)不太可能恢復(fù)到正常水平。

現(xiàn)在全球“最底層的 10 億人”每天生活費(fèi)不足 1 美元，是世界上最貧苦的人群，我們 不妨設(shè)身處地想想他們現(xiàn)在的處境如何。這個(gè)群體中大部分人生活在非洲，對(duì)于他們當(dāng) 中的許多人而言，食品開(kāi)支往往要占到收入的三分之二。

我聽(tīng)說(shuō)上周利比里亞的民眾不再拿袋子去購(gòu)買(mǎi)進(jìn)口大米，更多的人是拿著杯子去買(mǎi) 米，因?yàn)樗麄兊腻X(qián)只夠買(mǎi)一杯米。

走訪(fǎng)西非國(guó)家后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們?nèi)杂欣碛杀３謽?lè)觀。在布基納法索，當(dāng)?shù)卣e極進(jìn) 口抗旱糧種，同時(shí)在巴西等國(guó)家的幫助下改善對(duì)寶貴水資源的管理。在科特迪瓦，一個(gè) 女性合作社在聯(lián)合國(guó)基金的扶持下開(kāi)辦了一家養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)，為當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駝?chuàng)收又增產(chǎn)，這種模 式也很易于推廣。

在其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)，有的婦女團(tuán)體在聯(lián)合國(guó)的幫助下逐步擴(kuò)大當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模。

用不了多久，她們就可以生產(chǎn)出足夠多的大米來(lái)滿(mǎn)足當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校供餐的需要，屆時(shí)世界糧 食署也將終止在當(dāng)?shù)氐募Z援工作。

對(duì)于基層問(wèn)題總可以找到因地制宜的解決方案，對(duì)非洲而言尤其如此。

英譯漢選譯題 試題一

For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died.

Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.

The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.

Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction.

"The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, There's problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' "

The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art.

The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.

Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.

So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials.

The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.

參考譯文：

過(guò)去十年一直研究“泰坦尼克”船體的冶金學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這艘著名的遠(yuǎn)洋郵輪在撞上冰山 后之所以會(huì)迅速沉沒(méi)，是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的造船商使用了劣質(zhì)鉚釘，在撞上冰山后鉚釘頭開(kāi)始 崩脫，(致使鋼板開(kāi)裂)，冰冷刺骨的海水大量倒灌入船體，最終造成 1,500 人殞命。

一組科學(xué)家進(jìn)行了深度調(diào)查研究，他們從造船廠的檔案記錄中發(fā)現(xiàn)了相關(guān)證據(jù)。據(jù) 檔案記載，造船廠一方面要建造豪華巨輪，另一方面卻使用劣質(zhì)鐵鉚，為海難埋下了禍 根，最終導(dǎo)致“泰坦尼克”號(hào)在 96 年前的那個(gè)周二沉入海底。

科學(xué)家們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，位于貝爾法斯特的哈蘭德與沃爾夫(Harland and Wolff)造船廠 當(dāng)時(shí)決心要同時(shí)建造 3 艘當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最大的超級(jí)郵輪，分別命名為“泰坦尼克”號(hào)、“奧林 匹克”號(hào)和“不列顛”號(hào)。但是，多年來(lái)，該造船廠卻一直苦于無(wú)法獲得足夠的鉚釘及鉚工。

每艘巨輪都需要 300 萬(wàn)個(gè)鉚釘，特別是在建造“泰坦尼克”號(hào)的過(guò)程中，鉚釘短缺情況 尤為嚴(yán)重。

“造船廠董事會(huì)很有危機(jī)感”，負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)查的一位科學(xué)家珍妮弗 ·胡柏·麥卡錫說(shuō)，“當(dāng)時(shí)造船廠運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)持續(xù)吃緊。每次董事會(huì)開(kāi)會(huì)都是同樣的問(wèn)題，„鉚釘供應(yīng)不上，鉚工人手不夠?”。

該調(diào)查小組通過(guò)從“泰坦尼克”號(hào)上取下的 48 個(gè)鉚釘收集了其他相關(guān)線(xiàn)索。調(diào)查人員 運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代測(cè)試手段，進(jìn)行計(jì)算機(jī)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)，按照 100 年前的金屬成分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)重新制造鉚釘 進(jìn)行比對(duì)，并仔細(xì)查閱了當(dāng)時(shí)工程師和造船廠眼里“最先進(jìn)”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么。

調(diào)查人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，正如哈蘭德與沃爾夫造船廠和英國(guó)政府部門(mén)相關(guān)檔案文件所披露的 那樣，建造巨輪工程浩大，該造船廠除了從原來(lái)的正規(guī)鉚釘鐵供應(yīng)商那里進(jìn)貨外，還不 得不從小型鍛工廠訂貨，而這些小廠的員工一般都缺乏相關(guān)技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

調(diào)查人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在購(gòu)買(mǎi)造船用鉚釘鐵的工程中，該造船廠以次充好，沒(méi)有購(gòu)買(mǎi)“最 佳”的四號(hào)鐵，而是購(gòu)買(mǎi)“較佳”的三號(hào)鐵，這也是一大隱患。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)時(shí)造船廠建造 錨、鏈、鉚釘時(shí)通常都使用四號(hào)鐵。

調(diào)查顯示，建造寓意“富足”的“泰坦尼克”號(hào)時(shí)至少在這方面采用了劣質(zhì)材料。 調(diào)查人員稱(chēng)，當(dāng)時(shí)如果選用了優(yōu)質(zhì)鉚釘，或許“泰坦尼克”號(hào)就不會(huì)如此迅速下沉，救援人員就能及時(shí)趕到，數(shù)百人也許就能幸免于難。

試題二(缺)

第二部分 漢譯英必譯題

“中國(guó)制造”模式遭遇發(fā)展瓶頸，這種模式必須要改進(jìn)和提高。一些外國(guó)人認(rèn)為，“中 國(guó)制造”大約就是質(zhì)量低下的代名詞。不可否認(rèn)，少數(shù)產(chǎn)品的確存在質(zhì)量問(wèn)題，讓大多數(shù) 價(jià)廉質(zhì)優(yōu)的產(chǎn)品代其受罪。

質(zhì)量是產(chǎn)品的生命線(xiàn)。隨著外國(guó)市場(chǎng)的夸大，中國(guó)企業(yè)也意識(shí)到質(zhì)量的重要性。因 此一場(chǎng)旨在提高質(zhì)量，提供優(yōu)良服務(wù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)正在興起。

在傳統(tǒng)的制造業(yè)中，中國(guó)企業(yè)通過(guò)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和質(zhì)量管理，為國(guó)際市場(chǎng)提供高質(zhì)量的 產(chǎn)品。在新興的信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，中國(guó)企業(yè)以高科技為師，增強(qiáng)和外國(guó)企業(yè)的交流與合作，提 高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。

近幾年來(lái)，中國(guó)政府通過(guò)立法和社會(huì)監(jiān)督保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，創(chuàng)造全社會(huì)重視產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題 的環(huán)境。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

“Made in China” practice must be remodeled and upgraded as an emerging bottleneck is getting in the way. Some foreign critics equate “Made in China” with low quality. There is no denying that some products made in China are of poor quality, but they have turned out to be a fly in the ointment, as the majority are affordable and of assured quality./There is no denying at the minority of Made-in-China products are of poor quality, but the majority are quality and affordable.

Quality is the lifeline of products. As things are blown out of proportion overseas regarding the quality of made-in-China goods, ( or the overstatement of how poor the quality of made-in-China goods is has prompted the Chinese enterprises to realize)/the business community in China has recognized how quality matters to an organization. As a result, they are now embarking on an aggressive campaign to improve their product quality and services./As such, a campaign aimed at elevating both quality and services is well under way/set in motion in China.

While traditional manufacturers in China seek to deliver premium products to global markets via technological innovation and quality control, emerging IT firms embrace high technology and build partnerships with foreign counterparts to improve quality.

In recent years, the Chinese government has been committed to building a quality-first culture through legislative procedures and public supervision.

漢譯英選譯題 試題一

年里，白熊藏身于深山之中，再無(wú)音訊。直到 2003 年，人們才再次在該自然區(qū)又發(fā)現(xiàn)了 白熊的蹤跡。

在熊的家族里，只有北極熊是白色的。但是，這個(gè)龐然大物是如何離開(kāi)極地寒帶， 來(lái)到這個(gè)寒溫帶的地方呢?難道它是通過(guò)通往北極的水路來(lái)到此地?這一猜測(cè)遭到動(dòng)物學(xué) 家的質(zhì)疑。首先，北極熊不能在溫帶的樹(shù)林中生活。其次，……

2006 年，一個(gè)科學(xué)考察隊(duì)在白熊出沒(méi)的地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了熊冬眠的冬窩兒，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一小 團(tuán)白色的動(dòng)物毛發(fā)。DNA 樣本鑒定為棕熊的毛發(fā)。但是，也有可能，至少那團(tuán)毛發(fā)不屬 于照片中的白熊。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

Back in 1996, a photographer happened to take a picture of a white bear in Kanas nature reserve in Xinjiang in northwest China. The bear remained a hermit/unseen/escaped the radar/stayed off the radar in the ensuing years until 2003 when its traces were spotted yet again in the natural refuge.

Only the polar bear is white in the family of bears. Yet, how has this colossal beast managed to move/migrate from the frigid polar zone to the cold temperate zone? Has the creature made it to the reserve via the waterway that leads towards the North Pole? Zoologists have raised doubts about this possibility. First and foremost, polar bears can?t get acclimated to the temperate forest. Second, …

A scientific expedition in the bear-haunted forest in 2006 also led to the finding of a hideout where the bear hibernates in winter as well as a tiny ball of white furs. DNA test points to a brown bear?s hair, which also makes sense, proving at least that the tiny fur ball doesn?t come from the pictured white bear.

試題二

藍(lán)藻是一種簡(jiǎn)單的水生植物，它可以在河湖、濕地、樹(shù)干和溫泉自然蔓延生長(zhǎng)。當(dāng) 藍(lán)藻細(xì)胞達(dá)到一定程度時(shí)，藍(lán)藻的“密集孽生”會(huì)使水體變色、引起泡沫、散發(fā)臭氣、影響 貝類(lèi)和魚(yú)類(lèi)的生存，還會(huì)使水質(zhì)大幅度下降。

2007 年夏天，富營(yíng)養(yǎng)物和其他污染導(dǎo)致藍(lán)藻在太湖、巢湖、滇池發(fā)生了藍(lán)藻“密集孽生”現(xiàn)象，影響了城市供水及水生產(chǎn)品生長(zhǎng)。

“密集孽生”最嚴(yán)重的是太湖東部。太湖是我國(guó)第三大淡水湖。這次“密集孽生”導(dǎo)致周邊 100 多萬(wàn)居民供水問(wèn)題長(zhǎng)達(dá) 10 天之久。為了防止污染，當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保部門(mén)關(guān)閉了 770 家化工廠。

2008 年夏天，長(zhǎng)期的溫暖、干燥氣候?qū)е滤{(lán)藻在部分地區(qū)發(fā)生。9 月，一艘可以快 速、有效地清除藍(lán)藻的船在江蘇省投入使用。

官方參考譯文：(缺)

其他參考譯文：

Blue algae are a simple water-born plant that grows and thrives in rivers, lakes,wetlands, hot springs and on trunks. Cells of blue algae can multiply beyond a tipping point where resulting bloom discolors water body, triggers/breeds foams, gives off stinky smell, poses a deadly threat to shellfish and fish and leads to a sharp fall in water quality.

In 2007, high concentration of nutrients and other pollutants triggered blue algae “eutrophication” in Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and Dianchi Lake, disrupting water supply in neighboring cities and damaging aquatic farms.

The worst hit was the eastern part of Taihu Lake, the third largest freshwater lake in China. The onset of water bloom suspended water supply to over 1 million residents for 10 days. Local environmental watchdogs/regulators dictated the closure of 770 chemical plants to prevent further pollution.

The summer of 2008 saw much of China hit by blue algae bloom as a result of long-running spells of warm, dry weather. In September, a dedicated ship capable of removing the hazardous plant swiftly yet effectively was put to service in Jiangsu province.