走進(jìn)劍橋大學(xué) 第13期:花花公子拜倫

所屬教程:走進(jìn)劍橋大學(xué)

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2018年04月20日

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Byron, the Play Boy

花花公子拜倫

More than any other poet Lord Byron has been identified with his own heroes - with Childe Harold, the romantic traveler; with Manfred, the outcast from society; with Don Juan, the cynical lover. Although Byron did use his own life as the material for much of his poetry, it is by no means purely autobiographical. It is，however, in his long poems that Byron’s genius most truly resides rather than in the lyrics which usually represent him in selections.

人們認(rèn)為拜倫勛爵比其他任何詩(shī)人更像自己創(chuàng)造的英雄人物，富于浪漫色彩的旅游者恰爾德哈羅德、被社會(huì)擯棄的曼弗雷德、憤世嫉俗的情人唐璜。雖然拜倫用自己的生活經(jīng)歷作為素材寫(xiě)了很多詩(shī)篇，但這些詩(shī)篇決不純粹是自傳性質(zhì)的。最能體現(xiàn)拜倫天賦的還是他的那些長(zhǎng)詩(shī)，而不是通常在選集里作為他的代表作的抒情詩(shī)。

Byron was born into an aristocratic family of doubtful reputation. His father died of drink and debauchery when Byron was 3, and when he was 10 his great-uncle — the ‘wicked’ Lord Byron also died. So Byron inherited the title.

拜倫出生于一個(gè)名聲不太好的貴族家庭。他3歲時(shí),父親就死于酗酒和放蕩的生活。10歲時(shí)，他的叔祖，“邪惡的”拜倫勛爵也去世了。因此拜倫繼承了爵位。

He was born with a malformed foot—a disability which tortured him with self-consciousness in his youth. He went to Harrow and to Trinity College, Cambridge, where, amongst other eccentricities，he kept a bear. While an undergraduate be published his first book of poem Hours of Idleness. The criticism it got stung Byron not to despair but to revenge, and he replied with a satire in the manner of Pope called English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. After Cambridge, Byron went on the grand tour of Europe, traditional for men of his education. For nearly 2 years he wandered about Greece and the Aegean Islands. This was the shaping time of his imagination.

拜倫出生時(shí)，他的一只腳就帶有殘疾，敏感的拜倫因此在年少時(shí)代備受折磨。拜倫就讀于哈羅公學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)三一學(xué)院。在劍橋念書(shū)時(shí)，他行為古怪，還養(yǎng)了一只熊。但是在大學(xué)期間，拜倫就出版了第一本詩(shī)集《閑散的時(shí)光》。人們對(duì)這本詩(shī)集的批評(píng)深深刺痛了拜倫的心，但他沒(méi)有絕望，而是想報(bào)復(fù)，他以蒲柏的風(fēng)格寫(xiě)了一篇名為《英格蘭詩(shī)人和蘇格蘭評(píng)論家》的諷刺詩(shī)反駁那些批評(píng)。離開(kāi)劍橋大學(xué)以后，拜倫啟程前往歐洲開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)途旅行，這是受過(guò)像他這種教育的人的慣常做法，在將近兩年的時(shí)間里，他游歷了希臘和愛(ài)琴海群島。這是拜倫想象力形成的時(shí)期。

On 20 February 1812，the first two cantos of Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage were published. They took the town by storm. Byron became famous overnight. And in the next 4 years he wrote a series of romantic poems; the best among them being The Corsair and The Bride of Abydos. It is said that 14，000 copies of The Corsair were sold in a day.

1812年2月20日《恰爾德哈羅德游記》第一、二章出版了，全城為之轟動(dòng)，拜倫也一夜成名。在接下來(lái)的4年里，他寫(xiě)了一系列浪漫詩(shī)篇，其中最好的有《海盜》和《阿比多斯的新娘》。據(jù)說(shuō)，《海盜》一天就銷售了14000冊(cè)。

Byron had always been susceptible to women and attractive to them. Now that he was successful they threw themselves at his head. For 3 years he lived in the limelight, and then, quite unaccountably, married Ann Milbanke, a frigid and correct woman, entirely unsuited to him, but with a lot of money. She bore him a daughter and left him within a year.

拜倫喜好女色，而女子也鐘情于他。由于他己飛黃騰達(dá)，女人們更愿意投懷送抱，3年里他出夠了風(fēng)頭，然后，莫名其妙地和安妮米爾班克結(jié)了婚。她是一個(gè)冷漠的、嚴(yán)肅的婦女，對(duì)拜倫來(lái)說(shuō)根本不合適，只是家境殷實(shí)罷了。她為拜倫生下了一個(gè)女兒, 不到一年就離開(kāi)了他。

In 1823 he left Italy for Greece, but the next year, worn out with the ardours of the campaign, he caught rheumatic fever and died at Missolonghi, mourned as a national hero by the Greeks.

1823年，拜倫離開(kāi)意大利前往希臘，但是第二年，由于熱心獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)而勞累過(guò)度, 染上了風(fēng)濕病，最終在梅索朗吉昂辭世，成為希臘人所緬懷的一位民族英雄。