時(shí)差N小時(shí):槍支管控法案

The debate over gun control in America has beenongoing and intense for many years — withproponents seeking to reduce gun-related injuriesand curtail criminal activity, and opponentssighting second-amendment rights and the need todefend themselves. Despite the complexities ofdiffering opinions, sometimes there's been enoughagreement for legislation to pass Congress.

在美國關(guān)于槍支管制的爭論已經(jīng)持續(xù)多年，且日益激烈。支持者希望以此減少槍支相關(guān)的傷害，降低犯罪率，然而反對者則著眼于第二修正法案以及防御的需要。盡管雙方意見不同，情況復(fù)雜，但有時(shí)仍有足夠的協(xié)議讓國會通過立法。

The first major gun control act was passed by Congress in 1934, regulating the sale of fully-automatic fire arms, like machine guns, after an assassination attempt on President-electFranklin Roosevelt and a series of organized crime killings. In 1938, a further restrictionrequired licenses for gun dealers, and prohibited gun sales to people who had committed aviolent felony.

在有人企圖暗殺總統(tǒng)富蘭克林·羅斯福以及一系列有組織犯罪事件之后，國會于1934年通過了第一條主要的槍械管制條令，規(guī)范了全自動武器的銷售，比如機(jī)關(guān)槍。1938年，國會進(jìn)一步出臺限制，要求槍支經(jīng)銷商持照經(jīng)營，并禁止向有犯罪記錄的人銷售槍支。

The 1963 assassination of President John Kennedy—which was committed with a mail-orderrifle—and the subsequent assassinations of Martin Luther King and Senator Robert Kenndey in1968, led Congress to pass additional legislation. The Gun Control Act of 1968 added manyrestrictions on who could import, buy, and sell guns, and established harsher penalties forthose using a gun in the commission of a federal crime. The debate on gun control remainsan intense one across the country today—making this a particularly difficult issue to tackle.

1963年，肯尼迪總統(tǒng)遭遇刺殺，而犯罪工具是一支郵購步槍，隨后相繼發(fā)生的馬丁·路德·金和參議員羅伯特·肯尼迪遇刺事件，促使國會通過了附加法。1968年的槍械管制法案增加了很多對進(jìn)口和買賣槍支的限制，并且針對那些使用槍支觸犯聯(lián)邦法律的行為采取了更為嚴(yán)厲的處罰措施。如今槍支管控在整個國家仍是熱議的話題——這讓槍支管控變成尤為棘手的問題。