【BBC紀(jì)錄片】凡爾賽宮 第69期：流言蜚語(yǔ)的力量是無(wú)窮的

One of the innuendoes was that Marie Antoinette

其中一個(gè)流言講的是瑪麗·安托瓦內(nèi)特

had an affair with Cardinal de Rohan,

與卡蒂奈爾·德·羅昂有了外遇

who was the court almoner.

他是宮廷中的施賑人員

And he then passed venereal disease

流言還說(shuō) 之后他又把性病

on to every woman in the court.

傳染給了宮廷之中的所有女性

That's the sort of thing that went around.

這就是當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)上流傳的小道消息

It was very gross.

實(shí)在是令人作嘔

The grosser the better.

而且越是惡心的 就越有人愛(ài)聽(tīng)

They make anything that people may put up with today

和這種流言相比 當(dāng)今社會(huì)上流傳的

look absolutely mild.

任何緋聞都是小巫見(jiàn)大巫

They are so gross.

那時(shí)的流言太惡心了

They are really lewd,

而且簡(jiǎn)直是淫穢到家了

with detail and illustrations.

還有細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)和插圖

One of the points the satirists made in their pamphlets was

這些諷刺者小冊(cè)子里的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)是

that Marie Antoinette had it off

瑪麗·安托瓦內(nèi)特與

with her brother-in-law, the Comte d'Artois.

小叔子查理十世亂搞

You know, you take a story,

如果你接受了這個(gè)故事

like she's having it off with her brother-in-law and then,

相信她與小叔子亂搞

how do you prove she's not?

那你又怎么能證明沒(méi)做過(guò)呢

That was the trouble, so everybody liked to believe it.

問(wèn)題在此 人人都愿意相信此事

I think the king, who was a very nice man, was very upset by it.

我覺(jué)得好人國(guó)王對(duì)此也非常不滿

Louis himself was also a victim of the pamphleteers.

路易本身也是小冊(cè)子撰寫(xiě)者的靶子

From everything that he read,

從所有他讀到的東西來(lái)看

Louis assumed that the whole country now despised him.

路易認(rèn)為所有的國(guó)民都在鄙視他

But a visit to Normandy to inspect a new port,

但諾曼底視察一個(gè)新港口之旅

brought a pleasant surprise.

卻給他帶來(lái)了驚喜

一.around：prep.到處, 在 ... 附近, 圍繞, 大約, 符合 adv.到處, 在周圍, 現(xiàn)有, 閑散地, 轉(zhuǎn)彎,掉頭 adj.存在的, 在風(fēng)行的

【語(yǔ)法用法】

around和round相似，均作副詞和介詞用。美國(guó)人習(xí)慣用around，如下列各例句：

He turned around.Like the moon, the artificialsatellites move around the earth.

I went around to the post-office.

Around 800 men came.

英國(guó)人習(xí)慣用round，如上面的前三個(gè)例句，他們習(xí)慣把a(bǔ)round改成round，而最后一句，則改成about。

around有一些固定的搭配，如around and about，around and above，all around等。而有時(shí)不可用around，如winter comes around，all the year around，win one around等;

round與around的比較：

round常指在圈內(nèi)或者曲線上的移動(dòng)或定位。

She walked round the car and looked at the wheels.

英國(guó)人還常用round作“去到一個(gè)地方的每個(gè)部分”或“分東西給組里的每個(gè)人”。

We walked round the old part of the town.

Could you pass the cups round, please?

而around則指不明確的，模糊的移動(dòng)或定位。

The children were running around/about everywhere.

【錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析】

錯(cuò)句: I prefer being around people.

訂正: I prefer having people around me.

翻譯: 我更偏向有人圍繞在我的身邊。

分析: 這里顛倒了不可倒置的習(xí)語(yǔ)。

【詞義辨析】

1.about, around, round

這些詞均有“在周圍、在附近”之意。

about既可表靜態(tài)，也可表動(dòng)態(tài)。

around主要用于美國(guó)，靜態(tài)或動(dòng)態(tài)均可。

round主要用于英國(guó)，多半指動(dòng)態(tài)。

2.almost, nearly, about, approximately, around, roughly

這些副詞均有“大約，差不多”之意。

almost指在程度上相差很小，差不多。

nearly與almost含義基本相同，側(cè)重指數(shù)量、時(shí)間或空間上的接近。

about?？煞謅lmost和nearly換用，但about用于表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量的“大約”時(shí)，實(shí)際數(shù)量可能多也可能少。

approximately多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，指精確度接近某個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以致誤差可忽略不計(jì)。

around多用于非正式場(chǎng)合，常見(jiàn)于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。

roughly指按粗略估計(jì)，常代替about。

【例句用法】

I'll send someone to show you around.

我派人帶你到周圍轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)。

It'll be finished around Christmas.

這事將在圣誕節(jié)前後完成。

He turned around as he heard a noise behind him.

他聽(tīng)到身后有響聲，便轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)。

I will visit you around Christmas.

我將在圣誕節(jié)前后去拜訪你。

He looked around but could see nobody.

他四處望了一下，看不到什么人。

二.pleasant：adj.令人愉快的, 討人歡喜的, 舒適的

【詞義辨析】

pleasant, agreeable, nice

這些形容詞均含“令人愉快的，悅?cè)说?rdquo;之意。

pleasant普通用詞，指引起感官或精神愉快的人或事物。

agreeable指與某人的情趣一致適合其愛(ài)好而令其愉快中意。

nice口語(yǔ)用詞，泛指一切令人愉快的人或事物。

【例句用法】

The discussion resolved itself into a pleasant chat.

討論變成了愉快的閑聊。

We spent many hours in a pleasant conversation.

我們暢談了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

It was a pleasant surprise to learn of her marriage.

得知她結(jié)婚是件令人驚喜的事。

His pleasant voice and manner prejudiced the jury in his favor.

他那令人愉快的聲音和舉止使陪審團(tuán)對(duì)他產(chǎn)生了偏心。

Peter is so pleasant that everyone likes him.

彼得很風(fēng)趣，人人都喜歡他。