世界小史 第88期:世界的另一端

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 And now let us go to the opposite end of the world.

現(xiàn)在讓我們來(lái)到世界的另一端，

To India and then to China, so that we can find out what was going on in these vast lands at the time of the Persian wars.

來(lái)到印度，然后去中國(guó)，這樣我們可以知道波斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，在這些廣闊的土地上發(fā)生了什么事。

Like Mesopotamia, India also had a very ancient civilization, and at about the same time as the Sumerians were holding sway at Ur,

像美索不達(dá)米亞一樣，印度也有非常古老的文化，大致在蘇美爾人在烏爾城強(qiáng)大起來(lái)的同一時(shí)期,

that is, around 2,500 BC – there was a mighty1 city in the valley of the Indus.

也就是在公元前2500年左右——在印度河谷有一座大城市。

The Indus is a great river which flows through what is Pakistan today.

印度河是一條大河，流經(jīng)今天的巴基斯坦。

It had well-drained streets, canals, granaries and workshops, and was called Mohenjo Daro,

這座城市里有排水良好的街道、水渠、糧倉(cāng)和工場(chǎng)，它叫摩亨佐·達(dá)羅，

and until its discovery in the 1920s nobody had even dreamt of its existence.

在19世紀(jì)20年代它沒(méi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，沒(méi)有人想過(guò)它的存在。

When it was excavated2, things came to light that were as remarkable3 as any found in the rubble4 mounds5 at Ur.

當(dāng)它被挖掘出來(lái)時(shí)，大家才知道還有和覆蓋了烏爾城的廢墟一樣奇特的地方。