歷屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)介紹:第9任總統(tǒng) 威廉·亨利·哈里森

William Henry Harrison was the ninth President of theUnited States. He was born in 1773 into a wealthyplantation-owning family. He studied classics andhistory at college and then began studying medicinein 1791. In that same year, Harrison switchedinterests and joined the First Infantry of the RegularArmy. He headed to the Northwest, where he spentmuch of his life.

威廉·亨利·哈里森（William Henry Harrison）于1773年出生在種植者貴族家庭，是美國(guó)第九任總統(tǒng)。他在大學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí)古典文學(xué)和歷史。后于1791年，他開始學(xué)醫(yī)。同年，哈里森又將興趣轉(zhuǎn)向軍隊(duì)，加入了正規(guī)軍第一步兵營(yíng)。他后來(lái)前往西北，并在那里度過(guò)了一生中的大部分時(shí)光。

Harrison resigned from the army in 1798 to become Secretary of the Northwest Territory. Heused his contacts in the east to get elected to Congress. In 1801 he became Governor of theIndiana Territory, serving 12 years. His prime task as governor was to take over NativeAmerican lands. His victory in the Battle of the Thames against Native Americans and the Britishin 1813 made him a national hero.

哈里森1798年辭去軍中職務(wù)，擔(dān)任西北地區(qū)部長(zhǎng)。他利用東部關(guān)系，當(dāng)選為國(guó)會(huì)議員。他1801年成為印第安納州州長(zhǎng)，任職12年。哈里森作為印第安納州州長(zhǎng)，首要任務(wù)是接管印第安人的土地。哈里森1813年擊退前來(lái)進(jìn)犯的印第安人和英國(guó)人，取得了泰晤士河戰(zhàn)役的勝利，成為了美國(guó)的民族英雄。

Thereafter Harrison returned to civilian life. The Whigs, in need of a national hero, nominated him for President in 1840. He won by a majority of less than 150,000, but swept the ElectoralCollege, 234 to 60. He arrived in Washington in February 1841 and gave the longest Inaugural Address in American history. It took him nearly two hours to read.

哈里森自此過(guò)回了自己的平民生活。1840年，輝格黨人急需一位民族英雄，他們便將哈里森提名為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。哈里森以不足15萬(wàn)的多數(shù)票通過(guò)了美國(guó)總統(tǒng)候選人的選舉，并最終以234票對(duì)60票的表決結(jié)果震驚選舉團(tuán)。哈里森1841年2月來(lái)到華盛頓就職。哈里森的就職演說(shuō)以近兩個(gè)小時(shí)成了美國(guó)歷史上最長(zhǎng)的總統(tǒng)就職演說(shuō)。

Harrison died on April 4, 1841 of pneumonia. His 30 days in office is the shortest term of anyU.S. president. He was the first president to die in office and the last to be born under Britishrule (i.e. before the Declaration of Independence). Harrison was also the first president to havehis photograph taken. His grandson was the 23rd president making them the onlygrandparent–grandchild pair of presidents.

哈里森1841年4月4日因患肺炎逝世。他的執(zhí)政時(shí)間僅30天，比美國(guó)歷史上任何一位總統(tǒng)還要短。他是美國(guó)歷史上第一個(gè)在任內(nèi)逝世的總統(tǒng)，且屬于英國(guó)統(tǒng)治下的最后一代人(也就是說(shuō)，他出生在《獨(dú)立宣言》頒布之前)。此外，哈里森也是第一位照過(guò)相的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。他的孫子后來(lái)當(dāng)選為美國(guó)第二十三任總統(tǒng)，他們成了美國(guó)歷史上唯一一對(duì)祖孫倆都擔(dān)任過(guò)總統(tǒng)的總統(tǒng)。