CNN News:美國西半球事務(wù)助理國務(wù)卿前往古巴 擬重建美國駐古巴大使館

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Name: Carl Azuz. Date, January 22, Assignment, to bring current events to your class. We are glad you are watching. You probably haven`t heard of Roberta Jacobson. She`s the U.S. assistant secretary of state for Western affairs. And what she did yesterday was significant. She arrived in Havana, the capital of Cuba. She`s there to move forward on President Obama`s plan to reestablish an American embassy there.

今天是1月22號，我是Carl Azuz，這里是不含商業(yè)廣告的CNN學(xué)生新聞，歡迎大家收看。你可能沒聽說過羅伯塔雅各布森，她是負責(zé)美國西半球事務(wù)的助理國務(wù)卿。昨天她所做的事情有著非常重大的意義，昨天她抵達了古巴首都哈瓦那。為了執(zhí)行奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的外交政策前往該地，擬重新建立美國駐古巴大使館。

His decision to improve relations between the U.S. and Cuba is a controversial one. The president says the last 50 years of isolating the Caribbean nation haven`t worked, that the U.S. can be more influential over Cuba`s communist government by normalizing relations with it.

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)關(guān)于改善美國與古巴之間的外交關(guān)系之舉是備受爭議的?？偨y(tǒng)稱過去50年對加勒比海沿岸國家的隔離政策并沒有多大效果，美國可以通過關(guān)系正常化來對古巴共產(chǎn)黨政府展開進一步影響。

But shortly after that announcement Cuban President Raul Castro said the U.S. needed to respect Cuba`s communist rule. The rift between the two countries goes back to the Cold War.

但是聲明發(fā)布后不久古巴總統(tǒng)勞爾卡斯特羅稱美國需要尊重古巴的共產(chǎn)主義秩序。兩國之間的分歧沖突可以追溯到冷戰(zhàn)時期。

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KARL PENHAUL, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Why did U.S.- Cuba relations get so bad in the first place, highly controversial?

美國和古巴之間的關(guān)系一開始怎么就變成這樣了呢?

In the 1950s, Cuba was run by a dictator, and he wasn`t only backed by the United States, but he was also backed by the U.S. mafia. On the back of that then in 1959 we have a bunch of rebel fighters led by Fidel Castro and Che Guevara sweeping to power. And they over time moved well out of the orbit of U.S. influence and into the orbit of the Soviet Union. So, the fight between the U.S. and Cuba is really based against the backdrop of the Cold War between the world`s two superpowers: The United States and the Soviet Union. Now, in 1961, President Dwight Eisenhower, he decided enough is enough. We are going to break off diplomatic relations with Cuba. And that is what happened. Then later in 1961, I bet you`ve all heard of the Bay of Pigs, that is when the U.S. with a group of trained mercenaries by the CIA tried to invade Cuba. That failed. That was seen as a victory for the Cuba`s. Then pushed forward to 1962, the Cuba missile crisis, that`s when the Soviet Union started to put nukes on the island here pointing at the United States, and relations got so bad between the United States and Cuba it ran to push the whole world towards the brink of nuclear war.

早在1950年代，古巴被一個獨裁者統(tǒng)治著，而他不僅僅受到美國方面的支持，還受到美國黑手黨的支持。受背后力量的支持，在1959年被叛軍菲德爾卡斯特羅和切格瓦拉掌權(quán)。隨后他們從美國力量轉(zhuǎn)向蘇聯(lián)，所以說美國和古巴之間的對立關(guān)系實則是美國與蘇聯(lián)之間的對抗。在1961年艾森豪威爾德懷特總統(tǒng)決定與古巴斷絕外交關(guān)系。我猜大家都應(yīng)該聽說過1961年之后的豬灣事件，那是美國一支由CIA組織訓(xùn)練的雇傭軍隊試圖入侵古巴。行動最終失敗。這對于古巴來說是一次勝利，推動了1962年的古巴導(dǎo)彈危機。蘇聯(lián)方面想要在古巴沿岸島嶼上部署導(dǎo)彈，而目標(biāo)直指美國，這一舉動致使雙方關(guān)系徹底崩潰，推動了整個世界走向核戰(zhàn)爭的邊緣。

JOHN F.KENNEDY: It shall be the policy of this nation to regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba against any nation in the Western hemisphere as an attack by the Soviet Union on the United States.

這就是我們國家的政策，無論蘇聯(lián)指向西半球的任何一個國家都將被視為對美國的攻擊。

PENHAUL: That is just some examples about how things have gone so bad between the United States and Cuba over the years.

這僅僅是對于美國與古巴這么多年來關(guān)系僵局原因的一些說法。