金融英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)聽力教程第6課：美國(guó)金融制度(一)

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The American Financial System (1)

美國(guó)金融制度(一)

Situation 6

情景 6

Iwao Tanaka ,making his first business trip to the United States ,is talking to an American banker about the financial and monetary system of the U.S.

田中巖夫第一次因公出差工到美國(guó)，他正在與美國(guó)的一位銀行家談到美國(guó)金融和貨幣制度。

Tanaka:What is meant by the term Federal Reserve System ?Is that the central bank of the United States?

田 中：什么是美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)蓄系統(tǒng)?它是美國(guó)的中央銀行嗎?

Banker :Technically it is not ,Mr.Tanaka,but it functions in that capacity .

銀行家：從法律上講，它不是，田中先生。但是它發(fā)揮了那樣的作用。

The Federal Reserve System ,or the Fed as it is usually called,is the fiscal agent of the United States .

美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)即平常稱之為“聯(lián)邦”的是美國(guó)財(cái)政機(jī)構(gòu)。

It has authority to issure notes which are the main currency of the country ,

它有權(quán)發(fā)行作為國(guó)家主要貨幣的紙幣，

to control the money supply and to supervise banks and banking practices in the country .

有權(quán)控制貨仙的供應(yīng)量，并有權(quán)監(jiān)督國(guó)內(nèi)銀行及銀行業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)。

T;It's owned by the government ,isn't it ?

田 中：它屬于政府所有，是嗎?

B:No ,it isn't .Actually ,the Fed really consists of 12 banks which are owned by all the nationally chartered banks in their respective districts.

銀行家：不是的。實(shí)際上，美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)包括十二家銀行，這些銀行都是由所在地區(qū)的國(guó)家立案銀行掌握所有權(quán)。

But the supervisory board ,called the Board of Governors,is a government agency responsible to the Congress.

但是他被稱為“總裁理事會(huì)”的具有監(jiān)督作用的理事會(huì)是一個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)，它向國(guó)會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)。

T:What do you mean by nationally chartered banks?Don't all banks have to have charters?

田 中：您所說(shuō)的國(guó)家立案的銀行是什么意思?難道不是所有的銀行都必須立案嗎?

B:Yes,every bank must have a charter or license to do business .But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.

銀行家：是的，每個(gè)銀行都必須立案或者得到準(zhǔn)許證才能營(yíng)業(yè)。但是在美國(guó)，我們這里實(shí)行的是雙重銀行體制，

That means some banks are licensed by the Federal government and some by individual states.

就是說(shuō)，有些銀行是由聯(lián)邦政府簽發(fā)的準(zhǔn)許證，而有些則是各個(gè)州簽發(fā)的。

There are approximately 5,000 national banks and 10,000 state banks in the country .

在美國(guó)大約有5000所國(guó)立銀行和10000所州立銀行。

T:Are they all supervised by the Fed?

田 中：這些銀行受美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)監(jiān)督嗎?

B:Only the national banks are .

銀行家：不，只有國(guó)立銀行是這樣的。