新概念英語第二冊詳解第37課:The Olympic Games
The Olympic Games
奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)
First listen and then answer the question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
When was the last time this country hosted the Olympic Games?
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
Olympic adj. 奧林匹克的
hold v. 召開
government n. 政府
immense adj. 巨大的
stadium n. 露天體育場
standard n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
capital n. 首都
fantastic adj. 巨大的
design v. 設(shè)計(jì)
參考譯文
4年以后，奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在我們國家舉行。由于將有大批的人到我們國家來，所以政府準(zhǔn)備建造一些新的飯店、一個(gè)大型體育場和一個(gè)新的奧運(yùn)會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)游泳池。他們還將修筑一些新的道路和一條鐵路專線。奧運(yùn)會(huì)就在首都市郊舉辦，整個(gè)地區(qū)將被稱作“奧林匹克城”。工人們將在今年年底前把新路鋪好;到明年年底，他們將把新體育場建成。這些巨大的現(xiàn)代化建筑是由庫爾特.岡特設(shè)計(jì)的。大家都將急切地注視著新建筑的建成。我們都非常激動(dòng)，盼望著奧運(yùn)會(huì)的到來，因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)國家里還從未舉辦過奧運(yùn)會(huì)。
自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀
1.The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年以后，奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在我們國家舉行。
(1)作為專有名詞的一部分時(shí) games 的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。
(2)
這句話的語態(tài)是被動(dòng)語態(tài)用于一般將來時(shí)(will be held)。
(3)in four years' time，4年之后。 in的這種用法在第9課的語法中已經(jīng)講過，它通常與將來時(shí)連用表示“……時(shí)間之后”：
I'll be back in ten minutes or half an hour.
我10分鐘或半個(gè)小時(shí)以后回來。
名詞的所有格用于表示時(shí)間在第13課的語法中已經(jīng)提到過：
He will arrive in three hours' time.
他3小時(shí)以后到達(dá)。
2.As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 由于將有大批的人到我們國家來，
所以政府準(zhǔn)備建造一些新的飯店、一個(gè)大型體育場和一個(gè)新的奧運(yùn)會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)游泳池。
(1)連詞as用于表示原因時(shí)通常位于句首，這是因?yàn)樗砻鞯脑驅(qū)τ谥v話對象可能是已知的，因此沒有必要再予以強(qiáng)調(diào)。
連詞 because任何時(shí)候都可以代替as來說明一種或幾種原因，但是as則不一定總能代替 because：
As you can't type the letter yourself, you'll have to ask Susan to do it for you.
既然你自己不能用打字機(jī)打這封信，那你就請?zhí)K珊替你打吧。
because 一般跟在主句后面，強(qiáng)調(diào)講話對象可能不知道的原因：
Jim's trying to save more money because he wants to buy a car.
吉姆正設(shè)法多攢些錢，因?yàn)樗胭I輛車。
(2)building 后面的成分為它的3個(gè)并列賓語，每個(gè)賓語前面的冠詞都不可省略。
(3)Olympic-standard 是個(gè)“形容詞+名詞”形式的復(fù)合形容詞，作定語。雖然字典中通常不把它作為一個(gè)詞條，但它的含義是
一目了然的。
第32課中出現(xiàn)的 well-dressed 也是個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，
其構(gòu)成為“副詞+過去分詞”，它已被大家接受，作為固定的詞條出現(xiàn)于一般字典中。
3.a special railway line，一條鐵路專線。
special 在此處表示“專門的”、“特設(shè)的”。line 既可以籠統(tǒng)地指兩地間的“鐵路線路”，
又可以具體地指包括路基、枕木等的“鐵路軌線”。
4.by the end of this year，在今年年底前。
by表示“在某時(shí)之前”、“
并不晚于某時(shí)的任何時(shí)間”。它不能與表示一段時(shí)間的名詞連用，只能與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞或詞組連用，用于肯定句與用于否定句時(shí)有一定區(qū)別：
5.Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.大家都將急切地注視著新建筑的建成。
(1)watch 在此處表示“關(guān)注”而不是真的盯著看。
(2)as在這里為連詞，相當(dāng)于while，表示“當(dāng)”、“正值”，它引導(dǎo)的從句雖然表示將來的動(dòng)作，但要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
(3)go up 為短語動(dòng)詞，其含義之一為“(建筑物)被興建起來”：
Many new houses are going up in this district.
這個(gè)地區(qū)正興建許多新房子。
語法 Grammar in use
一般將來完成時(shí)(The future perfect simple tense)
(1)在第12課和第13課的語法中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了一般將來時(shí)和將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。
一般將來時(shí)除了可以用來預(yù)言將來發(fā)生的事以外，還可以表示“意愿”，如允諾、建議、請求、提議等：
The radio hasn't been mended yet.
收音機(jī)還沒有修好。
Never mind! I'll mend it for you.
別擔(dān)心!我會(huì)給你修的。(允諾)
Will you open the door for me please!
請你幫我開一下門好嗎?(請求)
Shall we go for a swim tomorrow?
我們明天去游泳好嗎?(建議)
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)除了表示最近或不久的將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作外，
還可以表示計(jì)劃或安排好的事：
A great many people will be visiting the country.
許多人將到我們國家來。(將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)
The government will be building new roads.
政府準(zhǔn)備修筑一些新的道路。(計(jì)劃好的事)
(2)將來完成時(shí)用于表示到將來某一時(shí)刻已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作：
將來完成時(shí)由will have+ 過去分詞構(gòu)成。它常與by和not…till/ until+ 表示時(shí)間的名詞連用：
I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.
我希望到明天你就會(huì)改變主意了。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.hold vt.
(1)拿著，抓住，抱住：
Please hold the baby while I take off my coat.
我脫外衣的時(shí)候請幫我抱一下孩子。
Why are you holding my bag?
你為什么抓住我的包?
(2)容納，裝得下，包含：
This cup can't hold much water.
這杯子裝不了多少水。
The stadium can hold 20,000 people.
這個(gè)體育場能容納兩萬人。
(3)舉行(會(huì)議、會(huì)談等);慶祝(節(jié)日)：
The Olympic Games will be held just outside the capital.
奧運(yùn)會(huì)就在首都市郊舉辦。
When are we going to hold the next meeting?
我們什么時(shí)候舉行下次會(huì)議?
2.look的一些固定短語
(1)look forward to常用于表示高興地
“盼望”、“期待”，to為介詞，因此后面只能跟名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞，不能接動(dòng)詞原形：
We are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
我們盼望著奧運(yùn)會(huì)的到來，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)國家還從未舉辦過奧運(yùn)會(huì)。
I look forward to seeing you during the weekend.
我盼望著周末見到你。
(2)look out 除表示“朝外看”以外，
還可以表示“注意”、“留神”，尤其在祈使句中：
You should always look out when you walk across a road.
你過馬路時(shí)要留神。
Look out! There's something in the middle of the road.
小心!馬路中間有東西。
(3)look up 的含義之一為“(在字典、參考書等中)查找”：
He looked up the word in several dictionaries.
他在幾本字典中查了這個(gè)單詞。
它還可以表示“看望”、“拜訪”某個(gè)人，一般用于口語中：
I'm going to look up Mary this afternoon.
我打算今天下午去看望瑪麗。
3.design
(1)vt.，vi.設(shè)計(jì)圖樣：
These modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter.
這些現(xiàn)代化建筑是由庫爾特·岡特設(shè)計(jì)的。
George has designed a new bridge.
喬治設(shè)計(jì)了一座新橋。
(2)vt.，vi.打算(做……)，計(jì)劃：
He designed to enter for the competition.
他打算報(bào)名參加競賽。
This book is designed for foreign tourists.
這本書是為外國游客設(shè)計(jì)的。
(3)n.圖樣，圖紙;設(shè)計(jì)：
Here is the design of the new house.
這是這座新房子的圖紙。
Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.
蘇珊剛畫了一個(gè)新的衣服樣式。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
A What will happen: will be held(1.1); will be held(1.5);will be called(1.6)
What will be happening: will be visiting (1.2); will be building(1.3); will also be building (1.4); will be watching (1.9)
What will have happened: will have completed(1.7); will have finished (1.8)
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
1 holding… looking forward to 2 look out 3 look… up
4 is holding 5 look… up 6 held… looking forward to
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1c 2b 3b 4b 5b 6d
7 a 8 c 9 d 10 b 11b 12 a
【New words and expressions】 生詞和短語
★Olympic adj. 奧林匹克的
Olympic Games 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，簡稱 the Games
★hold v. 召開
hold,held,held
have a meeting 召開會(huì)議
hold a meeting 召開會(huì)議
hold a party 召開宴會(huì)
被動(dòng)：The meeting will be held.
The Olympic Games will be held in China in 2008
★government n. 政府
★immense adj. 巨大的
big,large 大的
huge 巨大
great 大的，偉大的
immense/i'mens/ 極大的，無邊的
immense ocean
great man 偉人;big man 大人物; large man 大塊頭
huge (體積)巨大，龐大
★stadium n. 露天體育場
playground 操場
sports field 運(yùn)動(dòng)場 sports：各種各樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)
gymnasium：體育;gym 體育館
★standard n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
high standard 高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
Olympic standard 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)中的最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
★capital n. 首都
capital 大寫的
★fantastic adj. 巨大的，宏偉
★design v. 設(shè)計(jì)
designer n. 設(shè)計(jì)師
well-designed 設(shè)計(jì)不錯(cuò)
【課文講解】
4 years later 四年后
The Olympic Games will be held in our country...
as/because 引導(dǎo)原因
a large number of peope/a great many people 大部分的人
be visiting the country
be building 建設(shè)
an immense stadium 一個(gè)大型體育場
a new Olympic-standard swimming pool 一個(gè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的游泳池
be building 修建
special railway-line 專線鐵路
outside the capital 市郊
Olympic City 奧林匹克城
by the end of this year 到今年年底前
by 完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示到……為止
現(xiàn)在完成式：到現(xiàn)在某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間為止
過去完成式：到過去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間為止
將來完成式：到將來某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間為止，某個(gè)動(dòng)詞已經(jīng)發(fā)生
will have done
by the end of next year 到明年年底前
By the end of next year ,they will have finished/completed the work on the new stadium.
work on....……的工程
modern buildings 現(xiàn)代化建筑
fantastic 巨大的
...have been designed by....
Everybody will be watching anxiously ...人們都將密切注視……
as the new buildings go up
as 隨著，引導(dǎo)從句，狀語從句不用將來時(shí)態(tài)
be built 強(qiáng)調(diào)建造
go up 拔地而起
be excited 激動(dòng)的
look forward to + n./doing 期待(很高興的)
because 因?yàn)?/p>
because they have never been held before in this country.
before 在此之前
He will be watching anxiously as... :密切注意
將來完成時(shí) will have done(till,until)
4......
by the end of next year
by：到。。。為止，在。。。之前
7......
because：強(qiáng)調(diào)后面的是原因
because of：(介詞短語)
why……不能直接做連詞
due to：(介詞短語)由于
His success is due to his hard work.
12......
look forward to：期待(高興)
expect：期待
be pleased：感到高興的，令人滿意地
be pleased to do sth：樂于做某事
5.....b
完成的概念
be complete
complete：(adj)完全的; (v.)完成
are now completed
are complete
【Special difficulties】
a.Hold(會(huì)議，宴會(huì))
b.Look
look forward to+名詞/動(dòng)詞的-ing
look out：當(dāng)心
look up：查閱;拜訪
look up words in the dictionary
look up sth. in the book
look sb. up
1....holding....looking forward to...
be+動(dòng)詞-ing
2....look(him)up...
knock over：撞到
“Who's Who”:《名人大全》
4....held...
debate on：辯論
三步：1.dialogue
2.discussion
3.debate
capital:首都;大寫
capital punishment：極刑
5......look(her)up...
look up：拜訪，看
6....held...looking forward to...
hold an exam：舉行考試
take the exam：接受考試
【Composition】
1.Both my bother and I are going to the Olympic Games.
2.We bought tickets a long time ago and (we) shall be leaving soon.
3.We shall not only see the games but visit many parts of the country as well.
