設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)之 專利設(shè)計　Design Patent

設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)之 專利設(shè)計　Design Patent

設(shè)計專利（design patent）是對一個實用項目設(shè)計所授予的專利。在美國，這被稱作是外觀設(shè)計專利。同樣的概念在一些別的國家被稱作外觀設(shè)計注冊（registered design）。雖然名稱各異，但都起到了促進創(chuàng)新、保護知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的作用。通過下面的分析和例子，我們一同看看如何為設(shè)計申請專利。

搜尋

在國家專利商標局的網(wǎng)站上進行專利檢索（conduct a patent search）。通過關(guān)鍵字和詞組（keywords and phrases）來搜尋是否存在類似或完全一樣的設(shè)計，這樣可以避免在審核設(shè)計的過程中因為被發(fā)現(xiàn)雷同而遭到拒絕。

⊙Did you search to make sure there isn't anything similar already patented?你有沒有查詢并確保沒有類似的已經(jīng)是專利的內(nèi)容？

⊙This is an original idea.這是一個原創(chuàng)的想法。

⊙What other keywords should I try searching under?我應(yīng)該試著通過什么關(guān)鍵詞來查詢？

申請

從國家專利商標局網(wǎng)站下載并填寫設(shè)計專利申請表，郵寄該申請表到網(wǎng)站上指定的地址。此后將收到個人記錄的一個申請?zhí)枺╝pplication number）和立案收據(jù)（filing receipt）。

⊙The application is quite simple really.申請事實上非常簡單。

⊙The application is in the mail.申請已經(jīng)郵寄出去了。

⊙I've requested a file number for my patent application.我已經(jīng)索取了一個我的專利申請的檔案號。

⊙What kinds of fees are involved in the registering of a patent?在注冊專利時要付哪些費用？

⊙Do we need to enlist the help of a lawyer?我們需要律師幫助嗎？

⊙This unique patented design is exclusively ours.唯一擁有專利設(shè)計的是我們。

⊙Legally, they haven't got a leg to stand on.在法律上他們站不住腳。

⊙They say there's nothing new under the sun.他們說天下無新事。

⊙We need to file for a design patent because it protects our investment.我們需要為我們的設(shè)計申請專利，因為它能保護我們的投資。

⊙Having a design patent gives us a legal arm when dealing with copycats.擁有專利為我們提供了一個對付那些模仿者的法律武器。

設(shè)計圖紙

在繪制設(shè)計圖紙（design drawings）時要用墨水筆，并且包含不同角度（different angles）的描繪。專利審計人員在對比（compare）類似的已存在的專利設(shè)計時，會拒絕那些差別描述不夠清晰或者完全一樣的（duplicate）設(shè)計申請。

⊙Is the design clear enough in these technical drawings, or do you think I need another picture from a different angle?

設(shè)計在技術(shù)圖紙上夠清晰嗎？或者你認為我需要一張別的角度的圖紙嗎？

⊙The application was rejected because the examiner found a duplicate design in the database.

申請被拒絕是因為審計員在資料庫中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張完全一樣的設(shè)計。

回復(fù)及時（respond in a timely manner）

在完成第一步的申請后，根據(jù)立案收據(jù)上的時間限制，及時回復(fù)當(dāng)局是否還有資料要補充。當(dāng)局在收到你的申請的那一刻起，你的發(fā)明和設(shè)計就已經(jīng)在保護的有效期內(nèi)了。

A：How's your patent application coming?

B：I've already applied and sent in my technical drawings. Now I'm just waiting to receive notice from the office.

A：你的專利申請進展如何？

B：我已經(jīng)申請了并且已經(jīng)把我的技術(shù)圖紙寄去處理了，我現(xiàn)在只是在等他們辦公室的消息。

總結(jié)

申請專利的目的不僅在于保護知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，打擊抄襲剽竊，更重要的是從法律的角度來保護和促進技術(shù)的革新與進步。對于自己的智慧結(jié)晶應(yīng)當(dāng)及早提起申請。為了避免浪費時間，應(yīng)當(dāng)先了解同類型產(chǎn)品的申請情況，避免重復(fù)。此外，申請時附上清晰的圖紙和詳細的說明，會加快審核的效率。

Words　單詞表

application申請

copy復(fù)制，拷貝

copycat模仿者

exclusively獨家的，專門的

intend打算，想要，企圖

investment投資

legally合法地，從法律上

mostly大多，大部分的

necessary必要的，必需的

overseas海外的，國外的

protect保護

similar相似的，類似的

simple簡單的，單純的

unique獨特的，唯一的

Phrases　短語表

be granted a patent被授予專利權(quán)

not have a leg to stand on站不住腳

enlist（sb's）help尋求（某人）幫助

get through（a process）結(jié)束，完成一個過程

file for申請

have a legal arm擁有法律武器

house lawyer公司律師

in the mail在信里，在郵箱里

make a profit（on sth）（在某事物上）賺錢

no matter無論

no reason why沒有理由

There is nothing new under the sun天下無新事

private individual私營個體

receive notice接收通知

send in呈報，遞交

technical drawings技術(shù)圖紙

實景對話1

A：How's your patent application coming?

B：I've already applied and sent in my technical drawings. Now I'm just waiting to receive notice from the office.

A：Actually, I wanted to ask you a few questions about how you got through the patent process, because I'm looking into applying for a patent on some of the work I've done, too.

B：Really?The application is quite simple really.

A：I know. My application is in the mail.But I am not sure about how hard it is to actually be granted a patent once you've applied. Do I need to enlist the help of a lawyer?

B：Sometimes larger corporations enlist the services of their house lawyers to do it, but there's no reason why a private individual with a good idea should have to get a lawyer to be granted a patent. Did you search to make sure there isn't anything similar already patented?

A：Uh, no……I didn't realize I had to do that.

B：It's always a useful step. With the first design I sent in for patenting, the application was rejected because the examiner found a duplicate design in the database. If I had done the search myself, I could have made the necessary adjustments and saved us all a little time.

A：你的專利申請進展如何？

B：我已經(jīng)提出申請并且寄去了我的技術(shù)圖紙，現(xiàn)在就等他們辦公室的通知了。

A：事實上，我是想問你一些有關(guān)怎么申請專利的問題，因為我正在了解如何為我的一些作品申請專利。

B：真的嗎？申請其實很簡單。

A：我知道，我已經(jīng)通過郵件寄去了申請。但是我不清楚申請之后得到專利授權(quán)會有多難。我是否需要向律師求助？

B：一些較大的公司會尋求內(nèi)部律師來辦這些事，但是作為一個有好點子的私人個體，沒有必要為了得到專利去找律師。你查找并且確認過不存在任何類似的已經(jīng)注冊的專利嗎？

A：哦，沒有……我沒有意識到我得那樣做。

B：這一步很重要。我的第一個設(shè)計申請專利的時候，申請被拒就是因為審核者在資料庫中發(fā)現(xiàn)一個完全一樣的設(shè)計。如果我當(dāng)時自己查詢一下，我就可以做一些必要的調(diào)整，能夠省一些我們的時間。

實景對話2

A：We need to file for a design patent because it protects our investment.

B：Is having a patent really necessary?Our products are mostly sold overseas, so it seems like we wouldn't have much to worry about.

A：No matter which country we intend to market our devices, we want to be sure we're covered. Having a design patent gives us a legal arm when dealing with copycats.

B：Well, what if we do have a problem with someone copying our design and trying to make a profit on it?

A：Once we've got our patent, this unique patented design is exclusively ours. If someone copies us, legally, they haven't got a leg to stand on.

B：They say there's nothing new under the sun. How do we know our idea isn't already copying someone else's?

A：I guess we'll find that out when we apply for our patent. The point isn't about who had the idea first, the point is who registers the patent on the idea first.

A：我們需要申請設(shè)計專利，因為這樣才能保護我們的投資。

B：擁有專利真的那么必要嗎？我們的產(chǎn)品大部分是銷往海外的，所以看上去我們沒有太多要擔(dān)心的。

A：不管我們向哪個國家銷售我們的設(shè)備，我們都要確保得到保護。擁有專利為我們提供了一個對付抄襲者的法律武器。

B：如果我們真碰上某人復(fù)制我們的設(shè)計并試圖以此牟利該怎么辦？

A：一旦我們擁有專利，這個唯一的專利設(shè)計就只能是我們的。如果某人抄襲我們，他們在法律上就站不住腳。

B：那他們會說天下無新事。我們怎么知道我們的想法就不是抄襲別的什么人的？

A：我想在申請專利的時候我們就會知道會不會有這個問題存在。關(guān)鍵不在于誰先有那個主意，而在于誰先對這個主意擁有專利。