大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊 Unit 6b

[00:00.00] cautious\ display\ accompany\ exhibit [00:03.45]謹慎\展示\陪同\展示 [00:06.90]typical\ pull oneself together\ purchase\ nevertheless [00:10.72]典型的\振作起來\ 買\雖然如此 [00:14.55]take to\ magnificent\ shed light to\ indicate [00:18.22]喜歡上\宏大的\闡明\表明 [00:21.89]observe\ alarm\ reject [00:26.91]Do animals fall in love? [00:29.94]These striking tales suggest that they may, [00:34.30]but read on and decide for yourself. [00:37.96]DO ANIMALS FALL IN LOVE? by Jeffery Moussaieff Masson and Susan McCarthy [00:46.79]Humans believe they know what love is, and value it highly. [00:52.09]Yet many who study animal behavior are [00:56.03]cautious about saying animals experience love [01:00.89]preferring to say they are not displaying "true love", [01:05.85]but simply following the dictates of their genes [01:10.53]Is it really as simple as all that? [01:13.77]What about the animals who stay together until one dies [01:20.25]Evolutionary biologists [01:23.59]often say that pairing is a way to ensure adequate parental care [01:30.44]but it's not always clear this is the case. [01:34.69]Some animals continue to accompany each other [01:38.95]when not raising young. [01:41.80]And they appear to exhibit sorrow [01:45.25]or show a sense of loss when one of the pair dies. [01:49.82]Konrad Lorenz, studying the behavior of geese, describes a typical example. [01:57.66]Ado's mate,Susanne-Elisabeth was killed by a fox. [02:03.27]He stood silently by her partly eaten body,which lay across their nest [02:10.12]In the following days, he hung his head and his eyes became vacant. [02:15.86]Because he did not have the heart [02:18.61]to defend himself from the attacks of the other geese, [02:22.84]his status in the flock fell sharply [02:27.51]A year went by. Finally Ado pulled himself together and found another mate. [02:35.45]Animals may fall in love dramatically. [02:39.40]According to Lorenz two geese are most likely to "fall in love" [02:45.36]when they have known each other as youngsters, [02:49.06]been separated and then meet again.(1) He compared this to a man [02:55.31]who meets a woman and -- astonished [02:58.96]that she is the same girl he used to see running around in a school uniform [03:04.53]falls in love and marries her. [03:07.87]According to parrot specialist Sue Athanl [03:12.63]it is common for some parrots to fall in love at first sight. [03:18.32]Instinct may urge animals to love, but it does not say whom they will love. [03:25.14]Seeking a mate for a male parrot [03:28.48]Athan purchased a fine-feathered young female and introduced the two birds. [03:35.41]To Athan's disappointment [03:39.25]"the male nevertheless acted like the female wasn't even in the room." [03:46.30]A few months later Athan was given an older female in extremely poor condition [03:54.14]"She didn't have a feather from the neck down,". [03:57.48]she says."Her feet were all twisted. She had lines around her eyes [04:03.36]And yet the male thought she was the love of his life. [04:08.89]The two birds immediately paired off and eventually produced young. [04:14.01](2) Zookeepers know, to their despair [04:17.44]that many species of animals [04:20.57]will not breed with just any other animal of their species. [04:25.74]Timmy,a gorilla in the Cleveland Zoo [04:29.27]declined to mate with two female gorillas introduced to him. [04:34.81]But when he met a gorilla named Kate [04:38.26]they took to each other at once. [04:41.42]When it was thouuht that Kate was unable to reproduce,because of her advanced age [04:47.76]zookeepers decided to send Timmy to another zoo, [04:52.60]where he might have a chance to breed successfully. [04:56.86]Defending the zoo's decision to separate the animals, the zoo director said [05:02.76]It sickens me when people start to put human emotions in animals. [05:08.48]We can't think of them [05:10.73]as some kind of magnificent human being: they are animals. [05:16.32]When people start saying animals have emotions [05:21.36]they cross the bridge of reality."Jane GoodalL. [05:26.32]whose work has shed light on the emotional life of chimpanzees also writes, [05:33.87](3) I cannot think of chimpanzees developing emotions, one for the other [05:41.32]comparable in any way to the tenderness, protectiveness [05:47.06]to lerance and spiritual joy that are the mark of human love in its truest and deepest sense [05:56.39]Yet there is evidence of love in the devotion that members of pairs heap on each other [06:04.54]Geese, swans and mandarin ducks are all symbols of marital faithfulness; [06:11.20]field biologists tell us this is true to life [06:16.48]Coyotes, often thought of as representing trickery, [06:21.44]would make equally good symbols of devotion [06:25.88]since they also form lasting pairs. [06:30.32]Observations indicate that they begin to form pair attachments [06:36.56]before they are sexually active. [06:40.01]In his study of coyotes, Hope Ryden tells how pairs can be observed curling up together [06:47.85]hunting mice together and greeting each other with elaborate displays. [06:53.54]Ryden describes two coyotes mating. Afterward [07:00.52]the female tapped the male with her paw and licked his face. [07:06.16]Then they curled up to sleep [07:09.53]This looks a lot like romantic love. [07:13.29]Whatever distinctions may be made between the love of two people [07:19.04]and the love of two animals,the essence frequently seems the same. [07:25.81]An animal raised by another species [07:29.33]will often show affection for a member of that species when it grows up. [07:35.26]Gavin Maxwell tells of an otter called Tibby,who was raised by a man [07:42.63]who lived on an island off the coast of Scotland [07:46.86]and who got around with the help of a walking stick [07:50.91]When he became seriously ill [07:54.36]he took Tibby to Maxwell and asked him to look after the otter. [07:59.40]The man died not long after. [08:03.24]Tibby made a habit of escaping and visiting the nearest village. [08:08.99]There she found a man who used a walking stick, [08:14.26]She tried to build a nest under his house, but he chased her away. [08:20.61]A short time later Tibby disappeared again [08:25.57]One day Maxwell received a call from a person who had been alarmed by an otter [08:32.13]that had acted strangely [08:35.60]even trying to follow him indoors. [08:39.44]"You don't by any chance use a walking stick,do you?"asked Maxwell. [08:46.71]"Yes," he replied with astomshment in his voice, [08:50.96]"but how in the world could you know that?" [08:56.01](4)While the idea of love among animals [08:59.95]has been generally rejected by science, doubts remain [09:06.19]For stories such as these suggest that some animals may experience joy, [09:09.68]謹慎 展示 陪同 展示典型的 振作起來 買 雖然如此喜歡上 宏大的 闡明 表明注意 使恐慌 拒絕接受 [09:13.17]love and heartbreak remarkably like our own.

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