TED演講:讓小孩學會承擔

　　Kids，take charge

　　讓小孩學會承擔

　　Contagious is a good word. Even in the times of H1N1, I like the word. Laughter is contagious. Passion is contagious. Inspiration is contagious. We've heard some remarkable stories from some remarkable speakers. But for me, what was contagious about all of them was that they were infected by something I call the "I Can" bug.

　　傳染 是一個好詞 即使在甲流肆虐的今天，我也喜歡這個詞 笑是會傳染的，熱情是會傳染的 靈感是會傳染的 我們都聽過一些杰出的演講者們講過各自精彩的故事 但是在我看來，有種相同的東西在影響他們 就是他們都被“傳染”一種，我稱之為 “我能行”的病毒

　　So, the question is, why only them? In a country of a billion people and some, why so few? Is it luck? Is it chance? Can we all not systematically and consciously get infected? So, in the next eight minutes I would like to share with you my story. I got infected when I was 17, when, as a student of the design college, I encountered adults who actually believed in my ideas, challenged me and had lots of cups of chai with me. And I was struck by just how wonderful it felt, and how contagious that feeling was. I also realized I should have got infected when I was seven.

　　所以，問題就來了，為什么只有他們能被傳染(而獲得成功)? 在一個擁有10億多人口的泱泱大國 為什么只有這么少的人? 真的是運氣和機遇么? 能不能有計劃的地，有意識地 被“傳染”呢? 好，在接下來的8分鐘里，我想和你們分享我關(guān)于“傳染”的故事 當我只有17歲的時候我就被“傳染”了 那時候，作為一個還在設計院校學習的學生 我和大人們交流想法，而他們真的認同了我的想法 不斷和我辯論，我們喝茶聊天，探討的很深入。 我很震撼，這種感覺是那么的奇妙 是那樣具有感染力 我多么希望，我早在7歲的時候就被“傳染”了啊

　　So, when I started Riverside school 10 years ago it became a lab, a lab to prototype and refine a design process that could consciously infect the mind with the "I Can" bug. And I uncovered that if learning is embedded in real-world context, that if you blur the boundaries between school and life, then children go through a journey of "aware," where they can see the change, "enable," be changed, and then "empower," lead the change. And that directly increased student wellbeing. Children became more competent, and less helpless. But this was all common sense.

　　所以，10年前，當我來到河沿小學的時候，我就開始了教學試驗 我在那里創(chuàng)建和完善設計一個流程 一個可以不斷傳染給人“我能行”意念的流程 并且我做到了! 那就是如果能把學習帶到現(xiàn)實當中來 如果你模糊課堂教學和生活實踐的分界線 那么，孩子們將經(jīng)歷一個自己認知事物的過程 在這個過程中，他們能看到發(fā)生改變 改變生效，接受改變 然后受到鼓舞，主導改變 并且可以直接提升學生的幸福感 孩子們變得更有競爭力 不再感到無助 而這些其實都是常識，幾乎人人都知道

　　So, I'd like to show you a little glimpse of what common practice looks like at Riverside. A little background: when my grade five was learning about child rights, they were made to roll incense sticks, agarbattis, for eight hours to experience what it means to be a child laborer. It transformed them. What you will see is their journey, and then their utter conviction that they could go out and change the world. (Music)

　　所以接下來，我要給你們看看我們在河沿小學 是怎么實踐這一過程的 簡單介紹一下背景：我們五年級的學生正在學習兒童權(quán)益的課程 他們被要求制作 廟里用的香 用瓊脂二糖，工作8小時 讓他們體驗到童工的境遇 畫面切給他們，你將看到他們的這次體驗 和接下來他們完整而深刻的理解和體會 帶著這種經(jīng)驗他們將走出課堂改變世界! ???????

　　That's them rolling. And in two hours, after their backs were broke, they were changed. And once that happened, they were out in the city convincing everybody that child labor just had to be abolished. And look at Ragav, that moment when his face changes because he's been able to understand that he has shifted that man's mindset. And that can't happen in a classroom. So, when Ragav experienced that he went from "teacher told me," to "I am doing it." And that's the "I Can" mindshift. And it is a process that can be energized and nurtured.

　　他們在做香 兩個小時以后，他們后背開始酸痛 他們被改變了 一旦他們感受到了，被改變了 他們就會用切身感受說服城市里的每一個人 童工必須被禁止 注意Ragav，他的表情變化 因為他知道，他 改變了那個大人的想法 這你在教室里是絕對不會看到的 所以，當Ragav經(jīng)歷以后，他從 “老師教我的” 變成“我正在做”，這就是“我能行”的思維轉(zhuǎn)變! 而這是一個可以被激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)的過程

　　But we had parents who said, "Okay, making our children good human beings is all very well, but what about math and science and English? Show us the grades." And we did. The data was conclusive. When children are empowered, not only do they do good, they do well, in fact very well, as you can see in this national benchmarking assessment taken by over 2,000 schools in India, Riverside children were outperforming the top 10 schools in India in math, English and science.

　　不過也有家長擔心 “好吧，我們孩子能造福人類這非常好” “但是數(shù)學，自然科學，英語，這些課程耽誤了怎么辦??” ”給我看看成績“ 我們給他看了?！崒嵲谠诘臄?shù)據(jù)表明 當孩子們被信任和賦予權(quán)力去做一件事 不論他們擅不擅長 他們都能做好，實際上非常非常好 從這張全印度超過2000所學校參加的 對比評估報告上看 河沿小學的孩子排名全印度前10。 包括在數(shù)學，英語和自然科學所有方面。

　　So, it worked. It was now time to take it outside Riverside. So, on August 15th, Independence Day, 2007, the children of Riverside set out to infect Ahmedabad. Now it was not about Riverside school. It was about all children. So, we were shameless. We walked into the offices of the municipal corporation, the police, the press, businesses, and basically said, "When are you going to wake up and recognize the potential that resides in every child? When will you include the child in the city? Basically, open your hearts and your minds to the child."

　　所以，這方法很有效，應該推廣出去 所以，2007年的8月15號，國慶節(jié)那天 孩子們走出校園去“傳染”整個Ahmedabad城(印度西部大城市) 現(xiàn)在，這不光光是河沿小學的事 這關(guān)系到所有的孩子，所以我們“厚著臉皮”，不再羞怯。 走進市政廳，走進警察局，走進出版社 走進各個公司，市場 我們說：“你什么時候才會覺醒，” “而意識到每個孩子幼小的身體里面都蘊藏著巨大潛力?” “你什么時候才會把孩子們當作社會的一分子?” 其實很簡單，只要你像孩子敞開心扉，和他們交流想法。

　　So, how did the city respond? Since 2007 every other month the city closes down the busiest streets for traffic and converts it into a playground for children and childhood. Here was a city telling its child, "You can." A glimpse of infection in Ahmedabad. Video: [Unclear] So, the busiest streets closed down. We have the traffic police and municipal corporation helping us. It gets taken over by children. They are skating. They are doing street plays. They are playing, all free, for all children. (Music)

　　你們猜，人們做了怎樣的回應? 從2007年開始，每兩個月 城市里面最繁忙的街道停止行車 而臨時改造為孩子們嬉戲的樂園 這就是這座城市告訴她的孩子們的："你們能行!" 來看一下當時的情況 (印地語) 繁忙的街道不通車了 有交警和市里的官員幫助我們 街道被孩子們接管了~ 他們溜冰，玩街頭游戲 嬉戲，完全的免費，完全的屬于孩子們 ????????

　　Atul Karwal: aProCh is an organization which has been doing things for kids earlier. And we plan to extend this to other parts of the city. (Music)

　　Atul Karwal：Aproch是個此前一直以來服務少年兒童的組織 我們計劃將此推廣到城市的其他角落 ???????

　　Kiran Bir Sethi: And the city will give free time. And Ahmedabad got the first child-friendly zebra crossing in the world.

　　Kiran Bir Sethi：城市會提供自由的時間 Ahmedabad擁有世界上提一條兒童愛心人行橫道

　　Geet Sethi: When a city gives to the children, in the future the children will give back to the city. (Music)

　　Geet Sethi：現(xiàn)在城市照顧孩子們 他們將來會回報這座城市 ?????

　　KBS: And because of that, Ahmedabad is known as India's first child-friendly city.

　　KBS：因此 Ahmedabad已被認為是印度首座兒童愛心城市

　　So, you're getting the pattern. First 200 children at Riverside. Then 30,000 children in Ahmedabad, and growing. It was time now to infect India. So, on August 15th, again, Independence Day, 2009, empowered with the same process, we empowered 100,000 children to say, "I can." How? We designed a simple toolkit, converted it into eight languages, and reached 32,000 schools. We basically gave children a very simple challenge. We said, take one idea, anything that bothers you, choose one week, and change a billion lives.

　　所以，要在樹立一個榜樣。先是河沿小學的200名兒童 然后是Ahmedabad全城3萬多個孩子，繼續(xù)發(fā)展 現(xiàn)在遍及整個印度 所以在8月15號那天 2009年的國慶 用同樣的方法 我們使得10萬名兒童說：“我能行”!! 你問怎么實現(xiàn)的?我們做了套簡單的工具 翻譯成8種語言(印度方言) 發(fā)給了3萬2千多所學校 只給孩子們非常簡單的任務 我們說，選一個話題， 任何煩繞你的話題 然后找一周 來改變10億人的生活

　　And they did. Stories of change poured in from all over India, from Nagaland in the east, to Jhunjhunu in the west, from Sikkim in the north, to Krishnagiri in the south. Children were designing solutions for a diverse range of problems. Right from loneliness to filling potholes in the street to alcoholism, and 32 children who stopped 16 child marriages in Rajasthan. I mean, it was incredible. Basically again reaffirming that when adults believe in children and say, "You can," then they will. Infection in India. This is in Rajasthan, a rural village.

　　他們做到了! 于是關(guān)于改變的故事 從印度各地如雪片般飛來 東起Nagaland 西至JhunJhunu 北及Sikkim，南通Krishnagiri 孩子們自行設計了各式各樣問題的解決方案 從消除孤獨感覺，修補路面不平 再到酗酒 并且32個來自Rajasthan的學生 取消了他們的娃娃親 我想說，這是多么不可思議啊!!! 這不正再次說明了當大人信任孩子 對他們說“你能行”的時候，他們就真行嘛!! 請看短片 “傳染”在印度 這是Rajasthan，一個田園小村莊

　　Child: Our parents are illiterate and we want to teach them how to read and write. KBS: First time, a rally and a street play in a rural school -- unheard of -- to tell their parents why literacy is important. Look at what their parents says.

　　(視頻里的兒童在講印地語)大意：我爸媽是文盲，我要教他們?nèi)绾握J字寫字 第一次，在一所不知名的田園小學中開展接力賽和街頭游戲 來告訴父母們文化教育非常重要 看看他們父母說什么

　　Man: This program is wonderful. We feel so nice that our children can teach us how to read and write.

　　(男人在講印地語)大意：這個活動太棒了。 我們從孩子那里學會了認字和寫字，太棒了!

　　Woman: I am so happy that my students did this campaign. In the future, I will never doubt my students' abilities. See? They have done it.

　　(女人在講印地語)大意：我的學生參加了這次活動我十分高興 以后，我再也不會懷疑他們的能力了。 看!他們已經(jīng)做到啦!

　　KBS: An inner city school in Hyderabad. Girl: 581. This house is 581 ...

　　在Hyderabad市內(nèi)的一所學校 (女孩在講印地語)大意：581，這是581

　　We have to start collecting from 555.

　　我們應該從555開始收集(垃圾)……

　　KBS: Girls and boys in Hyderabad, going out, pretty difficult, but they did it.

　　Hyderabad的男孩女孩，走出去 相當困難，但是他們做到了!

　　Woman: Even though they are so young, they have done such good work. First they have cleaned the society, then it will be Hyderabad, and soon India.

　　(女人在講印地語)大意：他們雖然年輕，卻做得很好! 他們先是打掃了我們的社區(qū)，接下來是Hyderabad城，然后是整個印度。

　　Woman: It was a revelation for me. It doesn't strike me that they had so much inside them.

　　(女人說)這對我是個啟示?？吹?他們蘊藏這么大能量我并不驚奇。

　　Girl: Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. For our auction we have some wonderful paintings for you, for a very good cause, the money you give us will be used to buy hearing aids. Are you ready, ladies and gentlemen? Audience: Yes! Girl: Are you ready? Audience: Yes! Girl: Are you ready? Audience: Yes!

　　(女孩說)謝謝，女士們，先生們 我們有很多精彩畫作要在今天拍出 出于非常正當?shù)哪康?拍賣所得將用于購買助聽器 你們準備好了么?(觀眾)：好啦! (女孩說)準備好了么?(觀眾)好啦! (女孩說)準備好了么?(觀眾)好啦!

　　KBS: So, the charter of compassion starts right here. Street plays, auctions, petitions. I mean, they were changing lives. It was incredible. So, how can we still stay immune? How can we stay immune to that passion, that energy, that excitement? I know it's obvious, but I have to end with the most powerful symbol of change, Gandhiji. 70 years ago, it took one man to infect an entire nation with the power of "We can."

　　好，一種憐愛之情油然而生 街頭游戲，拍賣活動，請愿活動 我想說，他們正在改變生活。 不可思議啊 那我們怎么還能無動于衷，還能免疫呢? 怎能免疫于那樣的熱情，能量，那樣的激動? 我知道，很明顯 但是我必須以一個最最有力的改變的代表來結(jié)束，他就是圣雄Gandhiji(甘地) 70年前，一個人 在整個國家傳染著 一種叫做“我能行”的力量

　　So, today who is it going to take to spread the infection from 100,000 children to the 200 million children in India? Last I heard, the preamble still said, "We, the people of India," right? So, if not us, then who? If not now, then when? Like I said, contagious is a good word. Thank you. (Applause)

　　那今天，誰來接過這一重擔 去把10萬兒童的熱情傳染 給印度的2000萬兒童? 上次演講，我聽到前排觀眾竟然還說 “我們，印度人民，對嗎?“ 那……除了我們還能有誰? 不趁現(xiàn)在，更待何時? 我說過，傳染是個好詞 謝謝你們! (鼓掌)