新冠疫苗接種開始 哪些人群不適宜接種？

北京市自2021年1月1日起組織各區(qū)對(duì)9類重點(diǎn)人群開展了新冠疫苗接種工作，在知情和自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，力爭(zhēng)做到“應(yīng)接盡接”，目前已有220個(gè)接種點(diǎn)啟動(dòng)使用。

2021年1月2日，北京一處接種點(diǎn)的工作人員在注射疫苗。(圖片來(lái)源：新華社)

Beijing's 220 health centers have since Friday vaccinated 73,537 people, with no major side effects detected, said Gao Xiaojun, a spokesman for the Beijing Health Commission, at a news conference on Sunday.

北京市衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)新聞發(fā)言人高小俊在1月3日的發(fā)布會(huì)上介紹，1月1日以來(lái)，北京的220個(gè)接種點(diǎn)共接種新冠疫苗73537劑，未發(fā)生嚴(yán)重不良反應(yīng)。

2020年12月31日，國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制發(fā)布我國(guó)首個(gè)新冠病毒疫苗附條件上市(conditional marketing authorization for China's first self-developed COVID-19 vaccine)。

The inactivated vaccine, which got the approval from the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), is developed by the Beijing Biological Products Institute Co., Ltd. under the China National Biotec Group (CNBG), which is affiliated with Sinopharm.

此次經(jīng)國(guó)家藥監(jiān)局批準(zhǔn)的疫苗為國(guó)藥集團(tuán)中國(guó)生物研發(fā)的新冠病毒滅活疫苗。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

疫情發(fā)生以來(lái)，國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制科研攻關(guān)組專門設(shè)立疫苗研發(fā)專班，按照滅活疫苗(inactivated vaccines)、重組蛋白疫苗(recombinant protein vaccines)、腺病毒載體疫苗(adenovirus vector vaccines)、減毒流感病毒載體活疫苗(vaccines using attenuated influenza virus as vectors)、核酸疫苗(nucleic acid vaccines)5條技術(shù)路線共布局12項(xiàng)研發(fā)任務(wù)。

The interim results of its phase-3 clinical trials show 79.34 percent efficacy against COVID-19, meeting the standards of the World Health Organization and the NMPA, according to a press conference by the State Council joint prevention and control mechanism against COVID-19.This vaccine will be provided free of charge to all Chinese people.

國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制發(fā)布會(huì)表示，三期臨床試驗(yàn)中期結(jié)果顯示，該疫苗有效性達(dá)到79.34%，保護(hù)效力達(dá)到世界衛(wèi)生組織及國(guó)家藥監(jiān)局相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，將為全民免費(fèi)提供。

目前，我國(guó)首批新冠病毒疫苗開始在北京、山東等地對(duì)重點(diǎn)人群進(jìn)行接種。

央視新聞報(bào)道截圖

Currently, health centers don't accept individual vaccination reservations. Individuals going abroad for personal reasons can apply for the shot at their residential community service centers.

目前，接種點(diǎn)不接受個(gè)人接種預(yù)約。因私出境人員可到居住地所在社區(qū)服務(wù)站提交申請(qǐng)。

哪些人群不適宜接種新冠疫苗?

Groups that are not suitable to receive the vaccines include pregnant women, lactating women and patients with some diseases. These patients are those in the acute stage of fever and infection, suffering from immune deficiency or immune disorder, having severe liver or kidney diseases, having uncontrolled hypertension, diabetic complications or malignant tumors.

不適宜接種的人群包括：孕婦、哺乳期婦女、正處在發(fā)熱、感染等疾病急性期、患免疫缺陷或免疫紊亂的人群、嚴(yán)重的肝腎疾病、藥物不可控制的高血壓、糖尿病并發(fā)癥、惡性腫瘤等人員。

Currently, people in the age group from 18 to 59 are arranged to receive the vaccination, and people not in the age group should wait for further data of clinical trials to know whether they could be vaccinated.

目前，只安排18到59歲年齡段的人群接種，其他年齡段的人群需等待進(jìn)一步臨床試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，明確是否能接種。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

藥品和疫苗研發(fā) drug and vaccine development

隨機(jī)試驗(yàn) random trial

雙盲試驗(yàn) double-blind trial

安慰劑對(duì)照試驗(yàn) placebo-controlled trial

免疫系統(tǒng) immune system

毒性試驗(yàn) toxicology test

有效性和安全性研究 safety and efficacy research